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CITI Ethics, Responsible Conduct, RCR, Law, HTH
and IRB 2025/2026 Exam With Questions and
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Which of the following is true regarding data analysis? Data analysis methods should be specified in advance before a study begins. Which of the following most accurately describes data lifecycle management (DLM) It refers to the tools and processes for handling data during a research study and after it concludes. Which of the following is true regarding the reporting of research results? Clear specification of the methods and procedures used is essential.
What is the primary responsibility of oversight bodies such as an IRB or an IACUC To detect compliance with regulatory requirements, including those relating to protecting research subjects. Which of the following is true regarding data acquisition? Data acquisition should follow a detailed collection plan that is set in advance. In the research context, the term validity most commonly refers to: Whether operationalized terms actually measure what they purport to measure. What are the three main goals of data lifecycle management? Confidentiality, availability, and integrity
A conflict of interest committee Which of the following most accurately describes a conflict of commitment? It occurs when outside activities interfere with obligations to one’s primary employer. The main focus of NIH’s conflict of interest policy is: Financial conflicts of interest Which of the following most accurately describes an institutional conflict of interest? It occurs when an institution’s financial interests could interfere with its research activities
Which of following is true about the management of conflicts of interest? Management plans are often created to reduce the impact of conflicts of interest rather than completely eliminating them Which of following is true about conflicts of interest They increase the likelihood of bias. Which of the following statements best exemplifies the importance of mentoring? A mechanism to transmit values and standards of professional conduct. What is the most appropriate course of action for a trainee who has a problem with a mentor? After first attempting to communicate directly with the mentor, the trainee should seek the counsel of a trusted senior person in the department or organization.
According to the U.S. Federal Research Misconduct Policy, fabrication involves: Making up data or results and recording or reporting them. Which of the following is most likely to be considered plagiarism? Using materials from a source without proper citation. Which of the following is the most effective strategy for preventing research misconduct? Good mentoring Which of the following is true regarding the U.S. Federal Research Misconduct Policy? To have a misconduct finding, the action must have been committed intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly.
Which type of research misconduct most likely occurred if someone intentionally removes data points on a graph in order to generate a deceptive conclusion? Falsification According to U.S. Federal Research Misconduct Policy, which of the following is considered to be research misconduct? Good mentoring In response to a research misconduct allegation, what is the next main phase that takes place after the inquiry if there is sufficient evidence to proceed? An investigation According to the U.S. Federal Research Misconduct Policy, falsification involves:
Which of the following statements is true concerning data selection? Establishing a data selection strategy prior to collecting data decreases the chance of a biased outcome. Which of following is most likely to own the data resulting from a research project? The institution where a federally-funded project takes place. Which of the following is true regarding data sharing and stewardship? Agencies that fund research may include data sharing requirements in their funding contracts. Which of the following most accurately describes the practice of ghost authorship?
It is a situation where the individual who wrote the manuscript is not listed as an author. Which of the following is a responsibility of each author? Confirming that data have been accurately presented. Which of the following is an example of plagiarism? Presenting someone else’s ideas or words and claiming them as one’s own. Which of the following is true regarding an acknowledgments section? The contributions of students and technicians are often listed in the acknowledgments section if they do not meet all of the criteria for authorship.
Which of the following is the primary criterion for authorship? Having made a significant intellectual contribution to the work. Which of the following statements is true regarding authorship practices? Different disciplines have different practices about who should be included as an author. Which of the following statements most accurately describes the review process for grant proposals? Funding agencies usually have committees, often with external reviewers, that assess the quality of the proposal. A reviewer’s main responsibility is to: Be professional and prompt.
The two main criteria that the National Science Foundation (NSF) uses to evaluate grant proposals are: Intellectual merits and broader impacts. Which of the following statements is true regarding the responsibilities of a reviewer? A reviewer’s conflict of interest should be disclosed to the journal editor or grant agency Which of the following is true regarding single-blind and double-blind review: Under single-blind review, the identity of the author is revealed to the reviewer.
Trainees should assume that whoever is assigned to them as the thesis or research adviser will be their best choice for a mentor. Which of the following most accurately describes the responsibilities of a trainee in the mentoring relationship? The trainee must take an active role in the relationship and clearly communicate needs and expectations. Which of the following statements most accurately describes the mentoring relationship? Mentors teach trainees about aspects of academic life that are not covered in textbooks. Which of the following statements best exemplifies the importance of mentoring?
A mechanism to transmit values and standards of professional conduct. The defining characteristic of a mentor is someone who: Takes a sincere interest in the growth and development of a trainee. Which of the following is most likely to create a poor relationship between mentor and trainee? A faculty member searches out trainees merely for that person’s own career advancement. Which of following is true about the management of conflicts of interest? Management plans are often created to reduce the impact of conflicts of interest rather than completely eliminating them.
Which of the following most clearly illustrates an example of an academic conflict of interest? A researcher becomes overly attached to a specific research outcome. Which of the following most accurately describes an institutional conflict of interest? It occurs when an institution’s financial interests could interfere with its research activities. Which of following is true about conflicts of interest? They increase the likelihood of bias.
if an employer allows a friendship to interfere with a hiring decision, this is typically referred to as: A personal conflict of interest. Data ownership is typically determined by: The type and source of funds used to support the project. Which of the following is a key reason why international collaborations can be challenging? Language barriers and cultural differences among collaborators can complicate communication. Which of the following is true regarding academic-industry collaborations? The industry sponsor typically owns the data from research that it funds.
