Chemistry Equations Cheat Sheet , Cheat Sheet of Chemistry

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Chemistry Equations Cheat Sheet

Chemistry Equations Cheat Sheet Quanta Description Pomible umber values Principal quantum | eaoray Ievel whee umber (3) wal dupe | TO dy L quantum nurnbe o [ Magnets quantum [abil | m=tent | ‘umber (mo) orientation (Ps, pp) Spa quanta dexcribaspm of | m= Soar= ‘umber (mm. electron 5 Each electron has a unique set of quantum pumbers, LECTRONIC CONFIC ATION Electron configuration: describes the location of al of the electrons n-an element. e g. Carbon = s'2s"2p" {n.an stom can have the same set of four quantum numbers (a, Lm, m,) which means thateach orbital with quantum numbers (a, 8) ean bold al moat to electrons with ‘opposite spins. ‘Mund’s rote: when electrons added to orbitals of equal energy, a single electron fenters-cach orbital before a second electron With opposite spin enters any orbital. The spins remain parallel if possible. e.g Nitrogen N- ot} nh t+ t Aufbau Principle: dictates the oder in ‘which osbitls fill, Some exe the wansition elements Unars oF Pressune ‘atm = 760 mmHg = 760 tor = 101.825 kPa = 1.01325 bar Iogat oAs posruLares 1, mivenos re very scl compared oie dance th sive re contemensly moving 2. penne fit cls ot socecues with contin wall 4: mlecakndo me experience ntermeloular fen 5 KET Meat gastaw: PV = nT Combined gas law: PY, PU me Pe const Bote’ law None Line B 7 STP standard temperature (O°C or 278.15 K) and press (1 a) 1 mo! of ideal gus oocupies F= 22.41. arf condoms - 29°C ana | at Dalton’s law of partial pressure (mixture of the gaxes) P= py tPy tet Py Pee Za-P KE, =KEg aT, = Ty ve KE © Tbe Vv, #VyaT, 4 What nas ote ons “sty” gh TB low P Blower mmaleculr weigh ox ama size cf gaa melee ‘Real gases: + have ntrmolecuar atrctons (nr late colisonscaled Vander Waal ces + eanain motcuas at have volume (or rmassuabie za) | oc —nb)= nar Diseersion Forces: Describe the attraction between the negatively charged electron cloud of one molecule and the positively charged nuctei of neighbouring molecules Dirotaa Foaces: Describe the attraction between the negatively charged end of a polar molecule and the positively charged ends of neighbouring polar molecules Hypocen Bouowc: Involves lone pairs of electrons on an electronegative atom of one molecule and a polar ‘band to hydrogen in another molecule, they are confined to molecules that contain , N, and F MovecuLar Souo: Molecules in molecular solids are held in place by the types of forces: dispersion forces, dipolar interactions, andlor hydrogen bands METALLIC SUD: ‘Atoms in'metafic solids are held in place by delacalised bonding Network Soun: Contains an array of covalent bonds linking every ‘aiom to its neighbours, lowe Soun: ‘Contains cations and anions, attracted to one ‘another by coulombic interactions SOT rrolaity (M) tality Co mule faction ‘males of solute/ky of solvent oles ofsoluteTotal males ‘masa of solute x TOW etal man masa percent of solution pars per callow "nas of solute © TO total mass Sopen) of volution Raouit’s Law (distillation) Pye XPi Where P, ~ partial pressure of A ia solution Xi; = mole fraction of A in the Liquid F, = vapour pressare of pure A, Colligative properties (metting/boiling points etc) Freezing pout depression: salt on the sidewalk in veinter lowers the freezing point of HO to prevent the wate from ireezing AT)= kant oiling point elevation: salt im pasta Water increnses the boiling point of H,0'50 that the water boils ster (asd your pasta cooks more ganckly) AT, = komt ‘Ovmotic pressure: anerense in pressure dus toa solvent rosnng & membrane inlea more consentmes solution TVenRT