BIO1110-TEST-1-REVIEW.REEDER 6/20/07
BIOL 1110 REEDER
TEST #1 REVIEW
Definition of Biology and Life
cellular structures with self-replicative capability
5 Characteristics of Life
1) Organization
Chemical level: atoms to compounds
Origins of Life: Oparin-Haldane Theory
(unique and repeated spontaneous generation)
Miller-Urey Experiment
Biological level: cells to organ systems
2) Responsiveness and awareness to environmental stimuli as well as integration and control
3) Metabolism
chemical reactions and energy processing
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
4) Reproduction
Programmed pattern in life cycle: significant to survival and species continuation
Heredity: DNA
Sexual (source of genetic variation) and asexual
5) Evolutionary Theory: Darwin and Wallace
“Descent with modifications” through time undirected
simple to the complex progression of life forms
Mutation and recombination as sources for change
Natural Selection leading to adaptation
(interaction of genetic material and environmental stimuli)
significance to reproductive capability
niches
“Survival of the Fittest”
Evidence for evolution: Paleontology, embryology, comparative anatomy, biogeography, molecular biology and
genetics, geology
First Life forms: 4 billion years ago
Characteristics: prokaryotic, anaerobic, heterotrophic, aquatic, bacteria-like
Taxonomy (Linnaeus)
8 principal taxa
6 Kingdom scheme: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria: formerly Monera or Prokaryotae, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
Species: definition
Binomial nomenclature: Genus species comprises the scientific name
Bacteria: strains
classification based on morphology (external and internal), behavior, and phylogeny
Exception to life’s characteristic
Viruses
The Scientific Method
Hypothesis, Theory, Law
Empirical: definition
Two types of Reasoning
Induction v. Deduction
Definitions of:
element, atom, molecule, compound
Subatomic particles and their characteristics: protons, neutrons, and electrons
significance of valence electrons to chemical properties and reactions
