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Hemodialysis Questions and AnswersDaVita Study Guide In-Center
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TMP Intervention ✔✔evaluate UF goal, verify line is not clamped or wet TMP alarm ✔✔clamped line, wet transducer, change in UF goal AP Low Alarm & Intervention ✔✔tube separation from needle, decrease pump speed verify connection, increase pump speed AP High Alarm & Intervention ✔✔poor placement, clotting check placement and line VP Low Alarm & Interventioncheck NS line is clamped, increase BFR ✔✔tube separation from needle
VP High Alarm & Intervention ✔✔poor placement, clotting, stenosis
flush w/NS, check placement, remove line ESRD (end stage renal disease) options ✔✔Transplant DialysisPalliative Care
3 examples of Pre-Renal causes of AKI ✔✔1)Obstruction
- Volume Depletion3)Impaired Cardiac Function
Define AKI (Acute Kidney Injury)Failure as well as less catastrophic renal function issues, may dialyze in a out patient facility ✔✔A wide spectrum of kidney issues, includes Acute Renal until kidney function recovers. 3 examples of Intra-Renal causes of AKI ✔✔1) Ishemic ATN
- Sepsis, SIRS, Septic Shock, Anaphylaxis3) Goodpasture Syndrome, Acute Glomerulonephritis,
Excess sodium intake causes ✔✔Increased thirst and hypertension high potassiumcan slow the heart's conduction system until no electrical impulses are conducted ✔✔Cause extreme muscle weakness and abnormal heart rhythm, this electrolyte
What is Albumin ✔✔Essential for growth, maintenance, preventing infection and anemia what is the distance between needles ✔✔1.5 inches why use needle site rotation ✔✔prevents the formation of aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms 3 steps in access assessment ✔✔Look, Listen, Feel Over-manipulating needles can cause ✔✔bleeding from the needle site during dialysis NFACT Intermediate Cannulatorand at least 10 successful cannulations on and established fistulae ✔✔has at least 6 months of AV access cannulation experience
what is an intervention for muscle cramps ✔✔stretching the affected muscle what position is used for an Air Embolism ✔✔Left side Trendelenburg What is hypotension during treatment ✔✔its associated with increased mortality rate Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome (DDS) ✔✔patients who are skipping treatments Symptoms of disinfectant infusiondifficulty breathing. ✔✔pain at the venous needle site, tingling around the lips and
Best way to successfully help patients change behaviorsempathy ✔✔through support, compassion, and
health literacy ✔✔the degree to which individuals basic health information
How long must the RO be running before preforming the first testchlorine ✔✔15 min before testing the
whats needed to soften the water ✔✔sufficient amount of salt pellets what happens when you have a Final Water Quality Alarm ✔✔all machines goes into bypass hemolysis intervention ✔✔stop blood pump, clamp the lines, do not return the blood What is hemolysis?blood is exposed to chlorine ✔✔the rupture or destruction of red blood cells, a complication when the
hemolysis signs and symptomsarm, chest tightness, abdominal cramping, N/V ✔✔cherry red blood in the venous line, pain/burning in access
What produces dangerous water when exhausted ✔✔DI tanks What is the target weight in a patient with AKI ✔✔being WET is better than being to dry
Steps for post BUN lab draw ✔✔1. turn off UFR or decrease to 50
- decrease BFR to 1003. wait 15 seconds for all access types and draw post
What does SMART stand for? ✔✔Simple, Meaningful, Actual, Read, Teach What are the 5 W's? ✔✔What, When, Where, Why, Witness Interdialytic Weight Gain Calculation ✔✔pre weight minus last post weight UF Goal Calculation ✔✔pre weight - target weight + NS prime and rinseback +oral intake hypervolemia (fluid overload)hypertension ✔✔Increased mortality, pulmonary edmia, CVP, LVH
HBsAg ✔✔Hepatitis B surface antigen-test monthly
5 stages of grief ✔✔denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance Ultrafiltrationthrough the semipermeable membrane. ✔✔controlled fluid removal by manipulation of hydrostatic pressure, fluid pushed
Convection ✔✔solutes dragged across the SPM along with fluid Osmosis ✔✔fluids move from area of low concentration to high Diffusion ✔✔particles move from area of high concentration to low Excretory functions of the kidney ✔✔Normalize Elecrolytes Endocrine functions of the kidneyactivation of Vitamin D ✔✔Renin secretion, erythropoietin secretion and the
Bicarbonate ✔✔buffer the acid concentrate
Acid concentration ✔✔provides the concentration gradient for diffusion pericarditis ✔✔inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart What measures red blood cells (RBC) by weight ✔✔Hemoglobin what is the diminished quality and quantity of red blood cells ✔✔Anemia Normal pH range ✔✔7.35-7. examples of sodium loading ✔✔broth, normal saline the kidneys help the blood pressure by ✔✔releasing Renin which CRF complication causes Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) ✔✔Peripheral Neuropathy
visual learner tips ✔✔quiet surrounds, note taking, visual aids, short lectures auditory learner tips ✔✔word association, repeat information, give more time to read tactile learner tips ✔✔background music, short lectures, hands on activities, frequent short breaks 2-4-8 rule ✔✔2 hours max uninterrupted learning 4 hours of max learning a day8 days minimum
Hypertension (high blood pressure) signs ✔✔headache, dizziness, edema, blurred vision Hypertension (high blood pressure) interventionfor source once source is found promote resolution ✔✔promote med and fluid compliance, evaluate
muscle cramping causes ✔✔electrolyte imbalance
excessive or rapid fluid removaltissue ischemia - loss of blood flow to the tissue
dysrhythmia (irregular slow or fast heart rate) causesdialysate, rapid changes in potassium ✔✔hypotension, heart disease, incorrect
Dysrhythmia Interventionsverify dialysate ✔✔nurse assesses and informs MD, give O2, discontinue if severe,
hypotension (low blood pressure)skin, N/V, shallow rapid breathing. ✔✔shortness of breath, excessive yawning, sweating, clammy
Hypotension Interventionsfor less sever and 100-200ml of NS for sever, notify nurse and monitor. ✔✔place patient in flat supine position, turn off UFR, give oral fluids
Clotted dialyzer signsprevent rinse back. ✔✔dark blood, VP alarm, clot in drip chamber. a clotted dialyzer will
Aluminum in water used for dialysis causes ✔✔causes anemia, bone disease, N/V
What does the RO remove ✔✔bacteria, endotoxins, organic & inorganic materials
