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Chemistry |! 103 |! exam |! 4 |! with |!
correct |! detailed |! solutions
Organic |! Compounds |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔contains |! carbon |! but |! excludes |! the |! oxides, |! carbides, |! and |! carbonates Inorganic |! Compounds |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔not |! organic Properties |! of |! Organic |! Compounds |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔low |! melting |! and |! boiliing |! points mostly |! covalent |! bonds highly |! flammable mostly |! insoluble Properties |! of |! Inorganic |! Compounds |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔high |! melting |! points most |! are |! ionic |! or |! polar |! covalent usually |! not |! flammable often |! soluble Petroleum |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔primary |! source |! of |! organic |! compounds complex |! mixture |! of |! hydrocarbons
Versitiity |! of |! Carbon |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔forms |! stable |! bods |! with |! itself |! and |! many |! other |! elements many |! more |! organic |! than |! inorganic Molecular |! Formulas |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔tell |! what |! elements |! and |! how |! many |! atoms |! of |! each |! element ex. |! C4H Structural |! Formulas |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔provide |! more |! detail tell |! how |! atoms |! attach |! to |! each |! other Condensed |! Structural |! Formulas |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔provide |! less |! detail take |! up |! less |! space provide |! enough |! info |! to |! make |! structural |! formula ex. |! CH3CH2CH2CH2CH Hydrocarbons |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔simplest |! organic |! compounds contain |! only |! H |! and |! C 4 |! Subgroups |! of |! Hydrocarbons |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔1. |! alkanes
- |! alkenes
- |! alkynes
- |! aromatics
IUPAC |! Naming |! System |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔1. |! find |! longest |! continuous |! chain |! of |! carbon |! atoms |! and |! name |! it |! according |! to |! alkane |! names
- |! number |! C |! atoms |! in |! parent |! chain |! from |! end |! nearest |! first |! branch
- |! name |! branch |! according |! to |! the |! total |! number |! C |! atoms |! it |! contains
- |! use |! a |! prefix |! when |! 2 |! or |! more |! present |! and |! indicate |! location |! with |! numbers Cycloalkanes |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔represented |! by |! geometric |! figures Functional |! Groups |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔groups |! of |! atoms |! in |! organic |! compounds |! that |! cause |! a |! molecule |! to |! behave |! in |! a |! predictable |! way Hydrocarbon |! Functional |! Group |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔R-H VSPER |! On |! Double |! Bonds |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔triangular |! planar 120 |! angle VSPER |! on |! Triple |! Bonds |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔linear 180 |! angle Naming |! Alkenes |! and |! Alkynes |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔1. |! find |! longest |! chain |! of |! C |! atoms |! containing |! multiple |! bond, |! name |! as |! the |! alkane |! but |! with |! ene |! or |! yne
- |! number |! longest |! chain |! from |! side |! closest |! to |! multiple |! bond
- |! name |! and |! locate |! branches |! like |! with |! alkanes
Cis-Trans |! Isomerism |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔same |! molecularr |! formulas same |! connectivity |! of |! atoms different |! fixed |! arrangement |! of |! atoms |! in |! 3D |! space Cis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔same Trans |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔across Addition |! Reactions |! in |! Alkenes |! and |! Alkynes |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔H2 |! added |! = |! hydrogenation HOH |! added |! = |! hydration Hydrogenation |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔add |! H |! atoms |! to |! C |! atoms |! onf |! a |! double |! or |! triple |! bond Hydration |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔H |! and |! OH |! added |! to |! C |! atoms |! of |! double |! or |! triple |! bond Aromatic |! Hydrocarbons |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔contain |! benzene |! ring Complete |! Combustion |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔all |! hydrocarbons |! react |! with |! O2 |! to |! produce |! CO2 |! and |! H2O Alcohols |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔contain |! OH |! attached |! to |! a |! C
Complete |! Combustion |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔use |! O2 |! and |! create |! water |! and |! CO Dehydration |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔loss |! of |! H |! and |! OH |! from |! adjacent |! carbons Oxidation |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔increase |! in |! C-O |! bonds loss |! of |! H |! (in |! alcohols |! loss |! of |! 2 |! H) Krebs |! Cycle |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔oxidize |! the |! food |! you |! eat |! to |! create |! energy Phenols |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔benzene |! with |! OH |! group antiseptics |! disinfectants Ethers |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔has |! an |! O |! between |! 2 |! C |! groups Properties |! of |! Ethers |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔do |! not |! react |! with |! most |! reagents good |! solvents anesthetics flammable Thiols |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔contain |! an |! SH |! group named |! by |! adding |! thiol |! to |! the |! alkane |! name
Properties |! of |! Thiols |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔strong |! odors used |! to |! detect |! gas |! leaks found |! in |! onions, |! garlic, |! oysters Oxidation |! of |! Thiols |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔H |! atom |! is |! lost |! from |! each |! of |! 2 |! SH |! groups Aldehydes |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔carbonyl |! group |! attached |! to |! at |! least |! one |! H Ketone |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔carbonyl |! group |! attached |! to |! 2 |! C |! groups Redox |! Reaction |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔aldehydes |! oxidized |! to |! carboxylic |! acids Carboxylic |! Acids |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔carboxyl |! group |! attached |! to |! a |! hydroxyl |! group weak |! acids ionize |! in |! water |! to |! produce |! carboxylate |! ions |! and |! hydronium |! ions Carbonyl |! Group |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔c |! double |! bond |! o Carboxyl |! Goup |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔c |! double |! bond |! o |! oh
Stereoiserism |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ 2 |! or |! more |! molecules |! with |! the |! same |! molecular |! formula |! and |! same |! connectivity |! of |! atoms |! but |! different |! fixed3d |! arrangements Chirality |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔lack |! of |! plane |! of |! symmetry left |! and |! right |! handed |! forms |! of |! same |! object Fischer |! Projection |! Formula |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔represents |! 3D |! shape |! of |! chiral |! molecules |! with |! 1 |! or |! more |! chiral |! C |! atoms Rules |! for |! Writing |! Fischer |! Projection |! Formulas |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔1. |! carbon |! backbone |! is |! vertical |! axis |! with |! C1 |! at |! top
- |! center |! of |! cross |! represents |! a |! chiral |! C |! atom
- |! horizontal |! bonds |! are |! toward |! observer
- |! vertical |! bonds |! are |! away |! from |! observer Amines |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔derivatives |! of |! ammonia |! (NH3) N |! attached |! to |! alkyl |! or |! aromatic nature's |! bases weak |! bases |! in |! water Amine |! Salt |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔amine |! neutralized |! by |! acid named |! by |! replacing |! amine |! part |! with |! followed |! by |! negative |! ion
Alkaloids |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔physiologically |! active |! N |! containing |! compounds from |! plants used |! as |! anesthetics, |! antidepressants, |! and |! stimulants often |! addictive Cocaine |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔amine |! salt reacted |! with |! NaOH |! to |! produce |! free |! amine |! form-crack second |! most |! addictive Caffeine |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔stimulant found |! in |! coffee |! beans, |! chocolate |! and |! sodas Nicotine |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔increases |! adrenaline |! level |! in |! blood most |! addictive Morphine |! and |! Codeine |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔alkaloids from |! poppy |! plant painkillers modified |! to |! make |! heroin Amides |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔amino |! group |! (NH2) |! replaces |! the |! OH |! group |! of |! carboxyic |! acids
