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DCF (Department of Children and Families) School-Age
Appropriate Practices 2025 Exam | Featuring
Developmental Stages of School-Age Children, Positive
Behavior Support, and Age Appropriate Learning
Activities
Why do children play? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Play provides pleasure to the player, play focuses more on the player's enjoyment of the process than the acquisition of some particular product, play is voluntary and freely chosen by the player, play involves active engagement by the player. What kind of skills do children develop through play? ---------CORRECT ANSWER---- -------------develop physical, social and emotional skills. Describe what each stage of play looks like. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- solitary play (playing alone) Parallel play (playing beside other children, but not interacting with them) (Play activities for infants) True or false: the main goal of play activates with infants is to provide a pleasurable experience for the infants. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------True
True or false: providing auditory experiences for the infant, such as musical toys and mobiles, encourages children to listen to the sounds in their environment. ---- -----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------True True or false: using toys that grab an infant's attention helps them to learn to focus their eyes on the objects in their environment. ---------CORRECT ANSWER---- -------------True True or false: holding soft books and turning the pages is fun for infants but does not help them learn to read. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------False, it teaches the infant the actions needed to read a book. True or false: play activities with infants should stimulate at least one of their five senses. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------False, the main goal of play activities with infants is the stimulation of each of the five senses. (Play activities for toddlers) True or false: Finger painting and easel painting encourage the development of motor skills and coordination. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------True True or false: Activities that require standing, jumping, dancing and marching are distracting because children become excited and distracted. ---------CORRECT
True or false: Activities listed on a daily routine do not need to be carried out in a particular order. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------False, What do infants and toddlers completely depend on their caregivers for? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------to make sure their physical and emotional needs are met. Secure attachments form with parents and caregivers who make the child feel... -- -------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------safe and secure What do toddlers seek to gain from purposeful exploration? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Independence and control What is a brief description of Flexible? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------easy children to attend to. may need special attention so they don't get lost in the group. What is a brief description of Fearful? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Cautious, slow to warm to new situations. may be withdrawn so steps in certain situations may take a little longer.
What is a brief description of Feisty? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Spirited fun, but need to be actively managed. What is Jean Piaget's theory? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Four Stages of Cognitive Development. What is Erik Erikson's theory? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Eight Conflicts in Emotional Development. According to Piaget what are the four stages of cognitive development? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Sensorimotor- 0 - 2 years old- this is the most important to infants and toddlers Preoperational- 2 - 7 years old Concrete-Operational- 7 - 11 years old Formal Operations-11 years old and older Erik Erikson's Trust vs. Mistrust ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------This conflict is resolved when infants form bonds with their parents and caregivers and establish an emotional foundation through trust. As the basis for fulfilling the safety and comfort needs of infants, emotional security must be established through trusting relationships with adults.
TRUE OR FALSE toddlers are typically afraid of or uninterested in exploring their environment? (Physical Development) ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- False, this is typically when they begin to show interest in exploring their environment. TRUE OR FALSE toddlers will typically begin to feed themselves and drink from a cup. (Physical Development) ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------True. (Approaches to learning) TRUE OR FALSE A child's curiosity and natural ability to develop new skills should be the teachers' main focus when they are planning learning activities. (Approaches to Learning) ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------
- True TRUE OR FALSE children should be constantly praised for their efforts and results in all activities throughout the day, even if they are uninterested or unsuccessful. (Approaches to Learning) ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------True TRUE OR FALSE Using rewards such as toys and prizes is a good way to encourage positive behavior. (Approaches to Learning) ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------
- False, children should not be bribed into behaving a certain way.
