Download CPDT-KA Exam Study Guide: Key Concepts and Definitions for Canine Behavior and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity!
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LIMA stands for - ANSWER Least Intrusive, Minimally Aversive CCPDT Code of Ethics - ANSWER You should use positive reinforcement techniqueswhenever possible
the first thing a trainer should do according to the Humane Hierarchy is - ANSWERRecommend a vet appointment to ensure the dog is physically healthy
Stimulus control - ANSWER When a dog can both discriminate and generalize abehavior, he is said to have learned (dog offers a specific canine behavior when you ask for it and doesn't offer it if you haven't asked for it.) Fixed interval - ANSWER Fixed duration schedules require the behavior be performedfor a set period ex. sit stay for 10 seconds Premack principle - ANSWER more probable behaviours will reinforce less probablebehaviours. EX. dog asked to sit at door before a walk-when he sits, door will open and walk begins Thorndike's Law of Effect - ANSWER We are more likely to repeat a behaviour if we havea good experience
Unconditioned responses - ANSWER a response to an unconditioned stimulus thatrequires no previous experience
non-associative learning - ANSWER you're not pairing a stimulus with a behavior.
- can be either habituation or sensitization. -Habituation is when repeated exposure to astimulus decreases an organism's responsiveness to the stimulus.
Desensitization - ANSWER exposing the pet to a stimulus that would normally cause anundesirable reaction at an extremely low level so that there is no response.
secondary reinforcer (conditioned reinforcer)-ANSWER a stimulus that gains itsreinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer (CLICKER)
shaping (operant conditioning)-ANSWER break it down into smaller steps that buildtoward it-Rewarding a dog after each approximation of performing the target behavior
believes Learning takes place through trial and error-ANSWER Thorndike John Watson's basic theory of behavior - ANSWER Behavior is based on responding to agiven stimulus-uses punishment, aversives, and forcing dog physically into the behaviors they desire. Learned irrelevance - ANSWER learning to ignore stimuli because there is noconsequence (ignore cue)
Classical Conditioning (Pavlov) - ANSWER Learned association between 2 events. Oneevent is nuetral and one event elicits an unconditioned response (associative learning)
Counterconditioning - ANSWER a behavior therapy procedure that conditions newresponses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning. Includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning. (training an animal to display abehavior that is different than his current reaction to a stimulus.)
Eustress - ANSWER moderate or normal psychological stress interpreted as beingbeneficial for the experiencer.
the simultaneous presence of another stimulus that is easier to condition salient - ANSWER most noticeable or important Dog breeding-if you select for a change in looks you also get: - ANSWER A change inbehavior
3 categories of canine behavior - ANSWER 1. food acquisition2. hazard avoidance
- reproductive behavior critical period - ANSWER 3-16 weeks old Instinctive - ANSWER dog has strong instinctive behaviour (ex. herding, smelling, preydrive) he will drift to that behaviour over the conditioned behaviour (chase cat over the leave it cue) Fixed Action Pattern (FAP) - ANSWER A sequence of behavioural acts that is essentiallyunchangeable and usually carried to completion once initiated. Needs a trigger to start behaviour. (marking-smell other dog's scent-lifts leg-urinates) Phylogenetic behavior - ANSWER behaviors common to the dog as a species in general Neoteny - ANSWER the retention of juvenile features in the adult animal-Dr. Belyaev's"The Fox Farm Experiement"
Ethology - ANSWER The scientific study of how animals behave, particularly in naturalenvironments.
DAP - ANSWER synthetically produced Dog Appeasing Pheromones
Baseline Posture - ANSWER Dog is relaxed. Muscles are fluid and move gracefully.Nottoo bold, not too worried.
