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A valuable resource for students studying criminology, offering a series of multiple-choice questions and answers covering key concepts in cybercrime and conservation crime. the questions delve into various aspects of these fields, including types of cybercrime, investigation methods, and the challenges in defining and addressing conservation crimes. the answers provide insightful explanations, enhancing understanding of complex issues within the subject matter.
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Intellectual property
Extortion
Drugs
Parental kidnapping/abduction is defined as the "taking, retention or concealment of a child and normally involves a. as a ."
Parent, abductor
High-net-worth individuals are normally protected and therefore this form of kidnapping involves.
Detailed, planning and skilled criminals
Undocumented migrants enter South Africa illegally at the Northern border, close to Musina. What type of kidnapping is expected once they get into the South African soil?
Zimbabwe Migrant taxi kidnapping
What do virtual kidnappers use to "abduct" their victims?
Soical media platforms
Many ecological effects can result from stimulating primary production, but there are three especially troublesome ecological impacts: reduced biodiversity, altered species composition and dominance and __ effects.
Toxicity
Society is generally less responsive towards natural resources crime issues and has, over the years to a large extent been increasingly desensitized towards it through widespread concern over rampant __ criminal activities
Conventional
Civid 19 signatures have recently been detwcted in the following
Sewage samples
The development of further crime such as culpable homicide, or even murder where dolus __ is a factor will result from humans consuming polluted water or toxic organisms
Evantualis
The following are the principal components of conservative crime
Biotic and abiotic
Cybercrime
is an extension or offshoot of so-called white-collar crime.
Tricking someone into helping an unauthorized person to gain access to the IT system
Cybermanipulation
The foundational linking thread behind cybercrime lies firmly as being termed
Electronic theft
Cyberbullying is rampant amongs __ where social media sites and cellphones are used to target a child with malicious intent to ruin his or her reputation
Adolescents
is an individual who seeks and exploits weaknesses in a computer system or computer network
Hacker
On the other hand,__ is a virtual environment in which values preponderantly attached to ideas rather than to traditional, phsical property
Cyberspace
According to the SAPS, aggravated robbery is what type of crime?
Theft-related
Herbig 2014 submits that the mind-set of many South Africans has to a large extent been subdued by widespread concern about extensive. criminal activity that most citizens regard as more serious than offences against natural resources or nature conservation.
Ordinary
According to the South African Stock Theft Act no. 57 of 1959, stock is defined as "any horse, mule, ass, bull, cow, ox, heifer, calf, sheep, goat, pig, ., domesticated ostrich, domesticated game or the carcase or portion of the carcase of any such stock".Poultry
The concept/term "environmental crime/criminology" is conventionally understood or thought to refer only to a preoccupation with the study of the spatial distribution of crime and allied issues. Which combination of options lends credence to this assertion?
Select the best combination of options:
A. The term "environmental criminology" is a logical and august referral to the study of zoning and distribution of crime, not to the study of crime involving natural resources per se
C. Environmental crime or criminology, as a concept incorporating crime zoning, spatial distribution and geographies of crime within the criminological vocabulary can be regarded as a priori knowledge
D. The most cursory investigation of the term "environmental crime" will reveal that this was expertly, and originally constructed and deposited, to solidify the study of crime and criminality within a context other than that related to the study of natural resource crime.
Which one of the following ensures that the phenomena are studied appropriately and the results become reliable?
Equivalence of research focus
This type of kidnapping includes two types of crime. First of all, it is the kidnapping of any person. The second crime is to force the kidnapped person to commit a crime on behalf of the perpetrators.
Tiger kidnapping
applied in recent years.
Environmental crime
A postmodern criminology, relevant to the 21st century, would have the intellectual breadth and constitutional space to embrace. and. issues holistically (and sustainably).
Conservation, social
Conservation Crime: The term herpetofauna refers to:
Reptiles and amphibians
Green criminology is that branch of study that is interested in the interrelationship between criminals and the. environment surrounding them.
Physical
Which of the following combinations of paraphrased options best captures the definition of conservation crime according to Herbig and Joubert's 2006 definition?
A. It is possible to define conservation crime as any intentional or negligent human activity or manipulation that negatively impacts the biodiversity of the planet, causing either immediately recognizable or unrecognized-instantly-but-after-a-while natural resource damage of whatever magnitude.
C. Conservation crime is defined herein as any intentional or injudicious human action or manipulation which adversely impacts on the earth's biotic and/or abiotic natural resources, resulting in visible or temporarily hidden natural resource trauma of whatever magnitude.
D. The crime of conservation can be defined as: Any intentional or negligent human activity or practice that has an adverse consequence on the world's biotic and/or abiotic natural resources, causing immediately observable or subtle-only observable with the passage of time-trauma to natural resources of any magnitude.
Contributory factors attributed to the rapid increase-over the years, i.e., 2014-2017-of business robberies was the deteriorating quality of policing because of political interference and constant reshuffling of the ministerial cabinet, which resulted in the
SAPS being led by. ministers over a short period of time.
Various
Superficial use of which term, to describe the study of crime and criminality in respect of natural resources and allied environmental issues does not appear to be out of place?
Environmental crime
In terms of robbery at residential premises, .households were reported in the 2019 VOCS as being the predominant targets for home robberies
Female headed
Which of the following terms was quite arbitrarily adopted by some criminological researchers and used to describe research related to natural resource crimes regardless of what meaning was originally given to the term?
Environmental crime
Due to what factor, cybercrime has grown exponentially over the last two decades, in that is has given way to the global dissemination and ease of access to information.
Wi-fi
Although victim responses to. differs from individual to individual, there seems to be consensus among researchers, and across literature, that the general impacts are financial loss, physical injuries sustained during the incident as well as psychological and social consequences
Aggravated robbery
deprivation of a persons liberty
Which of the following crimes is undeniably one of the most fashionable terms in use today to explain criminological enquiry into the field of natural resources and related issues?
Environmental crime
The issues to which. and crime analysis have been applied in recent years include terrorism, internet fraud, internet child pornography, organised crime, and smuggling of immigrants.
Environmental crime