Download Communication Theories: A Q&A Review of Key Concepts and Models and more Exams Communication in PDF only on Docsity!
CMN 3109 MIDTERM TEST WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION
Three axioms of theory (1) - ANSWER an attempt to explain our experience of the world
three axioms of theory (2) - ANSWER if the explanation theory offers doesn't match our experience, it's bad theory
three axioms of theory (3) - ANSWER we must refine our explanation to replace bad theory with better theory
what is theory - ANSWER an explanation of our experience of the world
theory (carey) - ANSWER we can see communication as transmission or ritual, the model we choose influences how we explain communication
theory (craig) - ANSWER we don't choose between transmission and ritual, instead we identify where different traditions agree and disagree
transmission model - ANSWER picturing communication as a transfer of meaning by a source sending a message through a channel to a receiver, giving information to others
communication as transmission - ANSWER carrier pigeons, sos, sonar
ritual model - ANSWER directed not toward the extension of messages in space but toward the maintenance of society in time, not the act of imparting information but the representation of shared beliefs
ritual uses of communication - ANSWER newspapers, nonverbal choices, class
production of reality - ANSWER reality is brought into existence by communication by the construction, apprehension, and utilization of symbolic form
maintenance of reality - ANSWER we must maintain what we have produced, there are always new generations coming along for whom our productions are incipiently problematic
repair of reality - ANSWER reality must be repaired for it consistently breaks down, people get lost physically and spiritually, communications helps rebuild that
transformation of reality - ANSWER we must toss away our authoritative representations of reality and begin to build the world anew
what does carey mean by theory - ANSWER theory is a model (both of and for)
what does carey mean by communication - ANSWER theory prompts us to see certain things about communication but not others
model of and model for - ANSWER in one mode communication models tell us what the process is, in their second model they produce the behaviour they have described
talking about talking - ANSWER communication is not only something we do but something we refer to reflexively in ways that are practically intertwined with our doing of it
what is cultural translation (2) - ANSWER whose meaning derives from a shared interpretation of the world
what is cultural translation (3) - ANSWER through conversation and exchange
dehumanizing university - ANSWER increasingly follows the logic of business, penalizes curiosity, privileges extrinsic motivation
the culture industry - ANSWER tells us what to think and makes us think it is our idea to do so
the hard work of thinking - ANSWER max horkheimer and theodor adorno, two styles
hard work of thinking style 1 - ANSWER an artists statement in the face of the world as its forces overwhelm and negate us
hard work of thinking style 2 - ANSWER routinized elements that act like and artist's brand
style in the culture industry - ANSWER involuntarily syncopates and condescends to start on the beat only with a superior smile, a system of no culture
genuine style - ANSWER best work is done by artists who adopted style as a rigor to set against the chaotic expression of suffering as a negative truth
hard work of thinking (children) - ANSWER since there are a finite number of literal children out there, with limited disposable income and short attention spans hollywood must make or find new ones. studios have carried out mass infantillizafiob
theory as techne or craft - ANSWER practice of theory, repetition of skill, practice of trade
how to read theory - ANSWER identify what questions the author is looking to answer, identify arguments made to answer those questions, identify critiques we can offer to the author
strategies of misreading - ANSWER what we can and can't know (authors mind vs the words we have in front of us)
parallax view - ANSWER we will walk around a text, offer interpretation that
destination (weavers model) - ANSWER where message goes
encoding/decoding (hall) - ANSWER argues that communication is not a one way process, but rather a complex process of encoding and decoding messages
three elements to encoding/decoding model - ANSWER production of the message, transmission of the message, reception and decoding of the message by the audience
three ways to decode media - ANSWER dominant or preferred reading, negotiated reading, oppositional reading
dominant or preferred reading - ANSWER audience interprets the message in the way that the producer intended
negotiated reading - ANSWER in which the audience accepts some elements of the message but also adapts it to their own experience and beliefs
oppositional reading - ANSWER audience rejects the intended message and interprets it in a way that opposes the dominant ideology
intro to political economy (marx) - ANSWER production and consumption are two sides of the same coin, consumption necessarily implies production
marx's insight - ANSWER production and consumption were interrelated where the objects produced become meaningful only with consumption
shannon and weaver - ANSWER translation of message
hall - ANSWER circulation of meaning
central questions of semiotics - ANSWER how does one thing come to stand in for another thing for one person?
specific questions of semiotics - ANSWER what does this image depict? what associations does it evoke? for who? how does it evoke them?
robert craig semiotics - ANSWER one of the seven traditions of communication theory
charles peirce semiotics - ANSWER a subdiscipline of psychology
politics of invention
axiom of semiotics (1) - ANSWER use a sign and transform it (stop sign) pair of material and subjective parts
axiom of semiotics (2) - ANSWER to transform a sign is to translate it, substitution of one sign for another
axiom of semiotics (3) - ANSWER communication is translation
how does language shape thought - ANSWER vehicle to carry the contents of the world, shapes our experiences of the world, our experience of the world shapes language
logic is universal - ANSWER applies to everyone, like math
critique - ANSWER what appears as universal is in fact cultural
sapir-whorf thesis - ANSWER the idea that people see and understand the world through the cultural lens of language
primacy of language - ANSWER human beings are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society
primacy of language (2) - ANSWER language is the shaper of ideas and guide for the individuals mental activity
egocentric orientation - ANSWER depend on our own bodies, a left right axis and a front back axis orthogonal to it
geographic orientation - ANSWER uses fixed coordinates and geographic directions which do not rotate
linguistic relativism - ANSWER language imposes a way to interpret the world, but it is not ironclad
bakhtin and linguistic relativism - ANSWER presumes listeners are passive, act as if only speakers matter. listeners actively influence speakers
if language shapes thought... - ANSWER then we can control what others think by controlling the language they use