TRUE OR FALSE as a caregiver you should encourage children to enjoy learning experiences while also encouraging them to please you with their behavior. (Approaches to Learning) ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------False, try to make the main focus enjoying the learning experience and process. (social and emotional development) TRUE OR FALSE some infants engage in an early form of communication by taking turns cooing back and forth. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------True TRUE OR FALSE by smiling and cooing, a 3- 7 - month-old baby is saying through body language, "I want to interact with you" ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- --True TRUE OR FALSE between 8 and 18 months of age, children will begin to initiate simple games. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------True TRUE OR FASLE between 18-24 months of age, children begin to recognize their own name and use words to get their needs met. ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------- --------True TRUE OR FALSE between 24-36 months of age, children are largely self-supporting and need less attention from caregivers. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- False
According to the bill passed in 1998 children from birth to five years old in state funded programs must be read to for how long a day? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-- ---------------at least 30 minutes Mathematical Thinking ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- TRUE OR FALSE Children 2 to 3 years can count items with assistance. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------True TRUE OR FALSE Infants and toddlers are not interested in numbers and mathematical concepts. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------False TRUE OR FALSE Children 8 to 18 months can show on their hand how old they are. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------false, 18- 24 months old TRUE OR FALSE children begin developing mathematical understanding from the first few months of their lives. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------False
(Scientific Inquiry) TRUE OR FALSE infants and toddlers are naturally curious and desire to investigate their immediate environment. ---------CORRECT ANSWER------ -----------True TRUE OR FALSE infants and toddlers can't learn much through their senses and reflexes until they are older. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------False TRUE OR FALSE children 2-3 years with natural materials such as sand, water, leaves, etc. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------True TRUE OR FALSE children 8-18 months experiment with stacking blocks. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------False (social studies) TRUE OR FALSE social studies refer to children's base social understanding beginning with the people in their immediate environment. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------True TRUE OR FALSE children 8-18 months respond with smiles to loved one. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------True
Developmental alerts ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------While all children are not expected to develop at the same rate, there are some warning signs that may indicate that a child has a developmental delay. A developmental delay may be present if a one-month-old infant does not: --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Become startled or show alarm in response to loud noises, Suck and swallow with ease, show gain in height, weight and head circumference, Grasp with equal strength in both hands, make eye contact when awake and being held, become quiet soon after being picked up A developmental delay may be present if a four-month-old infant does not: --------
- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Continue to increase in height, weight and head circumference, smile in response to smiles of others, follow a moving object with eyes focusing together, bring hands together over mid-chest Turn head to locate the source of sounds Begin to raise their head and upper body when placed on their stomach Reach for objects or familiar persons A developmental delay may be present if an eight-month-old infant does not: ----- ----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Continue to increase in height, weight and head circumference, explore their own hands and objects placed in their hands, Hold and shake a rattle, Smile, babble and laugh, Search for hidden objects, use finger and thumb to pick up objects, Play games such as peek-a-boo and pat-a- cake.
A developmental delay may be present if a twelve-month-old infant does not: ----- ----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Blink when a fast-moving object approaches the eye, begin to cut teeth, imitate simple sounds, follow simple verbal requests like come, no, and bye-bye, pull to stand, transfer an object from hand to hand. A developmental delay may be present if an eighteen-month-old toddler does not: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Attempt to talk or repeat words, understand some words, respond to simple questions with "yes" and "no", Walk alone, show a range of emotions such as delight, fear, surprise and anger, Show interest in pictures. A developmental delay may be present if a thirty-month-old toddler does not: ---- -----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Verbalize their needs and wants, speak in two- to-three-word phrases, follow a series of two simple commands, enjoy being read to, avoid bumping into objects, climb up and down stairs holding caregiver's hand, Throw a ball A developmental delay may be present if a thirty-six-month-old toddler does not: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Have intelligent speech most of the time, understand and follow simple commands and directions, give their own name, enjoy playing near other children, use three-to-four-word sentences, ask questions. Down Syndrome ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Down syndrome is caused by the presence of all or part of an extra 21st chromosome and is associated with some impairment of cognitive ability and physical growth, and a particular set of
Comfortable Temperature ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------You must provide a comfortable temperature whether it requires heat during cold months or air conditioning during hot months. Soothing decoration and artwork. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Appropriately chosen photographs, posters, artwork made by the children, and educational wall hangings should all be present and placed so that children can easily see them. Describe the problems that a caregiver might encounter because of the unwanted elements listed in your participant's guide. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Lack of storage space for classroom materials., toys and learning materials that are placed out of reach of small children. Cleaning supplies and chemicals located within reach of small children. This also includes other dangerous items such as sharp scissors or knives. Toilets too large to use and sinks too high to reach, uncomfortable furniture, unwanted noise pollution. also Areas or devices that restrict children, such as highchairs and car seats. (birth through 12-months) What is the purpose of the parent area? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------This area is used to receive children in the morning and return them to their parents in the afternoon. The parent area should facilitate the signing in and out of the children, and there should be a table for the attendance record and any pamphlets, flyers, or other information that the parents need to take home.
