Download DaVita Dialysis Study Guide: Questions and Answers and more Exams Medicine in PDF only on Docsity!
DaVita Dialysis Study Guide Questionsand Answers 100% Pass
Define the term AKI ✔✔Acute Kidney Injury
Example of prerenal cause of AKI ✔✔hemorrhage, sepsis, renal artery thrombosis/stenosis
Example of intrarenal cause of AKIglomerulus nephritis ✔✔acute interstitial nephritis, acute tubular necrosis, acute
Example of postrenal cause of AKI ✔✔bladder or urethral malignancy, prostatic hyperplasia
How do you help in restoring kidney function? ✔✔best to keep wet; eliminate the cause
How do you protect kidneys from further injury?to kidneys and maintain good bp's to avoid poor profusion to kidneys ✔✔avoid use of substances that may be toxic
Kt/v, what is "K" ✔✔clearance of the urea
What treatment factors decrease K?decreased BFR, not following P&P ✔✔anti-coagulation, poor priming, not waiting for heparin,
What treatment factors increase "K"and amputation factor, correct DFR ✔✔increase BFR, correct dialyzer size, correct dry weight
Kt/v, what is "T" ✔✔time of dialysis session
What factors influence 'T'?treatments ✔✔longer blood/dialysate contact time, more frequent or extra
Kt/v, what is 'V'?distributed ✔✔volume of urea distribution/volume of patients body water in which urea
What factors influence 'V'? ✔✔amputation, height, sex and age
17 needle gauge ✔✔200-250 pump speed
What is important when monitoring weight and BP?blood pressure ✔✔keep pts more wet than dry to drops in
AKI patients are at increased risk for which complication? ✔✔infections and GI bleeds
What do you need to consider in regards to their vascular access?avoid infections ✔✔CVC usually in place and
Explain the difference between AKI and CRF ✔✔AKI-sudden, onset/reversible CRF-slow to progress Outline the treatment goals for a patient with CKD ✔✔1. slow progression
- manage co morbidities3. control symptoms
- minimize CKD effects on lifestyles What are the most common causes for CRF in the USA? ✔✔diabetes and hypertension
Why is it important to know what caused your patients CRF?problems during data collection and assessment ✔✔to inquire about possible
What is the primary device for water purification in dialysis? ✔✔RO
What does TRAMP stand for? ✔✔Time, Route, Amount, Medication, Patient
Hypotension symptoms ✔✔cold and clammy skin, nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath
Hypertension symptoms ✔✔headache, dizziness, edema, elevated bp
Angina symptoms ✔✔chest pain, difficulty breathing, nausea
Angina intervention ✔✔administer oxygen, decrease BFR, UFR to minimum
Crenation symptoms ✔✔dark red blood, headache, nausea and vomiting
Tips for auditory learnersassociations/mnemonics, discuss and explain ✔✔repeat information, read notes out loud, word
Tips for tactile learnerson activities, frequent short breaks, role-playing ✔✔background music, keep notes(highlight), short lectures with hands
3 basic principles of self managmentand care providers in partnerships ✔✔consequences, problem-solving/decision-making, pts
R-U-L-E ✔✔Resist the Righting Reflex, Understand, Listen, Empower
3 basic communication skills ✔✔asking, listening, informing
DQIdisease management processes ✔✔Davita Quality Index - to encourage continuous improvement across a broad range of
Excretory functions ✔✔normalize electrolytes
Endocrine functions ✔✔renin secretion, erythropoeitin secretion, vitamin D
What lab value determines whether or not you're immune to Hep Bantibody) ✔✔HBsAb (surface
HBsAg ✔✔surface antigen (infectious or not)
For patients without immunity to Hep B, how often must their HBsAg be drawn? ✔✔monthly
SMART ✔✔simple, meaningful, actual, read, teach
Chlorine in the treatment water can cause? ✔✔Hemolysis
How long should you let the RO run? ✔✔15 minutes
4 indicators of optimal nutrition status ✔✔1. albumin greater than or equal to 4
- stable dry weight3. adequate fat stores
Four consequences of sodium loadingevents during treatment, hypertension and headaches post treatment ✔✔increased thirst, large fluid gains, more ischemic
Signs and Symptoms of fluid imbalance ✔✔edema, hypertension, shortness of breath
What does hypertension lead to? ✔✔LVH-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
What is the function of the acid concentrate?diffusion ✔✔provides the concentration gradient for
What is the function for bicarbonate? ✔✔In dialysate: buffers the acid concentration In pts blood: normalizes body pH Three processes make up water treatment systemdistribution ✔✔pretreatment, water purification,
