Hydrocarbon Classification Tests
Classification Test for Hydrocarbons
Physical Properties
| Sample | Odor | Color | | --- | --- | --- | | Benzene | Rubber-like | Colorless | |
Heptane | Acetone-like | Colorless | | Hexane | Alcohol-like | Colorless | |
Distilled Water (d.H2O) | None | Colorless |
Solubility in Concentrated Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
| Sample | Reagent | Result | | --- | --- | --- | | Benzene | 10 gtt. of H2SO4 |
Presence of yellow layer | | Heptane | - | Immiscible | | Hexane | - |
Immiscible | | Distilled Water (d.H2O) | - | Insoluble |
Combustibility Test
| Sample | Color of the Flame | | --- | --- | | Benzene | Orange with black soot |
| Heptane | Blue without soot | | Hexane | Blue without soot | | Distilled
Water (d.H2O) | Inflammable |
Test for Active Unsaturation
Baeyer's Test
This test determines the presence of carbon-carbon double bonds and
carbon-carbon triple bonds. A positive result is indicated by the presence of
brown suspensions.
| Sample | Reagent | Result | | --- | --- | --- | | Benzene | 2 gtt. of 2% KMnO4 |
Few | | Heptane | - | Trace | | Hexane | - | Solution per se became brown | |
Distilled Water (d.H2O) | - | Few |
Bromine Test
This test is for the presence of unsaturated carbons and phenols. A positive
result is indicated by a change in color.
| Sample | Reagent | Result | | --- | --- | --- | | Benzene | 10 gtt. Bromine in
CCl4 | Colorless | | Heptane | - | Colorless | | Hexane | - | Colorless | |
Distilled Water (d.H2O) | - | Colorless |
