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this is study notes.it contain the colour theory,colour wheels colour diagrams,some definitions with images
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A. INTRODUCTION (COLOUR) B. PRIMARY COLOURS C. SECONDARY COLOURS D. TERTIARY COLOURS E. NEUTRAL COLOURS F. COLOUR WHEEL G. COOL COLOURS H. WARM COLOURS I. MONOCROMATIC COLOUR SCHEME J. ACROMATIC COLOUR SCHEME K. COMPLEMENTRY COLOUR SCHEME L. DOUBLE COMPLEMENTRY COLOUR SCHEME M. SPLIT COMPLEMENTRY COLOUR SCHEME N. DOUBLE SPLIT COMPLEMENTRY COLOUR SCHEME O. PHYCHOLOGY OF COLOUR
Colour, also spelled color, the aspect of any object that may be described in terms of hue, lightness, and saturation. In physics, colour is associated specically with electromagnetic radiation of a certain range of wavelengths visible to the human eye. Radiation of such wavelengths constitutes that portion of the electromagnetic spectrum known as the visible spectrum—i.e., light. An object appears coloured because of the way it interacts with light. The analysis of this interaction and the factors that determine it are the concerns of the physics of colour. The physiology of colour involves the eye’s and the brain’s responses to light and the sensory data they produce. The psychology of colour is invoked when the mind processes visual data, compares it with information stored in memory, and interprets it as colour. When presenting a design or an idea your choice of colours is very important. Many surveys have been carried out on the general public to find out what people like. The findings suggest that very young children like bright, vibrant colours (reds, yellows and oranges etc...) whilst older people like more gentle or sophisticated colours and tones such as shades of blue. It is very important for a designer to understand the way colours are put together/created as this may help
The colour wheel can be seen below and this can be used to help remember primary and secondary colours. The secondary colours are in between the primary colours - for example - between red and blue is purple. Quite simply, mixing the primary colours of red and blue paint together will produce the secondary colour purple. TERTIARY COLOURS
When a primary colour is mixed with its closest secondary colour, a tertiary colour is produced. The combination of primary and secondary colours is known as tertiary or intermediate colours, due to their compound nature. Blue-green, blue-violet, red-orange, red-violet, yellow-orange, and yellow-green are colour combinations you can make from colour mixing. On a colour wheel, tertiary colours are between primary and secondary colours. NEUTRAL COLOURS Neutral colours can be defined as those colours to which you can't give a definite colour name. These colours include beige, cream, ivory, white, grey, brown and natural wood. While neutral colours are not on the colour wheel, they complement primary and secondary colours. Neutral colours can be complex in tone, as mixing different colours creates unique shades
each other. Color theory also involves the messages colors communicate; and the methods used to replicate color. In color theory, colors are organized on a color wheel and grouped into 3 categories: primary colors, secondary colors and tertiary colors.
The colour wheel was invented in 1666 by Isaac Newton, who mapped the colour spectrum onto a circle. The colour wheel is the basis of colour theory, because it shows the relationship between colours. Colour combinations determine the relative positions of different colours in order to find colours that create a pleasing effect. There are two main methods of producing colour, subtractive or additive. It all comes back to light and the way our eyes interpret it to see colour. An additive colour wheel reflects how different wavelengths of lights can create visible colour. The subtractive colour wheel shows us how a colour looks to us when white light, such as sunlight, reflects off of an object. Artists often use the color wheel to help understand how colors relate to one another WARM AND COOL COLOURS
The color wheel can also be divided into warm and cool colors. The warmth or coolness of a color is also known as its color temperature. The color combinations found on a color wheel often have a balance of warm and cool colors. According to color psychology, different color temperatures evoke different feelings. For example, warm colors are said to bring to mind coziness and energy, while cool colors are associated with serenity and isolation. Warm colors are the colors from red through to yellow. These colors are said to bring to mind warmth, like the sun. Cool colors are the colors from blue to green and purple. These colors are said to bring to mind coolness, like water. MONOCHROMATIC COLOURS A monochromatic color scheme is a color palette in which a single color tint is used as the basis for all shades and hues found within the image. The shade of color is varied by changes made to the saturation and/or brightness of the base color. White and black are always present as the two extremes on either end of the spectrum for whichever color is chosen for the monochromatic color scheme.
