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CSULB BIO 213 EXAM I WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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Abiotic - ANSWER "Non-living" aspects of the environment Biotic - ANSWER "living" components of the environment that affect other organisms Observation - ANSWER based on something you've seen, heard, or read. The act of noticing and describing events or processes in a careful, orderly way. Question - ANSWER question about what you have observed "How" and "what"ex. Why does the organism do that?
Prediction - ANSWER use available info. to make a prediction of what you think theanswer might be. Unlike hypotheses, predictions can be based on a great deal or very little supporting information. Diversity - ANSWER different species of plants and animals Abundance - ANSWER number of organisms Mean - ANSWER average Standard Deviation (SD) - ANSWER measure of dispersion or variability of the datapoints around the mean
standard error of mean (SEM) - ANSWER SEM of a measurement is the SD afteradjusting for sample size
Discrete data - ANSWER whole numbers usually obtained when something is counted ex. count how many seeds a plant produces Continuous data - ANSWER fractionsusually obtained when something is measured ex. measure the length of each seed DATA-Discrete - ANSWER Chi-Square test DATA-Continuous - ANSWER 2 groups of indep. samples: F-test -> T-test 2+ groups of indep. samples: Fmax test -> One-way ANOVA 2 variables: Correlation and Regression t-test - ANSWER a statistic that compares two groups to determine the difference of twomeans
F test or VAR test - ANSWER required to check if VAR of the two populations aredifferent.
p> 0.05 : EQUAL VAR t test p</= 0.05 : UNEQUAL VAR t test
node - ANSWER point where a leaf attaches to the stem area between the nodes = INTERNODE axillary bud - ANSWER where each leaf meets the stem -form new stems apical bud - ANSWER bud at the tip of each stem or branch -primary growing point of the plant and the dominant bud Taproot system - ANSWER single, large, and deep growing roots -often serving storage -can have small side roots Fibrous root system - ANSWER many small roots of similar diameter -many branches incr. surface area for transport while anchoring the plant in the ground. lignin - ANSWER strengthens cell walls; found in wood Suberin - ANSWER lipid used for waterproofing; cork PARenchyma cells - ANSWER -most abundant and least specialized cells-funct.: storage, secretion, and transport; cortex and pith in stems, cortex of roots, mesophyll of leaves, pulp of fruits and endosperm of seeds.-PARenchyma in P/S: are chloroplasts in leaves
-living cells, can divide even at maturity -thin but flexible cellulose cell walls -store and regulate ions, waste products and water COLLenchyma cells - ANSWER Plant cells with unevenly thickened primary cell wallsthat are alive at maturity and that function to support the growing stem (ie. non-woody stems, leaf petioles and growing organs) -composed of elongated cells with irregularly thickened walls SCLERenchyma cells - ANSWER -cells are dead at maturity-rigid support and at parts of plants that stopped growing in length -often secondary cell walls contain the strong and flexible protein LIGNIN (elastic unlikeCOLLenchyma)
Sclereids - ANSWER are short and irregular in shape and have thick lignified secondarywalls
Fibers - ANSWER needle-shaped with pointed tips and thick walls-abundant in vascular tissue of angiosperms
Xylem - ANSWER vascular tissue that carries water/nutrients upward from the roots toevery part of a plant
Tracheids - ANSWER Cells that, along with vessel elements, make up xylem. cells that undergo apoptosis (cell death), but since cell walls stay intact =>can transportminerals and water from roots to other plant parts
