Download CPDT-KA Exam Study Guide: Comprehensive Questions and Answers and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity!
CPDT-KA EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE ANSWERS (A+) LATEST UPDATE
Coppinger's theory is that dogs evolved by ________ ___________, not ________ _________ -ANSWER natural selection, artifical selection
According to Coppinger, proto-wolves genetically predisposed to show _______________.- ANSWER less flight distance than regular wolves
New niche wolves gained _________ ________ for living with humans over regular wolves -ANSWER selective advantage
Wild animals can be tamed by patient handling and socialization but they can't beconsidered domesticated until _____________. - ANSWER they undergo extensive biological and behavioral changes resulting from selective breeding over manygenerations.
The foxes "tamed" in the Russian experiment retained care soliciting behaviors, T or F? -ANSWER true, barking increased, play increased.
Neoteny is the retention of _________ - ANSWER juvenile traits in adults The effectiveness of rabies vaccine on wolf hybrids is not clear, T or F? - ANSWER True,this might be reason not to allow wolf-dog hybrid into your classes.
Phylogeny is the _____________. - ANSWER evolutionary history of an organism. Phylogenic behaviors are behaviors ________. - ANSWER common to the dog as aspecies, they have developed over generations
Examples of phylogenic behaviors in dogs - ANSWER fear of fire, fear of loud noises Coppinger maintains that all dog behavior can be put into one of three differentmotivations: - ANSWER food acquisition, hazard avoidance, reproductive behaviors
Phylogenic behavior can or cannot be modified? - ANSWER it can A FAP is a stereotypic ______ ________ that is relatively _______ ___ _____. - ANSWERmovement pattern, constant in form
A trigger is needed to initiate an FAP, T or F? - ANSWER true Ontogenetic behaviors ____________. - ANSWER develop over the lifetime of an individualdog
Ontogenetic behavior is a response to ______ influences, in other words, it is _______. -ANSWER environmental, learned
Coppinger says dog is the result of nature/nurture plus experiences that ________. -ANSWER occur between the onset and offset of critical periods
Instinctive drift coined by ______. Principle that whenever an animal has stronginstinctive behavior, organism will ____ to toward the ____ behavior to the detriment of the conditioned behavior. - ANSWER Brelands; drift Dogs become capable of breeding as early as ____ months but they may not bebehaviorially mature until _______ years. - ANSWER six, one or two years
Spaying reduces the aggression level in females, T or F? - ANSWER False, it mayactually increase it.
If the cerebral cortex is engaged, the ___ ___ is likely to be inhibited. - ANSWER limbicsystem
Social hierarchy is ____. - ANSWER flexible A dominant dog is aggressive, T or F? - ANSWER false, dog can be dom but notaggressive or aggressive but not dominant
Ranking of individuals is best described as a ____ hierarchy rather than as a ____hierarchy. - ANSWER subordinate vs dominant
Dogs have red cones in their eyes, T or F? - ANSWER false. Dog sees different combinations of the same _____ colors. What are the colors? -ANSWER two; yellow and blue
When showing teeth as an offensive threat, the dog's lips _____ _____; defensive threat,lips _____ _______. - ANSWER retract vertically; retract horizontally
Primitive scenting organ located in the roof of the mouth where the teeth meet softpalate is known as ________ or organ. - ANSWER vomeronasal or Jacobson
The Flehmen response is a ____ of the _____. It is intended to give dog _______information about it's environment - ANSWER flick of the tongue; olfactory
Meta signals ____ the behavior that follows. - ANSWER qualify, the wink-wink An example of a meta-signal? - ANSWER play bow
Hackles or _____ indicate ______. Can it ever be friendly? - ANSWER piloerection;arousal. Yes!
