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CSCI-420 Midterm Review Exam 2025-2026 quetions and answers Latest update.A+ GRADE
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OpenGL Library Organization
GL (graphics library): core graphics and capabilities
GLUT (graphics and utility lib): input and windowing
GLEW (GL extension wrangler): removes OS dependencies
GLU (openGL utility lib): compatibility profile only
Smooth vs Flat Shading
Graphics Pipeline
vertices
transformer
clipper
projector
rasterizer
The Frame Buffer
special memory on the graphics card. stores the current pixels to be displayed on the monitor. monitor has no storage. Framebuffer copied to the monitor at each refresh cycle
where is graphics driver code located?
CPU
where are rendering resources located (buffers, shader, textures, etc.)
GPU
What is stored in a VBO
vertex positions, normals, texture coordinates, colors
Glut Program Callbacks Loop
Types of callbacks
Display(): when window must be drawn
Idle(): when no other events to be handled
Object space approach / Painter's Algorithm
render back to front. sort by depth. if A deeper than B at all points, draw A first
Image space approach / z-buffer algorithm
maintain a z-buffer of depths
for all vertex buffers:
if z(x,y) < zbuf(x,y):
set new zbuf
set frame buffer to new color
what direction does camera point
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