Download Personality Theories: A Comprehensive Overview of Key Concepts and Theories and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity!
CSULB PSY 356 EXAM I WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS!!
What is Maddi's deinfition? - ANSWER Personality is the stable set of tendencies (motivations) and characteristics (traits) that determine differences and commonalities in psychological behavior of people..that have continuity in time, and may not be understood by biological and social pressures of that moment.
What are the core structures and tendencies of Freud? - ANSWER Structures: Id-the pleasure principle Ego- the reality principle (no pain) Superego- rules that control which acts are OK. Tendency: Libido- a fixed amount energy to ego/id, mainly sexual
What are the developments of Freud? (First three are personalities based off of fixation)
- ANSWER 1. Oral-conflict of delay of gratification
- Anal-conflict of accepting discipline from authority 3.Phallic-conflict of accepting social norms 4.Latent-resolution of Oedipal/Elektra 5.Genital-Procreation
What are the regressive behaviors and daily traits of Frued's personalities? - ANSWER Oral-consume and self-denial/optimistic, pessimistic Anal-expulsive and retentive/stubborn, compliant Phallic-indep. and dependent/vain, self-loathe
What are the defense mechanisms for Freud's personalities? - ANSWER Oral- denial, displacement, projection, fantasy
Anal-intellectualization, reaction-formation Phallic-repression
What is the difference in Psychosis and Neurosis? - ANSWER Psychosis-Id explodes at a breaking point. Neurosis- Controlled expression of Id
What is the Oedipal and Elektra complex? - ANSWER Oedipal- Id wants mother, Ego fears castration; Superego wants to act like dad to get 'mommy' Elektra- id wants both mom and dad (and wants penis), Ego fears ???; Superego wants to act like mom to get indirect penis (from 'dad')
What are Jung's Core structures and tendencies? - ANSWER Structures: Ego-reality principle (no pain) Personal Unconscious- Pleasure Principle Collective Unconscious- Archetypes
What are Jung's Developments? - ANSWER None
What are Jung's personality types? - ANSWER 3 dimensions: -Introversion(look inwards)/Extroversion(look outwards) -Thinking(analytical)/Feeling(emotional) -Sensing(using senses, surface)/Intuiting(finding meaning) 8 Types (intro/extro + 1 other) ET (problem solvers), EF (joiners), ES (Aesthetics), EI (adventurer), IT (thinkers), IF (snob), IS (egotistical), II (oddball)
What are Jung's archetypes? - ANSWER Universal stereotypes in us that affect behavior Anima (female)- Animus (male): Animal stereotype
Moving Towards- overly dependent of other people Moving Away- very independent, Asocial, self-reliant Moving Against- Competitive, argumentative, need to feel superior of other people
What are the structures and tendencies of Sullivan's theory? - ANSWER Structures: 2 basic goals Satisfaction- Biological (food, shelter, etc.) Security- social security (we want societal) Frustration- Direct (no interaction w/ppl) or Indirect (bad interaction w/ppl) Tendencies: Satisfy basic needs Create Personifications- personal stereotypes of people that can "split" with new interactions
What are Sullivan's development stages? - ANSWER 2 stages: Middle Childhood: more exposure to personality leads to more personifications and more traits Adolescence: new level of interactions (dating) leads to new threats/securities
What are the Sullivan's personalities and traits? - ANSWER Infinite Personalities With each new personification=new trait that reflect the personification
What are Fromm's core structures and tendencies? - ANSWER Structures: 2 basic needs Autonomy- being free from society and independent Social Connection- being connected to society
- New needs (relatedness, rootedness, transcendence, identity) Tendency:
Restore the balance in needs that society weighs too much on (capitalism=> too much autonomy)
What are Fromm's personality types and traits? - ANSWER Authoritarian-Sadist/Masochist (connected through force) Destructive-Vandalism/gossip (make others lose relationships) Conformist-echo opinion (trying to fit in) Receptive-being dependent Exploitative-trying to trick people Hoarding-trying to collect to attract people Marketing-trying to sell themselves Productive-a healthy person (only be partly this)
Bio-Physical - ANSWER Personality comes from our biology and is created from our genetics.
Bio-Social - ANSWER Our appearance from our genetics lead to social feedback. i.e. being Asian and having the social stigma of being smart, ect. Stems from social feedback.
Omnibus - ANSWER Conducting a mass study in which assesses personality over a long period of time. Reviewing consistencies over a span of time i.e. 5 or 10 years and seeing what has changed. Shared human traits.
Big 5 (OCEAN) - ANSWER Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neurotics.
Openness (OCEAN) - ANSWER People either want to stick to what they know or change things up.
Conscientiousness (OCEAN) - ANSWER Conscience people have structure while others
(fantasy)
EGO - ANSWER Recognizes the consequences of our behavior and prevents us from being excluded. Operates according to secondary process thinking - understands consequences of actions. Reacting in regards to the reality principle - scans the environment for 'what if' circumstances. (reality)
Super-EGO - ANSWER It is all the rules that we have been exposed to and created amongst our walks with life. What WE consider as permissible and taboo according to society.
EROS - ANSWER Libido provides us directionality towards pleasure.
THANATOS - ANSWER Pleasure pushes us to self-destruction.
5 stages of psychosexual development - ANSWER Oral pleasure, anal stage, phallic stage, latent & genital
Phallic stage - ANSWER Oedipal conflict: "Oedipus Rex" we cannot escape our destiny
Latent Stage - ANSWER Electra conflict similar to oedipal conflict except revolves around little girls.
Genital Stage - ANSWER Freud considers individuals in this stage to be adults.
