Coagulation Disorders: Understanding the Clotting Factors and Diagnostic Tests, Exercises of Health sciences

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Week 1 Case Study: Coagulation Chamberlain University BIOS 255: Anatomy & Physiology III

Discuss Which Clotting Factors the PT & PTT Test Evaluate & Whether Each Test Measures the Intrinsic or the Extrinsic Pathways : Coagulation disorders are typically diagnosed using two laboratory tests Prothrombin Time (PT) & Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT). PT assesses the extrinsic systems integrity as well as variables that may be common to both systems. Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) assesses the intrinsic systems integrity as well as common components. A PT test of 11- seconds, means that the person has normal levels of clotting factors (depends on the kind of thromboplastin that was used). PTT evaluates the intrinsic systems (factors XII, XI, VIII, IX) as well as common pathway integrity. PT measures the extrinsic pathway and PTT measures the intrinsic pathway. Describe the Common Coagulation Pathway: The common coagulation pathway consists of activation events that stem from the formation of factor X (activate) to the formation of thrombin (active). This process begins with factor X and then becomes factor Xa. The activation process of factor Xa can be very difficult. This difficult process divides factor X into factor Xa. This process is known as tenase. There are two forms of tenase which include, the extrinsic tenase that contains factors VII, factor III, and Ca2+. The second form is intrinsic tenase which contains cofactor factor factor (VIIIa), active factor IX (IXa), a phospholipid & Ca2+. This changes factor II into factor IIa once it’s activated to factor Xa which is known as thrombin. In order for factor Xa to be divided from prothrombin to thrombin, it needs factor V to be its cofactor. After this, factor IIa then goes ahead and