Docsity
Docsity

Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity


Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan


Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips

Determining a Consensus Sequence Activity, Lecture notes of Genetics

In 1986, Marilyn Kozak examined thousands of human genes to determine the consensus sequence surrounding the initiation of translation site.

Typology: Lecture notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

alexey
alexey 🇺🇸

4.7

(20)

326 documents

1 / 3

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
Determining a Consensus Sequence Activity Page 1
A consensus sequence is determined by aligning many nucleotide (or protein) sequences
that share a common function, then determining the most commonly expressed nucleotide
(or amino acid) at each position. Often conserved sequences reflect a common function or
binding domain. In this exercise you will identify important nucleotides in the region for the
initiation of translation.
Below is a table that lists the nucleotide sequence surrounding the AUG start codon
(highlighted) for ten human genes. For each column, tally the frequency of each nucleotide
(A, G, C and U) in the table below.
Exploring Further
Determining a Consensus Sequence Activity
pf3

Partial preview of the text

Download Determining a Consensus Sequence Activity and more Lecture notes Genetics in PDF only on Docsity!

A consensus sequence is determined by aligning many nucleotide (or protein) sequences that share a common function, then determining the most commonly expressed nucleotide (or amino acid) at each position. Often conserved sequences reflect a common function or binding domain. In this exercise you will identify important nucleotides in the region for the initiation of translation. Below is a table that lists the nucleotide sequence surrounding the AUG start codon (highlighted) for ten human genes. For each column, tally the frequency of each nucleotide (A, G, C and U) in the table below.

Exploring Further

Determining a Consensus Sequence Activity

Determining a Consensus Sequence Activity (continued)

Because there are four nucleotides that are possible at each position in the sequence, if the distribution of these nucleotides is totally random, you would expect the frequency of each nucleotide to be ¼,.or 25%. This is a small sample, so we don’t expect a perfect match to this distribution. Look for any position at which one of the nucleotides is present very frequently

  • let’s say 7-10 times. Write the letter representing these consensus nucleotides in the table below. If no nucleotide occurs at least 7 times in a column, leave the box empty. In 1986, Marilyn Kozak examined thousands of human genes to determine the consensus sequence surrounding the initiation of translation site. The sequence is called the Kozak sequence in recognition of her work. In addition to lining up the genes as you did above, Dr. Kozak made changes in the nucleotide sequence in the region of the consensus. When the changes were more similar to the consensus, the protein was made more often; when the changes were more different than the consensus, the protein was made less often. The gene she used for these experiments was the insulin gene. We now know that there are slight variations in the consensus sequence between eukaryotic species. Frequently a consensus sequence is written like this: At a given position, the size of each nucleotide reflects its frequency. The most frequently occurring nucleotide appears on top. Compare your consensus with the Kozak sequence. How well do they match? Note that the actual frequency of each nucleotide differs between your consensus and the Kozak sequence. Why do you think there is such a difference?