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CYAF 382 PARENTING EXAM 2 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(GRADED A+), Exams of Nursing

University of Mississippi Medical CenterNursing

communication - ANSWERthe process of making and sharing meanings 1. communication is a transaction 2. communication is a process 3. communication involves symbols (verbal and nonverbal) 4. communication involves co-construction of meanings - ANSWERwhat are the 5 concepts of communication? attention - ANSWER"bad" attention better than no attnetion POwer - ANSWERchildren

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CYAF 382 PARENTING EXAM 2
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(GRADED A+)
communication - ANSWERthe process of making and sharing meanings
1. communication is a transaction
2. communication is a process
3. communication involves symbols (verbal and nonverbal)
4. communication involves co-construction of meanings - ANSWERwhat are the 5
concepts of communication?
attention - ANSWER"bad" attention better than no attnetion
POwer - ANSWERchildren are striving for autonomy and control
revenge - ANSWERfeel they must retaliate afainst a hurt they expereienced
inadequacy - ANSWERgiving up, seeking to be excused for behavior
transactional nature of communication - ANSWERwe simultaneously affect and are
affected by our intimate relations
co-construction of meanings - ANSWERthe process of communication consists of
learning the meaning of things between families based on aquiring a language from
your family of origin
-communication occurs frequently (formal and informal time with family members)
-confirming messages and responses are used (recognition, acceptance)
-listen actively using reflection and reframing (process of hearing words to
understanding feelings attitudes) - ANSWERwhat are the cornerstones of good
communication?
confirming messages/reponses - ANSWERvalidate with those that we are
communicating with. recognization of the other person, relevant dialogue, and
acceptance
i-messages - ANSWERA form of communication in which a person directly states
what another person is doing, its effect, and how he or she feels about it (e.g.,
"When you all call out, I can't concentrate on each answer, and I'm frustrated").
-systematic training for effect parenting
-love and logic
-assertive discipline
-national extension parent education - ANSWERwhat are some examples of parent
education programs?
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CYAF 382 PARENTING EXAM 2

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(GRADED A+)

communication - ANSWERthe process of making and sharing meanings

  1. communication is a transaction
  2. communication is a process
  3. communication involves symbols (verbal and nonverbal)
  4. communication involves co-construction of meanings - ANSWERwhat are the 5 concepts of communication? attention - ANSWER"bad" attention better than no attnetion POwer - ANSWERchildren are striving for autonomy and control revenge - ANSWERfeel they must retaliate afainst a hurt they expereienced inadequacy - ANSWERgiving up, seeking to be excused for behavior transactional nature of communication - ANSWERwe simultaneously affect and are affected by our intimate relations co-construction of meanings - ANSWERthe process of communication consists of learning the meaning of things between families based on aquiring a language from your family of origin -communication occurs frequently (formal and informal time with family members) -confirming messages and responses are used (recognition, acceptance) -listen actively using reflection and reframing (process of hearing words to understanding feelings attitudes) - ANSWERwhat are the cornerstones of good communication? confirming messages/reponses - ANSWERvalidate with those that we are communicating with. recognization of the other person, relevant dialogue, and acceptance i-messages - ANSWERA form of communication in which a person directly states what another person is doing, its effect, and how he or she feels about it (e.g., "When you all call out, I can't concentrate on each answer, and I'm frustrated"). -systematic training for effect parenting -love and logic -assertive discipline -national extension parent education - ANSWERwhat are some examples of parent education programs?

systematic training for effective parenting - ANSWER(6-12 years old) -7 steps (one each week) -communication is a major topic -child's behavior is goal oriented (functional vs adaptive) -children are social beings -a child is equal in value to adults -a misbehaving child is a discouraged child -mistakes are opportunities to learn (what is a good parent)