_____ paws can be a sign of stress. - ANSWER sweaty Shedding and dandruff can be a sign of _______. - ANSWER stress Displacement behavior indicates that a dog is in ______ or ____ and trying to ____. -ANSWER conflict or frustrated; hold it together
Common displacement behaviors are ____, ____ and ____. - ANSWER lip licking, yawningand scratching
When dogs perform displacement behaviors, they tend to do them at a ____ ratecompared to other motivations. - ANSWER higher, like yawning, will yawn several times
Dr. Suzanne Hetts separates "calming signals" into at least 3 groups of behaviors thatinclude: - ANSWER appeasement, displacement, submission
List at least 4 calming signals: - ANSWER sniffing, yawning, lip licking, turning away,blinking, splitting dog walking in between two dogs
Agonistic behaviors are behaviors: - ANSWER used in response to social conflict orcompetitive encounters
Examples of agonistic behaviors: there are 5 - ANSWER avoidance, appeasement,submission, threats of aggression, aggression
Calming signals also known as - ANSWER appeasement
Three things about a Level 4 bite: - ANSWER more than half the length of canine teeth,severe bruising, and/or dog bit and shook
99 percent of bites are levels: - ANSWER 1- Puppies should start their vaccination program between ___ and ___ weeks. - ANSWER6-
Puppies should start group classes ___ to ___ weeks after receiving their ____ dose ofvaccine for parvo, distemper and adenovirus. - ANSWER 1 to 2
Vaccines are attenuated versions of the real thing, T or F? - ANSWER true Core vaccines are those that are ________. - ANSWER recommended for all dogs Rabies can't be given younger than _______ of age. - ANSWER 12 weeks of age Non-core vaccines are defined as: - ANSWER vaccines for dogs in certain geographicareas or for dogs engaged in certain activities.
If flea bites result in enough blood loss, dog can become ____. - ANSWER anemic Dogs often get colds, T or F? - ANSWER false, they don't get colds so be aware of anydog that is coughing.
Bleach solution effective in killing parvo: - ANSWER 1: Three things to do in training class to reduce possibility of disease: - ANSWER requireproof of immunization, clean clean clean, and refuse sick puppies
Gastrointestinal parasites can cause illness in people, T or F? - ANSWER true Heartworms can cause havoc in what 2 areas beside the heart? - ANSWER lungs andcirculation
Fleas may harbor _____ eggs. - ANSWER tapeworm Maintaining healthy body weight especially important for dogs that are active, T or F? -ANSWER true
Dogs at ideal body should have an ____ figure; ribs should be ___ but not seen. -ANSWER hourglass; felt
Neutering will calm the dog down, T or F? - ANSWER False Neutering reduces roaming less than it does urine marking or mounting or fighting withmale dogs, T or F? - ANSWER No, it reduces it more, 90 percent of neutered males roam less compared to 50-60 percent reduction in other behaviors Pyometra is _____ - ANSWER a life threatening uterine infection Spaying females can reduce uterine and mammary cancers, T or F? - ANSWER true Hydrocephalus results when excessive fluids _____. It can cause learning ____ andaggression. - ANSWER accumulates in the brain. delays and aggression
Overactivity of the thyroid gland is more common than underactivity, T or F? - ANSWERfalse, underactivity is more common. This is called hypothyrodism.
When you allow kids and dog to interact, dog should be ______. - ANSWERdouble-leashed
The best resource for devising how to help a person with a disability is _____. - ANSWERthe person with a disability
One way to keep the students coming back to class is to ____. - ANSWER preview thenext class
When people resist change, you should _____. - ANSWER use new examples and demos.Don't take it personally. Also, let them take credit.
Two class options for people with fearful dogs: - ANSWER 1: invite family with dog as aspecial guest to the orientation. See how the dog does, assign an assistant to assist. 2: invite family with dog to advanced class, have assistant on hand to assist. 3: if dog needs more work, have family without dog attend beginner class. For disrupting dogs in class: - ANSWER Have assistant step in and work with dog at adistance. Maybe even a 30-minute private lesson. Then follow up with them about alternatives to class. What should you give overly nervous dogs in class? - ANSWER A "safe home base"where dog will never be surprised. No traffic behind it.
