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CLTD Final Exam 2025 | Certified in Logistics,
Transportation and Distribution| ASCM
(Association for Supply Chain Management)
A complete supply chain dedicated to the reverse flow of products and materials for the purpose of returns, repair, remanufacture, and/or recycling --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Reverse Logistics In the Social aspect category of the G4 Sustainability Reporting Guidelines, what are the subcategories? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Society, Labor practices / decent work, human rights, and product responsibility Which standard requires that organizations demonstrate that they have improved their energy performance over time? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------ISO 150001 Which ISO standard (if any) can be certified by an external authority other that ISO? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------ISO 14001: Which ISO provides guidelines on the specific elements of an EMS and its implementation and explains the main issues involved? ---------CORRECT ANSWER- ----------------ISO 14004 2004
Warehouses typically get to use what three KPIs to measure sustainability? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------1) CO2 per unit
- Volatile organic compounds in kg or lbs per unit
- Waste-to-landfill materials in kg or lbs per unit How often must an organization renew its ISO certification? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Every 3 years According to the text, _____________ of the 5 modes of transportation are actually an option based on the product and shipment traits ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------one or two Directive that mandates that suppliers take back equipment at the end of its economic life, and sets targets for recycling and recovery of material used in electronics ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Waste Electrical and Electronic Agreement The recommended reporting framework for sustainability is called ____________________ and incorporates ____________________. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The recommended reporting framework for sustainability is called GLOBAL REPORTING ITIATIVE'S G4 SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING GUIDELINES and incorporates GLOBAL COMPACT 10 PRINCIPLES
- Give outsourcing parties full access to proprietary designs
- Implement multiple supplier relationships at the level of "contract"
- Near-source suppliers and production in several key markets
- Maintain inventory buffers at key production points ---------CORRECT ANSWER---- -------------Near-Source Suppliers and production points in several key markets At what point in a product life cycle would logistics provide input on unit load size or bulk purchase discount price break points by weight or volume? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Development Which is a generic logistics strategy involves differentiating by reducing complexity for customers? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Market What is a good way for a 3PL to increase loyalty in its customer base? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Allow them to start with high management control, even if the 3PL could do it better What would be a good reason to avoid collecting data for performance measurement at the usual time?
- The crew does their cleaning just prior to this time period on a regular basis
- There is no good reason to alter the collection schedule
- Conditions during the data collection time are unusually busy with rush orders
- The organization uses a balanced scorecard system ---------CORRECT ANSWER----- ------------Conditions during the data collection time are unusually busy with rush orders What is a good way to reduce risk when implementing a close partnership with another organization in the supply chain that involves fully restructuring the logistics network? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Reserve more complex tasks until later project phases What is the difference between upside supply chain flexibility and upside supply chain adaptability? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Flexibility is a measure of time, adaptability is a measure of production quantity What is a good policy regarding logistics network complexity? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Organizational maturity needs to keep pace with complexity What typically needs to be implemented at an organization before the total cost to serve can be measured at the transactional rather than the aggregate level? ---- -----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Activity-based costing
What is a vital part of the first step in the contracting out process that is at risk of being overlooked? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Communicate with staff to manage morale Which is a key warehouse control to reduce risks of employee theft? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Rotate work assignments Why does lean emphasize short, consistent lead times so much? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The push/pull frontier can be moved back further this way For which of the following does the seller bear the freight charges?
- FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid
- FOB Destination, Freight Collect
- FOB destination, Freight Prepaid and Charged Back
- FOB Origin, Freight Collect ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The seller bears the freight charges in FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid What makes the RoadRailer Unique? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------It is a bimodal trailer with two sets of wheels
What is the NVOCC? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A cargo consolidator (Non-Vessel Operating Common Carriers); Provide service on a container basis. Employee's first-hand working knowledge of a product is an example of what CSM element? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Capability; Customers need to efel that when they contact the seller of a product or service that they will be able to communicate directly with experience professionals who truly know the products inside and out and have used them What type of planning would indicate whether long-term warehouse capacity would need expansion in the coming years, assuming top management approves it? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Resource Planning Capacity planning conducted at the business plan level; The process of establishing, measuring, and adjusting limits or levels of long-range capacity; Based on the production plan ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Resource planning What is the formula for safety stock? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Demand * LT + Safety Stock
Air cargo generates ______ % of international airline revenue ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Air cargo generates 9% of international airline revenue The most common type of invoice that is sent with the shipment; Utilized by customs to determine the value of goods in order to determine the amount in duties ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Commerical Invoice Delays the completion of the production of finished goods until customer demand is more definite ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Postponement The GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals) was developed by the... ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------United Nations Which is a good way that an organization whose strategy is to compete on cost can reduce risks of service failure due to uncontrollable events? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Locate a manufacturing facility halfway between two ports What is the formula for cash-to-cash cycle time? ---------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -------Cash-to-Cash Cycle time = Days Sales Outstanding + Inventory Days of Supply
What is the difference between a TEU and an FEU? ---------CORRECT ANSWER------- ----------20 feet (TEU = Twenty-foot equivalent units, FEU - Forty-Foot Equivalent Units) Picking structure in which pickers are assigned a zone in the warehouse; Ideal for a warehouse with a large number of deliveries per day and a large number of SKUs in the warehouse ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Wave Picking Product transportation characteristics as compared to other products --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Freight Rating Which material requirements planning (MRP) technique ca be leveraged to book inbound transportation earlier and thus cheaper than if you wait until orders for materials are actually released? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Backscheduling Product responsibility focuses on the product issues of ______________ and includes labelling requirements, non-compliance incidents, and customer breaches of privacy, all relevant to the G4 Sustainability Reporting Guidelines ------ ---CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Customers What is a typical description of a "Standard Delivery Truck?" ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Two axle, six-tire single unit
Which is an example of logistics form utility?