    • ANSWERwhat are some important parts of the step approach? -attention -power -revenge -inadequacy - ANSWERwhat are the 4 main goals of child's misbehavior? open responses - ANSWERconvey understanding and acceptance close responses - ANSWERinvalidate the child's feelings communication roadblocks - ANSWER"you" messages, solution messages communication bridges - ANSWER"i" messages, "we" messages -less lecturing by parent -allows parent to show empathy and validate child's feelings -transfers ownership of the problem -promotes child learning (clear causes and effect) - ANSWERwhat are benefits to correcting behavior? Love and Logic - ANSWER-program that provides simple and effective strategies for raising children -emphasizes teaching children personal responsibility through problem ownership and allowing them to experience consequences so they can learn from mistakes
  1. misbehavior
  2. adult shows anger or frustration
  3. child's perception of authority figures
  4. negative self concept
  5. repeat misbehavior - ANSWERwhat are the 5 steps to the misbehavior cycle? assertive dicipline - ANSWERa structured behavioral management approach to help parents and professionals positively influence children's behavior -encourages parent to "take charge" and back up words with action -stresses importance of giving child direct and positive feedback praise - ANSWER"great job!" "you're so smart!" encouragement - ANSWER"you are working so hard, I know you can do it!"

they immediately respond without pausing for much reflection or consideration of what the other has said. the intellectual listener - ANSWERattend only the actual spoken words. they ignore nonverbal communication cues and approach the conversation in a rational, logical way, rather than relying on their feelings or emotions the self-conscious listener - ANSWERmore concered with their own status and impressing someone than they are with the thoughts, ideas, or feelings of the other. because they are trying to impress people with whom they are communicating, they do not listen with understanding. the judge and jury listener - ANSWERjudge the ideas and behaviors of others, letting others know how wrong or incorrect their thoughts and feelings are. they do not hear what the other is saying reflective listening - ANSWERwe pay close attention to a person's verbal and emotional (nonverbal) messages, and respectfully acknowledge their perspective. reframe - ANSWERlooking at the issue from another perspective. natural consequences - ANSWERthose that occur naturally as a result of behavior logical consequences - ANSWERthose that are imposed as a result of behavior but are logically related to the behavior discipline - ANSWERcorrective action designed to help teach children more appropriate behavior assertive discipline - ANSWERstructured behavioral management approach designed to help teachers, educators, and parents to positively influence children's behaviors diversity - ANSWERrefers to the broad spectrum of demographic and philosophical differences diverse - ANSWERpeople's differences in age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, or religion social identity - ANSWERwhether societal goals emphasize the advancement of the group's interests or individual interests. collectivist cultures - ANSWERinidivduals define their identity in terms of the relationships they hold with others. cohabiting - ANSWERunmarried partners who live together in a single household race - ANSWERrefers to a group of people who are distinguished from another group of people typically by their skin color, ancestry, or genetics

ethnicity - ANSWERrefers to a social construction that is used to identify groups of people multiracial - ANSWERindividuals can be any combination of races and ethnicities multiple mothering - ANSWERa practice that involved aunts, cousins, close friends, and fictive kin who provide mothers with a range of modeling and tangible support, is commonplace world experience - ANSWERattributes distinctiveness to american culture rather than to African tradition cultural variant - ANSWERapproach views black families as culturally unique systems african heritage theory - ANSWERbased on the assumption that certain evidenced in kinship patterns, marriage, sexuality, childrearing and so forth bicultural socialization - ANSWERa process wherein both the aspects of african and/or caribbean heritages and america are to socialize children without strict differences determined by the gender of the child and to share in childcare and in decision making familism - ANSWERwhich emphasizes the importance of family life, and close, interdependent relationships among the person, the family, and the community native american/alaska native - ANSWERrefer to aboriginal peoples if the united states and their descendants, and who maintain tribal affiliation or community attachment racism - ANSWERa belief system that holds that race accounts for differences in human character and/or ability; it results in discrimination and prejudice based on someone's race or ethnic background racial/ethnic socialization - ANSWERis the way in which families teach children about the social meanings of their race/ethnicity family policy - ANSWERrefers to governmental goals and programs that seek to support and strengthen families poverty rate - ANSWERreflect the percentage of people's with incomes below the federal government's publish poverty line shared legal custody - ANSWERboth parents have an equal say in the child's upbringing joint custody - ANSWERshare in the deicision making on behalf of their children physical custody - ANSWERhe or she is granted the legal right to have the child live primarily with him or her making this parent the custodial parent