Mutual Curving Nose to Tail - ANSWER Greeting behavior The Bow - ANSWER Social facilitator-Meta-communication (meta signals qualify thebehavior that follows)
critical zone - ANSWER personal space Physical signs of stress - ANSWER panting-drooling-trembling-sweaty paws-tensebody-shedding and dandruff-change in eyes
Physiological indicators of fear - ANSWER release of adrenalin, cortisol, and otherchemicals into the body, low body language, move away to increase distance, ears back, no eye contact, whale eyes, freezing, trembling, panting, whining ambivalence - ANSWER conflicting feelings Displacement behavior - ANSWER Signs dog is trying to "hold it together". Dog is inconflict. Signs: yawning, lip licking, scratching Calming Signals - ANSWER Yawning, tongue flick, ground sniffing, blinking, turningaway, scratching, averting eyes, splitting (a dog walks in between 2 dogs staring at each other) Avoidance - ANSWER Agonistic behavior-leave or flee
social situation DRO - ANSWER Differential reinforcement of other behavior Dogs are trained on invisible fences mainly through - ANSWER Positive punishment Post-reinforcement pause usually occurs with - ANSWER Fixed ratio reinforcement In a classroom setting - ANSWER You determine the placement of each dog Operant or Classical:A dog starts to shake upon being taken to the vet. He's most likely - ANSWER Classically conditioned Puppies are generally weaned during what stage - ANSWER Primary socialization What 2 guys believe Behavior is based on responding to a given stimulus - ANSWERPavlov and Watson
A student comes in hanging onto a leash for dear life with a dog whose tail is stiff andupright, and who is snapping at every dog in sight. Your best bet is to: - ANSWER Suggest the student begin with private lessons, not the group class A dog who has his head turned away from an oncoming dog and is holding his tail lowand wagging is probably feeling - ANSWER Conflicted
Extinction - ANSWER non-reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior if you repeatedly ask for a behavior without giving the dog a treat
How far in advance must you notify the testing organization if you need to change yourexam date? - ANSWER At least 48 hours before your exam date
Stimulus control - ANSWER When a dog can both discriminate and generalize a behavior Operant Learning Theory - ANSWER 1. Behaviors that are reinforced will bestrengthened
- Learning is the result of the causes of an action and its consequences3. Behaviors that are not reinforced will weaken
(Skinner)-learning by ASSOCIATIONS with what happens after the behavior(consequence)
John Watson's basic theory of behavior - ANSWER Behavior is based on responding to agiven stimulus
Head halters work by - ANSWER P+ followed by R-best calcium:phosphorous ratio in a dog's diet: - ANSWER 2: hysterectomy - ANSWER Removal of uterus and part of the cervixsterilization options for males - ANSWER Vasectomy Chemical castration Vas deferens ligation Estrus - ANSWER Females are receptive to males - referred to as "standing heat" -during which phase
Possessive aggression - ANSWER offensive or defensive-valued resource-does not wantto share
length of canine teeth Soft tissue damage (a) severe bruising -dog clamped down hard (b) slashes in both directions-dog clamped and shook his head Dunbar-Level 5 Bite - ANSWER MULTIPLE LEVEL 4 BITES with deep punctures orslashing due to clamping down, shaking or repeated gripping and an attempt to move the bite to a "better" advantage Dunbar-Level 6 Bite - ANSWER the victim DIED due to the attack Anthropomorphism - ANSWER giving an animal human characteristics (Personification) Antecedent - ANSWER any cue that is in the environment before the behavior occurs -(does not have to tell the dog anything - can be like a cue - "come")
Behavior - ANSWER Anything the dog does Consequence - ANSWER Anything that happens to the dog as a result of the behavior(good or bad) -CONSEQUENCES DRIVE BEHAVIORS
Punishment (P) - ANSWER stuns, stops, decreases behavior If the resulting effect is that the DOG stops the behavior, it's a punisher Positive (+) - ANSWER add something-it is NOT an emotion (not something pleasant) Negative (-) - ANSWER take something away-it is not an emotion (not aversive orunpleasant)