- Faster Transportation
- Mixing
- Sufficient qty on hand
- Easy returns policy ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Mixing What are the goals of logistics that need to be optimally balanced? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Effectively meet customer requirements and efficiently minimize cost tradeoffs What is a general rule for including or omitting an entire echelon from a logistics network? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------It needs to add value to the business model What is a primary difference between forward and reverse logistics flows? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Homogenous versus diverse unit types; The forward flows involve homogenous materials or assortments, while the reverse flows will be a highly diverse set of SKUs Which cost will be reduced as more DCs are added to a logistics network?
- Drop distance cost
- Stem distance cost
- Line Haul costs
- Inventory shortage costs ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Stem distance cost What is a primary factor that can result in a country's logistics as a percentage of GDP being higher or lower relative to other countries? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-- ---------------Aggregate Inventory Levels Logistics can be summed up as physical supply plus... ---------CORRECT ANSWER---- -------------Distribution What is a fast way to improve logistics throughput if it is measured using monetary value metrics? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Pick and ship higher-value goods with higher priority The subset of supply chain management that controls the forward and reverse movement, handling, and storage of goods between origin and distribution points ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Logistics The planning, directing, monitoring, and controlling of the processes related to customer orders, manufacturing orders, and purchase orders ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Order Management
The portion of a transportation journey that moves between two transportation terminals; Excludes the pick-up and delivery portions of a journey used to acquire or distribute LTL freight ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Line Haul The cost of physical inventory and its financing charges ---------CORRECT ANSWER- ----------------Capital Cost The cost of inventory management and insurance ---------CORRECT ANSWER-------- ---------Service Cost Costs associated with pilferage, inventory deterioration, damage, and obsolescence ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Risk Cost A solution to a problem that is best from a narrow point of view, but not from a higher or overall company point of view ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Suboptimization A level of supply chain nodes ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Echelon Physical supply is sometimes called a... ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Process value chain
Distribution is sometimes called a... ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Value delivery network Usefulness to the customer ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Utility Product desirability created by marketing efforts ---------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -------Possession Utility Value created by changing a good's form through a production process --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Form Utility (Utility in the eyes of the customer) The ability for the customer to communicate requirements or needs to the supplier or manufacturer ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Information Utility What are the stages of inventory Integration / maturity? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------1) Baseline
- Functional Integration
- Internal Integration
If historical data is available and the trend appears to be relatively steady, a _______________________ forecast is a good choice. If no data is available or trend changes frequently, a ___________________ forecast can be used to develop a forecast that is based on elements that appear to be driving the changes in trend. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------If historical data is available and appears to be relatively steady, a TIME-SERIES forecast is a good choice. If no data is available or the trend changes frequently, it may be best to develop an ASSOCIATIVE forecast based on elements that appear to be driving the changes in trend If a retailer is unwilling to share demand data directly with a manufacturer, what is one way they could still reduce the bullwhip effect? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--- --------------Get them to agree to vendor-managed inventory When scheduling capacity for deliveries or storage of raw materials or other manufacturing inputs, logistics professionals would rely on released orders from... ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Materials Requirements Planning If a product is moving from the introduction phase to the growth phase and demand appears to be growing even faster than expectations, what sort of trend might be best for forecasters to plot ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Exponential Trend Logistics calculates a tracking signal for a forecast, and the results from the past six months are - 6, - 5, - 5, - 4, - 4, - 3. What should logistics make of this data? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The forecast contains bias; A reliable forecast without bias will oscillate between positive and negative values With exponential smoothing, what range must the alpha value fall into? If wanting to emphasize more recent demand, would a high or low value be preferred? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The alpha value must be between 0 and 1; A higher alpha value (closer to 1) minimizes lag and emphasizes more recent months Which error measurement method would highlight even small variances so an organization could work towards its six-sigma levels of quality? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Mean Squared Error Which factor will strongly impact warehouse storage space requirements and so needs to be decided prior to making estimates of required capacity and size?
- Unit Load Size
- Warehouse Mode
- Tax Rates
- Distance to key markets ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Warehouse Mode Schedule that takes into account the forecast, the production plan, and other important characteristics such as backlog, availability of material, availability of