nuclear family - ANSWERconsists of a biological father, a biological mother, and their biological or adopted children -more marriages that end in divorce -fewer marriages (co-habitation, non marital births on the rise) -24% of children live in single-parent homes - ANSWERwhat are some changes we have seen in the family structure since 1970s? single parent family - ANSWERfamily structure where living arranges consist of one parent with dependent children in the same household (29% of us families) -lots of diversity -unique starting points and developmental histories - ANSWERwhat are some characteristics of single parent families? -most common type of single-parent household -large portion of single mothers have never been married (43%) -much higher raters of poverty and economic despair than married-couple families (spousal support, child support, welfare do not come close to offsetting this difference - ANSWERwhat are some demographics of single mothers? single father family - ANSWERconsists of unmarried male and his minor children living in the same household (may include widowers divorced/separate fathers, never married fathers, or single fathers) (of 13 million single parent households, 2.5 are single fathers) infants: lost appetites, changing sleep patterns, being fussy TOddlers: crying more, becoming clingy, trouble eating/sleeping, thumb sucking - ANSWERwhat are some difference in the adaption to parent's distress/ divorce between infants and toddlers? preschoolers: forgotten mourners (they grieve the loss of the absent parent but they don't know how to put their feelings into words), blame themselves, School-aged: fantasize about ways to reunite their parents, feel a sense of loss and rejection, worry about the future, headaches and stomach aches, depression, - ANSWERwhat are some difference in the adaption to parent's distress/ divorce between preschoolers and school-aged kids? don't readily accept it, act out, become rebellious, - ANSWERwhat are some difference in the adaption to parent's distress/ divorce of preteens and adolescents? diminished parenting - ANSWERrefers to the change in parent-child relationship following divorce -changes in household finances -changes in residence -changes in boundaries

-changes in emotional environment - ANSWERwhat are some challenges for single parents? -parents overemphasizing obidience -witholding affection -increase conflict and irritability in family interactions -diminished nurturance and sensitivity toward their children

    • ANSWERwhat are some effects of low financial resources on families? -increased coercive exchanges between parents and children -learn aggression from models, -clinical risk range of externalizing problem -recevice harsh discipline -unstable peer groups -less congnitive stimulation in their home -greater maternal rejection -less sense of belonging - ANSWERwhat are some effects of poverty on children/adolescents? -stepfamily is "born of loss" -family boundaries and role are ambiguous -disparity of individual, marital, and family life cycle, -several loyalty conflicts - ANSWERwhat are some challenges for stepfamilies? -loss of power and control -feelings of guilt -loyalty conflicts (betrayal or other biological parent) -anger - ANSWERwhat are some issues for children's adjustment to a step family? -forming new relationships with children -creating a working business relationship with a former spouse that ensures successful completion of childrearing tasks such as helping children with homework, taking them to after-school activities -establishing methods of discipline that do not rely on the other parent's input -developing a parenting plan -communicating clearly and accurately to the other parent those things that are taking place in the child's life - ANSWERwhat are some tasks that are associated with establishing new boundaries for new divorced parents families? biological mother/stepfather - ANSWERthe household comprises of the mother's biological children and her stepchildren (the children of the stepfather) biological father/stepmother - ANSWERthe household comprises the father's biological children and his stepchildren (the children of the stepmother) complex stepfamily - ANSWERboth parents have children from previous relationships or marriage, although the children may reside in different households