Latency - ANSWER how quickly the behavior is performed
Duration - ANSWER length of time that something exists Physical Response - ANSWER what the dog does Temporary Criteria - ANSWER initial steps towards an exercise to perform a novelcommand for the dog
Permanent Criteria - ANSWER the end product, ultimate goal, fluency Fluency - ANSWER dog will respond appropriately when given the cue, not respond withtrainer doesn't give the cue & not give another behavior
continuous reinforcement - ANSWER reinforcing the desired response every time itoccurs (1 behavior-1 reward--Another behavior-another reward)
variable schedule of reinforcement (VSR) - ANSWER Partial reinforcement orintermittent schedule
Random reinforcement - ANSWER reward not given every time the dog offers thebehavior NO SET PATTERN(ex. slot machines) teaches the dog to not give up be persistant
Differential Reinforcement (VSR) - ANSWER Instead of being truly random, look for thebest examples of the behavior
Limited Hold (VSR) - ANSWER variation of differential reinforcementrewarding the SPEED of behavior (latency)
Comes BEFORE the behavior (antecedent) Blocking - ANSWER previously learned cue is said to block a new cue superstitious behavior - ANSWER coincidental learning of some irrelevant behavioralong with desired one (ex. when Jaz barked when asked to "play dead")
3 to 16 weeks of age - ANSWER brain is biologically ready to make long term change inresponse to social input at this age (temporary open mindedness)
1st vet visit - ANSWER 6-8 weeks Core Vaccines - ANSWER Distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus, rabies non-core vaccines - ANSWER lyme disease, leptospirosis, Bordetella, parainfluenza internal parasites - ANSWER Heartworm, roundworm, hookworm, tapeworm, whipworm External Parasites - ANSWER fleas, ticks, mites Parvovirus - ANSWER Virus that causes extreme vomiting and diarrhea in dogs-can befatal
Leptospirosis - ANSWER bacterial disease spread through contact with infected urine Canis Lupis Familiaris - ANSWER dog's scientific classification Canis Lupis - ANSWER scientific classification for gray wolf
tame - ANSWER animal that is accustomed to human contact spontaneous recovery - ANSWER the re-emergence of a previously extinguishedlearned response
latent learning - ANSWER learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is anincentive to demonstrate it
Ontogenetic Behavior - ANSWER develops over lifetime of individual dog. i.e. quicklylearns to run to human for piece of food when name is called
Dogs are _________________ animals not ____________ members. - ANSWER Social, Pack Unconditioned - ANSWER not learned Aversive training methods - ANSWER Tend to make dogs fearful differentials reinforcement provides most choices for reinforcement of a behavior -ANSWER DRO (differential reinforcement of 'other' behavior) or Teach something different provides most choices for reinforcement of a behavior Post-reinforcement pause - ANSWER Once your dog figures out the schedule, her rateof response may drop immediately after reinforcement (Fixed ratio reinforcement)
Agonistic pucker - ANSWER an appeasement signal- calming signal with no intent toharm - distance decreasing signals (ex. A dog whose mouth is closed and slightly pushed forward)
A dog nosing a treat ball around the house to get bits of kibble out of the large hole atone end of the ball - ANSWER Operant
Poisoned Cue - ANSWER When a cue becomes associated with something worthavoiding
Primary Socialization - ANSWER Puppies are typically weaned during which phase Level 1 Humane Hierarchy - ANSWER Medical, Nutritional, Physical (least intrusive) Level 2 Humane Hierarchy - ANSWER Antecedent Arrangements (management) Level 3 Humane Hierarchy - ANSWER Positive Reinforcement (R+) Level 4 Humane Hierarchy - ANSWER Differential Reinforcement (Can I teach analternate behavior with R+)
Level 5 Humane Hierarchy - ANSWER Extinction, P-, R- Level 6 Humane Hierarchy - ANSWER Positive Punishment (P+)-Most Intrusiveaquisition phase - ANSWER the period of time during classical conditioning when the neutral stimulus comes to evoke the conditioned response-learning
