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CMN |\170v |\Final |\exam |\with |\answers
The |\term |"death |\of |\distance", |\as |\used |\here, |\seems |\a |\bit |\exaggerated |
because, |\even |\nowadays, |\there |\are |\delays |\when |\communicating |\over |
space. |\The |\basic |\argument |\here |\is: |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔radio_button_checked with |\bits |\traveling |\close |\to |\the |\speed |\of |\light |(in |\fiberoptics |\and |
radiowaves) |\we |\have |\approached |\the |\limit |\of |\the |\physically |\possible While |\digital |\distance-communication |("tele-communication") |\has |
been |\around |\for |\many |\years |(in |\the |\United |\States, |\analog |\TV |\was |
required |\to |\switch |\to |\digital |\in |\2009), |\the |\COVID-19 |\pandemic: |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔acted |\like |\as |\an |\accelerator |\in |\the |\adoption |
and |\innovation |\of |\tele-communication, |\given |\global |"social |
distancing" |\policies. Correct Timeless |\Time |\refers |\to |\the |\fact |\that: |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔combining |\synchronous |\and |\asynchronous |\processes |\allows |\to |
negate |\temporal |\sequence What |\is |\an |\example |\of |\a |\many-to-one |\communication |\in |\online |\social |
networks? |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Liking |\of |\a |\post
The |\concept |\of |\the |"space |\of |\flows" |\refers |\to |\a |\reconceptualization |\of |
space |\due |\to |(among |\other |\things): |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔the |
importance |\of |\the |\particular |\structure |\of |\the |\underlying |\network Correct Network |\Externalities |\of |\a |\product |\or |\service |\refer |\to |\the |\fact |\that |\its |
value |\to |\a |\consumer: |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔depends |\on |\how |\many |\other |\users |\consume |\it What |\is |\true |\with |\regard |\to |\positive- |\and |\negative |\network |
externalities: |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔positive |\network |\externalities |
mean |\the |\more |\people, |\the |\more |\benefit |\for |\everybody Drawing |\from |\what |\we've |\just |\learned, |\is |\there |\an |\economic/commercial |\motivation |\for |\online |\social |\networks |\to |"connect |\everybody |\on |\planet |\Earth", |\or |\is |\this |\pure |\philanthropy? |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔To |\increase |\the |\positive |\network |\externalities |
of |\the |\social |\network Correct According |\to |\media |\richness |\theory, |\which |\of |\the |\following |
communication |\channels |\would |\be |\best |\suited |\when |\discussing |
essential |\business |\decisions |\that |\define |\the |\future |\of |\a |\company? |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Video-conferencing Correct
Correct Think |\about |\the |\footwear |\industry. |\https://companiesmarketcap.com/footwear/largest-companies-by- market-cap/ |\Here |\Nike |\is |\clearly |\larger |\than |\its |\closest |\competitor, |
Adidas. Looking |\into |\it, |\we |\are |\likely |\to |\discover |\that |\it's |\on |\average |\cheaper |
for |\Nike |\to |\produce |\and |\sell |\a |\pair |\of |\sneakers |(even |\if |\we'd |\imagine |
it'd |\be |\exactly |\the |\same |\pair). |\What |\are |\the |\reasons |\that |\contribute |\to |\this |"economies |\of |\scale" |\advantage? (check |\all |\that |\apply) (check |\all |\that |\apply) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔check_box rent |\or |\purchase |\of |\real |\estate |\for |\production |\facility Correct check_box payment |\of |\fixed |\salaries |\of |\managers |\and |\secretaries Correct check_box rent |\or |\purchase |\of |\production |\facilities |\like |\conveyer |\belts Correct check_box rent |\or |\purchase |\of |\business |\intelligence |\software, |\including |\ERP, |
SCM, |\CRM |\and/or |\AI-based |\machine |\learning |\packages
Correct check_box cost |\involved |\in |\creating |\and |\maintining |\global |\contacts |\for |
distribution |\channels Correct Producing |\a |\product, |\like |\a |\car, |\requires |\an |\initial |\investment. |\For |
example, |\you, |\as |\an |\entrepreneur, |\need |\to |\pay |\a |\fee |\to |\register |\your |
business. |\This |\is |\fee |\is |\independent |\of |\your |\plan |\to |\start |\producing |
much |\or |\little. |\Is |\this |\fee |\an |\example |\of |\a |"fixed |\cost" |\or |\a |"variable/marginal |\cost"? (check |\all |\that |\apply) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔fixed |\cost You |\increase |\your |\production |\and |\have |\to |\ship |\out |\many |\more |
packages |\now. |\The |\cost |\of |\packaging |\and |\shipping |\physical |\items |\is |
an |\example |\of: |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔variable/marginal |\cost You |\employ |\different |\professionals |\in |\your |\company. |\Some |\of |\them, |
for |\example |\the |\secretary, |\the |\Vice-President, |\or |\your |\tax |\accountant, |\get |\their |\money |\independent |\from |\your |\productivity |\output. |\Others |
you |\only |\employ |\when |\they |\are |\needed, |\like |\those |\paid |\by |\the |\hours |
(like |\servers |\in |\a |\restraurant |\or |\production |\personell). Are |\these |\kinds |\of |\payments |\an |\example |\of |\fixed |\cost |\or |\variable/maginal |\cost?