Deaf or blind dogs can be more _____ than other dogs and ___ be suitable to attendclasses. - ANSWER reactive; may or may not
Deaf dogs ____ their environments more than non-deaf dogs. - ANSWER scan It's possible to mainstream a deaf dog into classes with a _____. - ANSWER private
lesson Six things to do with blind dogs: - ANSWER 1: leashes and fences2: keep furniture in same place 3: mark the edges of furniture with a handy odor4: mark edge of steps with odor 5: wear bells 6: teach check-in behavior Females in heat should never be allowed into class, T or F? -ANSWER false, someinstructors allow them
Class policy for two dogs from same household? -ANSWER best not to have them inclass together
Two things if a contact-hang-on fight breaks out:-ANSWER 1: break it up 2: continue class First strategy to break up dog fight: - ANSWER loud noise, like banging pots, but noyelling/screaming.
Infectious diseases are caused by: - ANSWER bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi andrickettsia; cause illness
Zoonotic defined as: - ANSWER a disease that can be transmitted from animals tohumans
Bacteria are single celled _______ that cause _____. - ANSWER microorganisims; disease
recommended for show dogs, dogs who go to grooming salons and obedience classesetc.
Dogs fed a raw diet can be at risk for ______. - ANSWER salmonella Salmonella can cause acute _________ in dogs. - ANSWER infectious diarrhea Salmonella can remain alive for _______ in ____. - ANSWER months or years; soil ormanure
Salmonella is commonly spread by ______; or contact with _____. - ANSWER consumingraw or commercially-contaminated food; surfaces contaminated by diarrhea of infected dogs Symptoms of salmonella infection include: - ANSWER fever, vomiting and diarrhea In the case of salmonella, antibiotics are prescribed only for the most critically ill dogs.Why? - ANSWER Because many salmonella species are resistant to commonly used antibiotics; antibiotics can encourage the proliferation of resistant organisms. Name three zoonotic diseases: - ANSWER Leptospirosis; salmonella,campylobacteriosis
Campylobacteriosis is a disease that causes acute ______ in puppies, kenneled dogs andstrays. - ANSWER infectious diarrhea
What did the the first massive sequencing of maternal DNA in dogs establish in 1997? -ANSWER That there was no evidence that dogs had ancestors in any species other than the grey wolf. But there is a relative lack of data on paternal DNA. Animals with similar DNA are often drastically different, especially in terms of behavior,
T or F? - ANSWER true Human and dog DNA is identical for ___ percent of their length. - ANSWER 25 A tiny change in DNA can lead to a ______ change in behavior. - ANSWER huge Canids first evolved around ____ years ago in _______. - ANSWER six million; NorthAmerica
Canis was the ancestor to today's ____, ____ and ___. Evolved from Canids, canis spreadall the world by _____ years ago. - ANSWER dogs, wolves and jackels; 1.5 million
Most canis developed in _____; four were _____. The canis we're most interested in is______. It is also known as ______. - ANSWER Eurasia; jackels, the grey wolf aka Canis lupus, ancestor of the domestic dog Of the Eurasian canis, only one made it to North America. It was the ____. - ANSWERgrey wolf
The canid genome has been described as being rather ____, akin to a _____. - ANSWERflexible, social toolkit like a Swiss Army knife
The golden jackal might have been domesticated, they show considerable _____ in their___ arrangements. For instance, they can hunt _____ or in ____. - ANSWER flexibility; social; alone or in groups Two qualities found in wolves, which made them good candidates for domestication: -ANSWER 1: they are sociable animals 2: they are adaptable Theory of kin selection: - ANSWER doing a favor for close relative carries genetic
about half do Distemper tends to attack ____ cells and cells that ____ the surfaces of the body. -ANSWER brain; line
____ are often seen in distemper cases. - ANSWER Relapses Vaccinations against distemper are hit or miss, T or F? - ANSWER false, they are almost100 percent effective
Puppies should receive their distemper vaccination by __ weeks? - ANSWER 8 Herpes infection causes a variety of illnesses including _____ in puppies. - ANSWER afatal disease
All dogs should be vaccinated against herpes? - ANSWER false, there is no vaccine Herpes is usually fatal in dogs, T or F? - ANSWER false, outside of breeding, it usuallycauses a light respiratory infection
Canine hepatitis affects the _______, ____ and lining of the ____ _____. - ANSWER the liver,kidneys; blood vessels
Canine hepatitis is ___ in the US; it primarily affects ____ under ___. - ANSWER rare;puppies; 1 yr
