Partial preview of the text
Download CPAER Canada Aviation Formulas & Calculations with Approved Answers | 100% Correct| Latest and more Exams Aviation in PDF only on Docsity!
CPAERi,-Canadai,-Aviationi,-Formulasi,-&i,-
Calculationsi,-withi,-Approvedi,-Answersi,-|i,-
100%i,-Correct|i,-Latesti,-2025/2026.
Bearingi,-toi,-stationi,-=i,-i,- i,-Magnetici,-headingi,-+i,-Relativei,-bearing
Bearingi,-fromi,-stationi,-=i,-i,- i,-Bearingi,-toi,-stationi,-+/-i,- 180 º
VORi,-rangei,-(nm)i,-=i,-i,- i,-1.25i,-*i,-√feeti,-AGL
Crosswindi,-limitationi,-=i,-i,- i,-20%i,-ofi,-stalli,-speedi,-(0.2i,-*i,-stalli,-speed)
Ratei,-onei,-turni,-bankºi,-=i,-i,- i,-10%i,-ofi,-IASi,-+i,- 7 i,-knotsi,-(0.1i,-*i,-IASi,-theni,-+i,-
Non-rotatingi,-tirei,-hydroplanei,-speedi,-=i,-i,- i,-7.7i,-*i,-√tirei,-pressurei,-
(psi)
Timei,-toi,-VORi,-(minutes)i,-=i,-i,- i,-Timei,-ini,-secondsi,-/i,-numberi,-ofi,-radialsi,-
crossed
Openingi,-anglei,-=i,-i,- i,-(Distancei,-offi,-tracki,-(nm)i,-/i,-distancei,-flowni,-
(nm))i,-*i,- 60
Closingi,-anglei,-=i,-i,- i,-(Distancei,-offi,-tracki,-(nm)i,-/i,-distancei,-remainingi,-
(nm))i,-*i,- 60
1 i,-ini,- 60 i,-rulei,-=i,-i,- i,-Openingi,-anglei,-+i,-closingi,-angle
Rotatingi,-tirei,-hydroplanei,-speedi,-=i,-i,- i,- 9 i,-*i,-√tirei,-pressurei,-(psi)
Relativei,-bearingi,-=i,-i,- i,-Bearingi,-toi,-stationi,--i,-Magnetici,-heading
Magnetici,-headingi,-=i,-i,- i,-Bearingi,-toi,-stationi,--i,-Relativei,-bearing
Stalli,-speedi,-ini,-ai,-turni,-=i,-i,- i,-Vsi,-(stalli,-speedi,-clean)i,-*i,-√loadi,-factori,-ini,-
turn
Distancei,-offi,-coursei,-=i,-i,- i,-(Openingi,-anglei,-/i,-60)i,-*i,-distancei,-flown
Distancei,-toi,-stationi,-(VOR)i,-=i,-i,- i,-(TASi,-*i,-timei,-toi,-station)i,-/i,- 60
Convectivei,-cloudi,-basei,-=i,-i,- i,-(Temperaturei,--i,-dewpoint)i,-/i,-2.
Howi,-muchi,-doesi,-ai,-galloni,-ofi,-jeti,-fueli,-weigh?i,-i,- i,- 7 i,-lbs
Howi,-doi,-youi,-determinei,-RBi,-wheni,-MHi,-andi,-BTSi,-isi,-known?i,-i,- i,-BTS-
MH=i,-RB
Wherei,-isi,-thei,-Areai,-ofi,-ambiguityi,-located?i,-i,- i,- 90 i,-degreesi,-bothi,-
directioni,-ofi,-ai,-selectedi,-Radial
Usingi,-thei,-Rulei,-ofi,- 1 i,-andi,- 60 i,-howi,-youi,-determinei,-howi,-manyi,-
degreesi,-offi,-tracki,-ani,-ACi,-is?i,-i,- i,-Milesi,-offi,-track/Milesi,-flowni,-Xi,- 60
Whati,-isi,-thei,-VORi,-maxi,-receptioni,-distancei,-formula?i,-i,- i,-1.25i,-xi,-
SQRTi,-ofi,-AGL
Whati,-isi,-thei,-formulai,-fori,-determiningi,-thei,-descenti,-ratei,-oni,-ai,-3%i,-
glidei,-slopei,-fori,-ai,-giveni,-groundi,-speed?i,-i,- i,-GSi,-xi,- 5 i,-(100i,-xi,- 5 i,-=i,-500).
Whati,-isi,-thei,-formulai,-toi,-determinei,-distancei,-toi,-VOR?i,-i,- i,-Distancei,-
toi,-thei,-stationi,-=i,-(Groundspeedi,-*i,-timei,-ini,-minutes)i,-/i,-degreesi,-ofi,-
bearingi,-change
Howi,-toi,-determinei,-timei,-toi,-VOR?i,-i,- i,-time/radials=i,-%i,-ofi,-ani,-houri,-
(eg:i,- 3 i,-minutes/12i,-degrees=.25i,-houri,-ori,- 15 i,-minutes)
Formulai,-toi,-converti,-climbi,-gradienti,-intoi,-FPM?i,-i,- i,- 60 i,-(minutes)/GSi,-
=X
Climbi,-gradient/xi,-=i,-FPM
Criticali,-Pointi,-(CP)i,-Calculationi,-(fromi,-destination)i,-i,- i,-CPi,-(distancei,-
fromi,-destination)=i,-(totali,-Distancei,-Xi,-GSi,-out)/(GSi,-outi,-+i,-GSi,-Back)
Speedi,-ofi,-Soundi,-i,- i,-39xi,-SQRTi,-ofi,-Tempi,-ini,-Calvini,-(C+273)
Specifici,-groundi,-rangei,-(SGR)i,-i,- i,-GSi,-/i,-fueli,-flow
Specifici,-Airi,-Rangei,-(SAR)i,-i,- i,-TAS/fueli,-flow
Maximumi,-Rangei,-(Rulei,-ofi,-thumb)i,-twini,-enginei,-i,- i,-1.7*Vsi,-=i,-KCAS
Iti,-isi,-falsei,-wheni,-flyingi,-intoi,-ai,-strongi,-headwindi,-that
Selecti,-one:
a.ai,-roundi,-tripi,-flighti,-willi,-canceli,-outi,-thei,-effecti,-ofi,-ai,-headwind.
b.descendingi,-toi,-ai,-loweri,-altitudei,-generallyi,-decreasesi,-thei,-strengthi,-
ofi,-thei,-wind.
c.rangei,-willi,-bei,-reduced.