someone |\who |\revealed |\the |\extend |\of |\the |\US |\government |\digital |
surveilance |\programs Correct Edward |\Joseph |\Snowden |(born |\1983) |\is |\an |\American |\whistleblower |
who |\copied |\and |\leaked |\highly |\classified |\information |\from |\the |
National |\Security |\Agency |(NSA) |\in |\ 2013 |\when |\he |\was |\a |\Central |
Intelligence |\Agency |(CIA) |\employee |\and |\subcontractor. |\His |\disclosures |\revealed |\numerous |\global |\surveillance |\programs... What |\are |\some |\digital |\building |\blocks |\which |\might |\be |\created |\for |
one |\purpose, |\but |\have |\the |\potential |\to |\be |\re-purposed |\in |\other |
contexts? |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔check_box image |\recognition |\of |\faces |\on |\social |\media Correct check_box speech |\recognition |\for |\smart |\speakers Correct check_box autonumous |\driving |\of |\a |\car Correct check_box malware |\detection |\for |\bank |\accounts Correct
check_box recommendar |\algorithm |\for |\an |\online |\book |\store Correct check_box generative |\AI |\Large |\Language |\Model |\for |\a |\chatbot Correct Think |\about |\a |\tailor |\at |\a |\high-end |\cloth |\store, |\that |\takes |\personal |
measurements. |\Does |\the |\store |\go |\for |\individualization/differentiation |
or |\for |\scale/cost-leadership? |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔adio_button_checked individualization/differentiation Correct When |\your |\existing |\Amazon |\account |\gives |\you |\a |\recommendation |\on |\which |\books |\to |\read |\next, |\do |\they |\use |\information |\from |\other |
previous |\customers |\or |\information |\from |\your |\past |\shopping |
behavior? |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔From |\previous |\customers |\only radio_button_unchecked From |\your |\past |\shopping |\behavior |\only radio_button_checked Both Correct
on |\the |\accidental |\growth |\of |\fungus, |\creating |\new |\combinations |\of |\his |\existing |\knowledge. Correct According |\to |\the |\combinatorial |\logic |\of |\invention |\and |\innovation |\that |
we |\just |\discussed, |\why |\is |\it |\that |\basic |\research |\on |\groundbreaking |
inventions |\is |\often |\financed |\by |\the |\public |\sector? radio_button_checked Correct |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔exponential |\combinatorial |
possibilities |\create |\a |\large |\risk |\of |\failure |(making |\it |\unlikely |\to |\find |
the |\right |\combination |\quickly), |\and |\public |\funding |\spreads |\the |
financial |\burden |\of |\this |\high |\risk |\among |\the |\public. According |\to |\the |\Schumpeterian |\distinction |\between |\invention |\and |
innovation, |\why |\does |\it |\make |\sense |\for |\the |\private |\sector |(as |
opposed |\to |\the |\public |\sector) |\to |\explore |\how |\to |\best |\come |\up |\with |
innovations? |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔adio_button_checked because |\the |\private |\sector |\is |\part |\of |\the |\market |\dynamic, |\where |
price-driven |\supply |\and |\demand |\dynamics |\help |\to |\shape |\what |
creates |\value |\for |\society. Correct
Yes, |\innovations |\create |\social/economic |\value |\out |\of |\inventions. |\While |\not |\all |\inventions |\become |\innovations, |\market-dynamics |\are |\very |
helpful |\to |\detect |\what |\creates |\value. According |\to |\the |\definition |\of |\horizontal |\ownership |\concentration |
(that |\a |\company |\acquires |\a |\direct |\competitor), |\what |\is |\a |\prominent |
example |\of |\that |\in |\the |\digital |\industry? |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔radio_button_checked when |\in |\2012, |\the |\social |\media |\site |\Facebook |\acquired |\the |\social |