Hepititis can be ____ or ____. - ANSWER mild; fatal There is a vaccination for hepititis, T or F? - ANSWER true
Rabid dogs can display two versions of the virus. - ANSWER 1: they act aggressively 2: they act "dumb"In either case, may drool due to paralysis of the muscles used for swollowing
A dog who is bitten by an animal who is not absolutely known to be free of rabies must____. - ANSWER be assumed to have been exposed to rabies
If human is bit by an animal of unknown rabies status, _____ greatly reduces chances ofinfection. - ANSWER washing wound vigorously
Dogs should be vaccinated against rabies ___ months, with a booster at age ___ andthen again every ___ years. - ANSWER 3-6; 1 year, 1-3 years
Kennel cough is not one but ____ of highly _____ diseases. - ANSWER a series;contagious respiratory
If the behavior does not increase with R+, then the reinforcer was presented _________or _____ or the payoff ______. Also, ____ is important, the R+ must happen ______ the behavior happens. - ANSWER too early or too late; wasn't reinforcing; the instant Two types of reinforcers? - ANSWER Positive and negative Every instance of negative reinforcement involves a _______. - ANSWER punisher Fallout is defined as _________ of punishment through overuse of negative reinforcersand other aversives. - ANSWER the negative effects
BF Skinner's defined punishment as: - ANSWER when a behavior results in the loss ofsomething desirable or the delivery of something undesirable.
Not using a CN in training does two things. Name them. - ANSWER 1: slows up learning 2: increases the number of aversives used in corrections-based training Wrong as a conditioned punisher is useful only when trainee has been ______. - ANSWERreinforced for variable behaviors and actively searching for ways to get you to click.
The _____ the variable schedule, the more powerfully it maintains behavior. When doesthis work against you? - ANSWER longer; with trying to get rid of behavior
The one circumstance where one should not go to a variable schedule once the dog haslearned the behavior is when it involves _______. - ANSWER a puzzle or test. Needs information so it knows what to do the next time Factory assembly lines are an example of ____ schedules. - ANSWER fixed Very long schedules can lead to ____ starts or ______ _____ _____. - ANSWER slow;Monday Morning Blues, or delayed start of long-duration behavior
Shaping is possible because the behavior of living beings is ______. - ANSWER variable Shaping consists of taking a very small _____ in the right direction and _____ it, ______ ata time, toward a(n) ____ goal. - ANSWER tendency; shifting; one small step, ultimate
The process of shaping has to do with ________. - ANSWER successive approximation It's the ____ of shaping, more than the ____ that are often overlooked and separate thegreat trainer from the average. - ANSWER principles, or rules governing how, when and why behaviors are reinforced; methods such as what behaviors are to be reinforced List 5 of KP's 10 rules of shaping: - ANSWER 1:raise criteria in small enough incrementsthat the subject always has realistic chance for R+.
2: Train only one aspect of particular behavior at a time. 3: When introducing a new criteria, temporarily relax the old ones. 4: Stay ahead of your subject in case your subject gets out way ahead.5: If one shaping exercise is not yielding progress, find another.
During shaping, put the current level of response on a ____ schedule of reinforcementbefore you ______ criteria. - ANSWER variable; raise
What do you do if you're shaping and behavior deteriorates? - ANSWER "Go back toKindergarten." That is, immediately go back and review with a series of easily earned reinforcers. How fast you raise criteria is not a function of the animal's _____ but rather a function ofhow you are ____ with the animal. - ANSWER actual ability; communicating
The fastest way to shape behavior is to raise criteria at whatever interval it takes tomake it ___ for the subject to gain reinforcers. - ANSWER easy
Reinforcing every adequate behavior is a ____ schedule of R+. - ANSWER fixed You need to establish an intermittent schedule of reinforcement before you go to _____schedule of R+. - ANSWER differential
"Surfing the extinction bursts" means omitting R+ in an attempt to get more ____responses. - ANSWER vigorous
____ reinforcement is selecting for faster speed, longer duration, shorter latency etc. -ANSWER Differential
Compared to other big carnivorous predators and compared to the ____ family, wolvesare not very good runners, their jaws are relatively weak and they don't see well, T or F?
