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DaVita Study Guide: In-Center Hemodialysis Questions and Answers, Exams of Clinical Medicine

This study guide provides a comprehensive overview of key concepts and procedures related to in-center hemodialysis. It covers a wide range of topics, including dialysis principles, patient care, complications, and water quality management. The guide features numerous questions and answers, making it an effective tool for learning and review.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 01/18/2025

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DaVita Study Guide In-Center
Hemodialysis Questions and Answers
100% Pass
TMP Intervention ✔✔evaluate UF goal, verify line is not clamped or wet
TMP alarm ✔✔clamped line, wet transducer, change in UF goal
AP Low Alarm & Intervention ✔✔tube separation from needle, decrease pump speed
verify connection, increase pump speed
AP High Alarm & Intervention ✔✔poor placement, clotting
check placement and line
VP Low Alarm & Intervention ✔✔tube separation from needle
check NS line is clamped, increase BFR
VP High Alarm & Intervention ✔✔poor placement, clotting, stenosis
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Hemodialysis Questions and AnswersDaVita Study Guide In-Center

100% Pass

TMP Intervention ✔✔evaluate UF goal, verify line is not clamped or wet TMP alarm ✔✔clamped line, wet transducer, change in UF goal AP Low Alarm & Intervention ✔✔tube separation from needle, decrease pump speed verify connection, increase pump speed AP High Alarm & Intervention ✔✔poor placement, clotting check placement and line VP Low Alarm & Interventioncheck NS line is clamped, increase BFR ✔✔tube separation from needle

VP High Alarm & Intervention ✔✔poor placement, clotting, stenosis

flush w/NS, check placement, remove line ESRD (end stage renal disease) options ✔✔Transplant DialysisPalliative Care

3 examples of Pre-Renal causes of AKI ✔✔1)Obstruction

  1. Volume Depletion3)Impaired Cardiac Function

Define AKI (Acute Kidney Injury)Failure as well as less catastrophic renal function issues, may dialyze in a out patient facility ✔✔A wide spectrum of kidney issues, includes Acute Renal until kidney function recovers. 3 examples of Intra-Renal causes of AKI ✔✔1) Ishemic ATN

  1. Sepsis, SIRS, Septic Shock, Anaphylaxis3) Goodpasture Syndrome, Acute Glomerulonephritis,

Excess sodium intake causes ✔✔Increased thirst and hypertension high potassiumcan slow the heart's conduction system until no electrical impulses are conducted ✔✔Cause extreme muscle weakness and abnormal heart rhythm, this electrolyte

What is Albumin ✔✔Essential for growth, maintenance, preventing infection and anemia what is the distance between needles ✔✔1.5 inches why use needle site rotation ✔✔prevents the formation of aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms 3 steps in access assessment ✔✔Look, Listen, Feel Over-manipulating needles can cause ✔✔bleeding from the needle site during dialysis NFACT Intermediate Cannulatorand at least 10 successful cannulations on and established fistulae ✔✔has at least 6 months of AV access cannulation experience

what is an intervention for muscle cramps ✔✔stretching the affected muscle what position is used for an Air Embolism ✔✔Left side Trendelenburg What is hypotension during treatment ✔✔its associated with increased mortality rate Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome (DDS) ✔✔patients who are skipping treatments Symptoms of disinfectant infusiondifficulty breathing. ✔✔pain at the venous needle site, tingling around the lips and

Best way to successfully help patients change behaviorsempathy ✔✔through support, compassion, and

health literacy ✔✔the degree to which individuals basic health information

How long must the RO be running before preforming the first testchlorine ✔✔15 min before testing the

whats needed to soften the water ✔✔sufficient amount of salt pellets what happens when you have a Final Water Quality Alarm ✔✔all machines goes into bypass hemolysis intervention ✔✔stop blood pump, clamp the lines, do not return the blood What is hemolysis?blood is exposed to chlorine ✔✔the rupture or destruction of red blood cells, a complication when the

hemolysis signs and symptomsarm, chest tightness, abdominal cramping, N/V ✔✔cherry red blood in the venous line, pain/burning in access

What produces dangerous water when exhausted ✔✔DI tanks What is the target weight in a patient with AKI ✔✔being WET is better than being to dry

Steps for post BUN lab draw ✔✔1. turn off UFR or decrease to 50

  1. decrease BFR to 1003. wait 15 seconds for all access types and draw post

What does SMART stand for? ✔✔Simple, Meaningful, Actual, Read, Teach What are the 5 W's? ✔✔What, When, Where, Why, Witness Interdialytic Weight Gain Calculation ✔✔pre weight minus last post weight UF Goal Calculation ✔✔pre weight - target weight + NS prime and rinseback +oral intake hypervolemia (fluid overload)hypertension ✔✔Increased mortality, pulmonary edmia, CVP, LVH

HBsAg ✔✔Hepatitis B surface antigen-test monthly

5 stages of grief ✔✔denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance Ultrafiltrationthrough the semipermeable membrane. ✔✔controlled fluid removal by manipulation of hydrostatic pressure, fluid pushed

Convection ✔✔solutes dragged across the SPM along with fluid Osmosis ✔✔fluids move from area of low concentration to high Diffusion ✔✔particles move from area of high concentration to low Excretory functions of the kidney ✔✔Normalize Elecrolytes Endocrine functions of the kidneyactivation of Vitamin D ✔✔Renin secretion, erythropoietin secretion and the

Bicarbonate ✔✔buffer the acid concentrate

Acid concentration ✔✔provides the concentration gradient for diffusion pericarditis ✔✔inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart What measures red blood cells (RBC) by weight ✔✔Hemoglobin what is the diminished quality and quantity of red blood cells ✔✔Anemia Normal pH range ✔✔7.35-7. examples of sodium loading ✔✔broth, normal saline the kidneys help the blood pressure by ✔✔releasing Renin which CRF complication causes Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) ✔✔Peripheral Neuropathy

visual learner tips ✔✔quiet surrounds, note taking, visual aids, short lectures auditory learner tips ✔✔word association, repeat information, give more time to read tactile learner tips ✔✔background music, short lectures, hands on activities, frequent short breaks 2-4-8 rule ✔✔2 hours max uninterrupted learning 4 hours of max learning a day8 days minimum

Hypertension (high blood pressure) signs ✔✔headache, dizziness, edema, blurred vision Hypertension (high blood pressure) interventionfor source once source is found promote resolution ✔✔promote med and fluid compliance, evaluate

muscle cramping causes ✔✔electrolyte imbalance

excessive or rapid fluid removaltissue ischemia - loss of blood flow to the tissue

dysrhythmia (irregular slow or fast heart rate) causesdialysate, rapid changes in potassium ✔✔hypotension, heart disease, incorrect

Dysrhythmia Interventionsverify dialysate ✔✔nurse assesses and informs MD, give O2, discontinue if severe,

hypotension (low blood pressure)skin, N/V, shallow rapid breathing. ✔✔shortness of breath, excessive yawning, sweating, clammy

Hypotension Interventionsfor less sever and 100-200ml of NS for sever, notify nurse and monitor. ✔✔place patient in flat supine position, turn off UFR, give oral fluids

Clotted dialyzer signsprevent rinse back. ✔✔dark blood, VP alarm, clot in drip chamber. a clotted dialyzer will

Aluminum in water used for dialysis causes ✔✔causes anemia, bone disease, N/V

What does the RO remove ✔✔bacteria, endotoxins, organic & inorganic materials