Describe and appropriately designed play area for infants. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------This area is used to engage infants in play activities and should be equipped with developmentally appropriate toys and supplies. The area should have soft carpet and area rugs to ensure a safe and comfortable experience while infants lay, crawl and roll around the area. Bars should be low to the ground but high enough to encourage grabbing and standing. What kinds of items are in the language area? ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------- ----This area is used for activities that stimulate an infant's development of language skills. Items that should be stored in this area include soft books with large bright pictures, vinyl mirrors and plush toys. Describe an appropriately designed feeding area for infants. Include the types of items and furniture that should be found in a feeding area. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------This area is used to facilitate the feeding of infants. There should be a refrigerator to store baby formula and food. All foods placed inside the refrigerator should be labeled with the child's name, the date the food was placed into the refrigerator, and any special instructions that are relevant to the child's feeding requirements. There should also be highchairs to use with children who are old enough, a rocking chair for soothing infants during feeding, and a sink to facilitate clean-up. What items should be kept in the diapering area? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------- --------This area is used to change diapers and should include an approved changing surface, garbage pail with closing lid, storage for diapers, lotions, baby powder, cleaning solution, soap and disposable latex gloves. There should also be a sink to facilitate clean-up.
What is a dramatic play/home living center used for? What items are found there? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------This center is used for pretend activities like dress-up, housekeeping and role-playing. Items kept in this center should include dress-up clothes such as hats, shoes, grown-up clothing, and costumes such as policeman or fireman. There should also be toys representing household items such as pots and pans, a stove and refrigerator, and tables and chairs. There can also be toys and materials such as baby dolls, baby bottles, blankets and toy cribs. Describe an appropriately designed block/construction center. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------This area includes items such as wooden, foam, cardboard or plastic blocks, and can also include related items such as toy cars, trucks and doll houses. Children should be encouraged to build and play with the materials in this center. Allow a large play space for this particular center since block towers will topple and toy cars need room to "drive." An art/creative expression center is used to encourage children to express themselves. What items can be used to achieve this goal? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------This center is used to allow children to express themselves through art projects. Art supplies should include drawing materials such as pencils, crayons and markers, painting supplies such as brushes, paint, easels, and paper, modeling clay, and cutting and pasting supplies. What kinds of items are typically found in a music/movement center? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------This center is used to listen to tapes and CDs of music that is appropriate for children. You can also include musical instruments designed for children.
From the section titled, "Room Arrangement," describe the key elements of an appropriate room arrangement for infants and toddlers. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------When arranging your classroom you need to first plan for safety, but also find a balance that ensures children are comfortable and feel welcome. From the section titled, "Infant and Toddler Playground Design," describe some outdoor activities that you use in your program, or write down some ideas for activities that you can use outdoors with infants and toddlers. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Sing songs or read stories about animals and the outdoors, place shovels and pails in the sandbox for a more interactive experience. Provide plastic animals and encourage dramatic play that represents the animals in nature. (safety) Age Appropriate Equipment and Materials: ---------CORRECT ANSWER------ -----------One of the most common causes of injuries in the child care environment is from equipment that is not designed for the developmental stage of the children that are using it. Equipment designed for older, taller and stronger children can cause injuries when used by children who do not have the necessary size or skill to use the equipment. Equipment and Materials should be in Good Repair: ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----