media |\site |\Instagram |\for |\approx. |\US$ |\ 1 |\billion. Correct Wait, |\so |\what |\happened |\there |\in |\the |\1980s? |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔radio_button_checked A |\company |(that |\had |\a |\successful |\game |(namco)) |\asked |\another |
company |(that |\had |\a |\distribution |\channel |\to |\people's |\homes |
(Nintendo)) |\to |\help |\them |\adopt |\their |\game |\in |\their |\portfolio. |\The |
latter |\accepted |\but |\asked |\for |\a |\30% |\surcharge, |\mainly |\to |\cover |\the |
production |\of |\the |\plastic |\cartridges |\it |\had |\to |\produce. Correct Traditionally, |\Apple's |\App |\Store |\and |\Google's |\Play |\Store |\charge |\30% |
of |\the |\purchasing |\price |\for |\digital |\goods |\and |\services. |\This |\means |
that |\for |\every |\purchase, |\30% |\goes |\to |\the |\platform, |\and |\70% |\goes |\to |
the |\app |\developer. |\This |\is |\because |\Apple |\and |\Google |\need |\to |\
Taking |\this |\wide-ranging |\definition |\of |"transaction |\costs", |\what |
increasing |\the |\cost |\of |\executing |\a |\transaction |\in |\the |\retail |\music |
business? Just |\think |\about |\it: |\are |\the |\following |\aspects |\adding |\to |\the |\total |\cost |
of |\transacting |\music? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_cost |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔radio_button_unchecked Costs |\associated |\with |\searching |\for |\music |(incl. |\the |\time |\spent |\to |
walk |\into |\a |\store |\and/or |\setting |\up |\stores, |\and/or |\the |\computational |
cost |\of |\online |\searches). radio_button_unchecked Costs |\associated |\with |\settling |\for |\a |\price |(incl. |\time |\it |\needs |\to |\set |
and |\compare |\prices). radio_button_unchecked Distribution |\costs |\of |\music |(incl. |\sales-personal |\or |\an |\internet |
connection). radio_button_unchecked Enforcement |\costs |(incl. |\supervision |\of |\the |\seller |\and |\buyer). radio_button_checked All |\of |\the |\above Correct
If |\internal |\transaction |\costs |\are |\lower |\than |\external |\transaction |\costs, |\what |\does |\transaction |\cost |\theory |\predict: |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |
✔✔The |\company |\will |\become |\bigger Correct ...because |\I'd |\hire |\people |\in-house, |\who'd |\do |\it |\cheaper |\than |\the |
people |\I |\pay |\for |\outside |\services... The |\distinction |\between |\invention |\and |\innovation |\is: (also, |\see |\the |\slide!) |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔radio_button_checked innovation |\is |\socially |\embedded Correct Which |\one |\is |\NOT |\part |\of |\our |\working |\definition |\of |\technology? |- |
CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔it |\is |\electronic The |\difference |\between |\tacit |(implicit) |\and |\explicit |\knowledge |\is |\that: |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔adio_button_checked explicit |\knowledge |\can |\be |\expressed |\step-by-step, |\tacit |\knowledge |\is |
hard |\to |\transfer/communicate Correct The |\difference |\between |"de |\jure" |\and |"de |\facto" |\standards |\is |\that:
Linear |\growth |\increases |\by |\a |\constant |\amount |\in |\each |\time |\period, |
forming |\a |\straight |\line |\when |\graphed |(like |\the |\number |\of |\building |
blocks). |\Exponential |\growth |\doubles |(or |\increases |\by |\a |\certain |
multiple) |\in |\each |\time |\period, |\forming |\a |\curve |\that |\becomes |\steeper |
over |\time |\when |\graphed |(like |\the |\number |\of |\combinatorial |\choices). |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔true Which |\one |\is |\correct. |\The |\logarithm |\is |\the |\inverse |\operation |\to Correct |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔exponentiation. What |\is |\the |\basic/fundamental |\notion |\of |\why |\things |\become |\faster |
