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Sociology of Deviance: Terms, Definitions, and Theories, Quizzes of Introduction to Sociology

Definitions and explanations of key terms related to the sociology of deviance, including deviance, crime, social control, norms, sanctions, internalization, social facts, durkheim's perspective, strain theory, opportunity theory, and differential association theory. It also covers labeling theory and control theory.

Typology: Quizzes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 03/02/2010

elkenworthy1209
elkenworthy1209 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
Deviance
DEFINITION 1
the violation of social norms
TERM 2
Crime
DEFINITION 2
the violation of norms that have been formally enacted into
laws
TERM 3
social Control
DEFINITION 3
attempts by society to regulate behavior Ex: limit deviance
TERM 4
norms
DEFINITION 4
rules of society; expected behaviors
TERM 5
Sanctions
DEFINITION 5
ways in which society compels us to obey norms
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Deviance

the violation of social norms TERM 2

Crime

DEFINITION 2 the violation of norms that have been formally enacted into laws TERM 3

social Control

DEFINITION 3 attempts by society to regulate behavior Ex: limit deviance TERM 4

norms

DEFINITION 4 rules of society; expected behaviors TERM 5

Sanctions

DEFINITION 5 ways in which society compels us to obey norms

Positive Sanctions

rewards for following the norms or using normatively TERM 7

Negative Sanctions

DEFINITION 7 punishments for breaking the norms TERM 8

Formal Sanction

DEFINITION 8 Ex: if you don't study you get a "D" TERM 9

Informal Sanctions

DEFINITION 9 Ex: talking in class and getting on someone else's nerves TERM 10

Internalization

DEFINITION 10 norms become internalized when we do not even think about why we do or do not do certain things

Opportunity Theory

This theory begins with Strain Theory, but adds that the type of deviance that people participate in depends on the opportunities available. If one's environment offers readily available alternatives, then when faced with the means/goals strain one will likely resort to that alternative. Thus, poor neighborhoods with wealthy neighbors or near shopping centers might develop a subculture of thieves, whereas those with little wealth but access to alcohol and drugs might develop a retreatist subculture. TERM 17

Differential Association Theory

DEFINITION 17 ~Takes an interaction approach to deviance ~People learn what is normative and what is deviant through socialization ~If parents, peers, etc. see something as non-deviant then so will the child TERM 18

Labeling Theory

DEFINITION 18

  1. Person commits deviant act (primary deviance) 2. Person is labeled as a deviant and informally sanctioned accordingly. 3. The sanctioning tends to drive the person to commit the act consistently (secondary deviance). Also, once someone has been labeled a deviant, sanctions are less of a fear. TERM 19

Stigma

DEFINITION 19 a powerful label that changes a person's identity TERM 20

Control Theory

DEFINITION 20 All of us want to commit some deviance, but the thought of informal sanctions is generally enough to limit deviance.

4 ways society maintains social control of an

individual

  1. attachment- those with weak attachments to society more likely to commit deviance 2. Opportunity- those with less access to legitimate opportunities and more access to deviant opportunities are more likely to commit deviance 3. Involvement- those less involved in legitimate activities are more likely to commit deviance 4. Belief- those who believe strongly in teh values and norms of society are less likely to commit deviance