Complementary color scheme is based on the use of two colors directly across from each other on the color wheel and relevant tints of those colors. The complementary color scheme provides the greatest amount of color contrast. Because of this, you should be careful about how you use the complementary colors in a scheme.Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: Modern color theory uses either the RGB additive color model or the CMY subtractive color model, and in these, the complementary pairs are red–cyan, green–magenta, and blue–yellow. In the traditional RYB color model, the complementary color pairs are red– green, yellow–purple, and blue–orange. Opponent process theory suggests that the most contrasting color pairs are red–green, and blue–yellow. The black-white color pair is common to all the above theories. DOUBLE COMPLEMENTRY COLOUR
. A double complementary scheme is when two hues (colors) are next to each other on the color wheel and are paired with two adjacent hues on the opposite side. This overall creates a color palette of four hues that are adjacent but opposite such as blue-green, blue, orange, and red-orange. SPLIT COMPLEMENTRY COLOUR A split complementary scheme involves the use of three colors. Start with one color, find its complement and then use the two colors on either side of it. For example, the complement of blue-green is red-orange and the split complement of blue-green would be red and orange. DOUBLE SPLIT COMPLEMENTRY COLOUR
A triadic color scheme is comprised of three colors evenly spaced on the color wheel. The two most basic triadic palettes are the primary colors red, blue, and yellow, and the secondary hues orange, purple, and green. SQUARE COLOUR In a Square color harmony we use a combination of four colors equally spaced around the color wheel. For example: orange, yellow-green, blue and violet. These colors form a square on the color wheel, with each color being spaced two colors apart from the the other colors. PSYCHOLOGY OF COLOURS
Red is the color of fire. It is associated with energy, war, danger, strength, power, determination and love. Red is a very emotionally intense color. It enhances human metabolism, increases respiration rate, and raises blood pressure. It has very high visibility, which is why stop signs, stoplights, and fire equipment are usually painted red. It is a color found in many national flags. Red brings text and images to the foreground. Use it as an accent color to stimulate people to make quick decisions; it is a perfect color for 'Buy Now' or 'Click Here' buttons on Internet banners and websites. Red is widely used to indicate danger (high voltage signs, traffic lights). B. BLUE Blue is the color of the sky and sea. It symbolizes trust, loyalty, wisdom, confidence, intelligence, and truth. Blue is considered beneficial to the mind and body. It slows human metabolism and produces a calming effect. Blue is strongly associated with tranquility and calmness. Blue is used to promote products and services related to cleanliness (water purification filters, cleaning liquids), air and sky (airlines, airports, air conditioners), water and sea (sea voyages, mineral water). When used together with warm colors like yellow or red, blue can create highimpact, vibrant designs; for example, blue-yellow-red is a perfect color scheme for a superhero. C. YELLOW Yellow is the color of sunshine. It's associated with joy, happiness, intellect, and energy. Yellow produces a warming effect, arouses cheerfulness, stimulates mental activity, and generates muscle energy. Yellow is often associated with food. Bright, pure yellow is an attention getter, which is the reason taxicabs
Green is directly related to nature, so you can use it to promote 'green' products. Dull, darker green is commonly associated with money, the financial world, banking, and Wall Street. Dark green is associated with ambition, greed, and jealousy. Olive green is the traditional color of peace. F. PURPLE Purple combines the stability of blue and the energy of red. Purple is associated with royalty. It symbolizes power, nobility, luxury, and ambition. It conveys wealth and extravagance. Purple is associated with wisdom, dignity, independence, creativity, mystery, and magic. According to surveys, almost 75 percent of pre-adolescent children prefer purple to all other colors. Purple is a very rare color in nature; some people consider it to be artificial. G. WHITE White is associated with light, goodness, and innocence. It is considered to be the color of perfection. White means safety, purity, and cleanliness. As opposed to black, white usually has a positive connotation. White can represent a successful beginning. White is associated with hospitals, doctors, and sterility. White is also often associated with low weight, low-fat food, and dairy products. H. BLACK Black is associated with power, elegance, death, evil, and mystery. Black is a mysterious color associated with fear and the unknown (black holes). Black denotes strength and authority; it is considered to be a very formal, elegant, and prestigious color (black tie event). Black gives the feeling of perspective and depth. When designing for a gallery of art or photography, you can use a black or gray background to
make the other colors stand out. Black contrasts well with bright colors. Combined with red or orange – other very powerful colors – black gives a very aggressive color scheme. PROPERTIES OF COLOUR HUE, which is the name of a color. For example, red, yellow, blue are hues. INTENSITY, which refers to the brightness and purity of a color. For example, bright red or dull red. Intensity refers to the brightness or dullness of a color. An example is bright red (or dull red). ● When a hue is strong and bright, it is said to be high in intensity. When a color is faint, dull and gray, it is said to be low in intensity. VALUE, which refers to the lightness or darkness of a color.Value is the lightness or darkness of a color.