and |\faster? radio_button_checked Correct |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔because |\new |\things |\stem |\from |\new |
combinations |\and |\combinatorics |\are |\exponential Gasoline-driven |\cars |\have |\become |\ever |\more |\fuel |\efficient |\over |
recent |\decades. |\This |\is |\an |\example |\of:
continuous |\innovation Correct |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔continuous |\innovation Wait, |\how |\can |\the |\same |"aircraft |\technology" |\show |\two |\different |
trajectories? radio_button_checked Correct |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔a |\fast |\aircraft |\satisfies |\a |\different |
need |\than |\a |\big |\aircraft, |\so, |\per |\our |\definition, |\taken |\it |\seriously, |\they |\are |\actually |\two |\different |\technologies... Exponential |\growth |\can |\always |\be |\represented |\as |\a |"doubling |\logic". |
Doubling |\means |\you |\multiply |\what |\you |\have |\by |\2. As |\you |\double |\several |\times |(in |\a |"doubling |\process"), |\you |\have |
several |\2222... |(you |\double |\what |\you |\had |\previously |\doubled, |\etc), |\which |\becomes |\exponential |(2222 |= |\2^4). |\As |\such, |\since |\the |
logarithm |\is |\the |\inverse |\of |\the |\exponential, |\you |\can |\always |\take |\the |
logarithm |\of |\base |\ 2 |\to |\obtain |\the |\number |\of |\times |\the |\doubling |
occurred. Since |\you |\can |\always |\take |\the |\logarithm |\of |\base |\ 2 |(just |\type |\it |\into |
your |\calculator), |\you |\can |\always |\express |\a |\process |\that |\grows |
exponentially |\in |\a |\doubling |\logic. |\If |\that |\doesn't |\make |\sense, |\please |\
Correct |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔technology |\becomes |\better |& |\it |
diffuses |\through |\societies The |\digital |\divide |\creates |\a |\new |\kind |\of |\inequality |\we |\need |\to |\learn |
how |\to |\live |\with. |\It |\consists |\of |\an |\inequality |\with |\regard |\to: radio_button_checked Correct |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔digital |\information |\and |\knowledge The |\lengths |\of |\these |\kinds |\of |\long |\waves |\of |\societal |\evolution: becomes |\shorter |\and |\shorter Correct |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔becomes |\shorter |\and |\shorter The |\impact |\of |\technology |\on |\societal |\evolution |\started |\with |\the |
industrial |\revolution. radio_button_checked False Correct |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔False
Wait, |\before |\that: |\which |\of |\the |\following |\is |\the |\correct |\order |\of |\the |
various |\phases |\of |\progress |\during |\industrialization |\as |\per |\the |\theory |
of |\long |\waves |\as |\presented |\here? radio_button_unchecked steam-power |=> |\electric |\power |=> |\combustion |\power Correct |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔steam-power |=> |\electric |\power |=> |
combustion |\power We |\talked |\about |"exponential |\growth" |\and |"doubling |\rates" |\in |\our |
previous |\lecture |\on |\technological |\progress: |\https://youtu.be/Lq- SAzzuJjs?t= Now, |\thinking |\a |\bit |\more |\about |\the |(high |\school |\level) |\math: |\why |
does |\a |"constant |\growth |\rate" |\of |\ 3 |% |\per |\year |\make |\the |\process |"exponential"? r |- |\CORRECT |\ANSWERS |\✔✔Because |\it |\multiplies |\in |\each |\period |\with |
1.03: |\it |\keeps |\what |\it |\has |(times |\1) |& |\additionally, |\grows |\by |\ 3 |\parts |\of |\ 100 |(3 |\per-cent) Correct So |\if |\you'd |\take |\the |\logarithm |\of |\base |\1.03 |\you |\could |\identify |\the |
number |\of |\multiplications |(the |\logarithm |\is |\the |\inverse |\operation |\of |
the |\exponential, |\remember?). |\For |\example, |\over |\three |\years, |\you'd |\
