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Dentistry made easy through simple notes and quick to memories, Schemes and Mind Maps of Dental Anatomy

Dentistry made easy Dental anatomy for clearing up basics and focusing better on dental materials and instruments . Basic gist of dental materials along with a pictorial presentation of dental materials which helps for better understanding of topics

Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps

2023/2024

Available from 01/12/2024

grizz-kim
grizz-kim 🇮🇳

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INSTRUMENTS & EQUIPMENTS
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INSTRUMENTS & EQUIPMENTS

Definition

Instruments:

Small hand held

devices that are

used for various

procedures while

treating a patient.

E.g. Mouth

mirrors, probes,

dressing pliers and

condensers.

Materials used for manufacturing instruments.

1. Carbon steel:

  • (^) they contain 0.5-

1.5% carbon.

  • (^) They are harder

and sharper

than stainless

steel, but tend

to corrode and

are prone for

fracture.

2.Stainless steel a) Pure stainless steel

  • (^) they are alloys composed of 70-85% iron, 15-25% chromium & 1-2% carbon. Most commonly used material for making dental instruments. They tend to lose their sharpness due to its repeated use. b) Stainless steel with teflon/titanium nitride coating - (^) This type of instruments are specially used for placement and handling of dental composites. - (^) Main advantage : composite does not stick to this coating and make placement of composites simplified.

Classification of Operative dental Instruments. Instruments are classified into 2 categories :

  1. Hand Instruments: Instruments which are used manually.
  2. Rotary Instruments : Instruments which are engine- driven.

Sturdevant classification

Parts of Hand
cutting instruments:

Hand cutting instruments are made up of three parts:

  1. Handle/shaft
  2. Shank
  3. Blade

Based on shank angles GV Black clalssified hand cutting instruments: A) Straight: No angles in the shank B) Monangle: One angle in the shank C) Bin-angle: Two angles in the shank D) Triple-angle: three angles in shank

Blade It is the working end of the hand cutting instrument. It is connected to handle by the means of shank. It ends in the cutting edge. a)Cutting edge: Edge of blade mainly for cutting action. b)Blade angle : angle between long axis of blade and shaft c)Cutting edge angle : angle between margin of cutting edge and long axis of shaft.

According to G.V. Black, Instruments can be named as…….. 1.Order: Purpose or Function of instrument. Eg, Excavator 2.Sub-order: Position or Manner of Use of instrument. Eg, pull and push 3.Class: Form of working end of instrument. Eg, Chisel, Hatchet

4. Sub-class: Shape of the shank. Eg, Bin-angle Combining all these points, the Instruments can be named. Naming- usually moves from 4 to 1

Example……

Bin-angle hatchet push excavator. Generally sub-order is not useful and thus omitted. Thus, named as Bin-angle hatchet excavator Bin angle- Shank angle hatchet - Working end excavator - Purpose