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DHN 101 Exam Review | Questions and answers
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Which of the following is NOT a key nutrition concept? ✔✔The best way for people to obtain all the essential nutrients is to consume dietary supplements. Which of the following is NOT a biological or physiological factor that influences a person's food choices? ✔✔Emotional stress level Which of the following is NOT true about water? ✔✔Water is necessary for immune function Which of the following statements is true? ✔✔In the United States, poor eating habits contribute to some of the ten leading causes of death. Most Americans purchase less than recommended amounts of ________. ✔✔Fruits Which of the following is NOT a requirement to become a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN)? ✔✔Obtain a culinary certificate of training An essential nutrient ___________ ✔✔Must be supplied by the diet Which of the following conditions is NOT a leading cause of death in the United States? ✔✔Tuberculosis
Studying nutrition is important to __________ ✔✔learn about the nutritional value of foods and effects diet can have on health. Which of the following conditions or diseases is a leading diet-related cause of death in the United States? ✔✔Stroke Consuming a diet that supplies large amounts of certain types of fat increase one's risk of developing heart disease. Thus, a diet that supplies an excessive amount of such fats is a _______ for heart disease ✔✔Risk factor Which of the following substances is a nutrient that does NOT supply any energy for the human body? ✔✔Vitamin D Which of the following is NOT a major factor impacting a person's food choices? ✔✔Blood type Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals? ✔✔Blueberries Which of the following is typically NOT an environmental factor in what people eat? ✔✔Negative food- related experiences The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) issues the Healthy People report every ____ years. ✔✔ 10 Which of the following statements is TRUE? ✔✔Most foods are mixtures of nutrients.
Which of the following foods is NOT a rich natural source of phytochemicals? ✔✔Lean meat Which of the following foods is both energy and nutrient-dense? ✔✔Peanut butter Per serving, which of the following foods is the most energy-dense? ✔✔ 4 - ounce chocolate doughnut Which of the following is NOT included in the Healthy People report? ✔✔International goals and measurable objectives to guide evidence-based policies Which of the following lifestyle choices is the primary cause of preventable cancer deaths in the United States? ✔✔Smoking cigarettes Which of the following describe a conditionally essential nutrient? ✔✔All of the choices are correct. Which of the following statements is FALSE? ✔✔In order for a dietary supplement to be on the market, all research studies on the supplement must show a beneficial effect on health. Which of the following statements is true? ✔✔Nutrient-deficiency diseases develop when diets lack essential nutrients Scientists who investigate lifestyle factors that influence the prevalence of obesity among different population groups are conducting a(n) _____ study ✔✔Epidemiological
Phil is a participant in a study designed to examine the effects of taking a dietary supplement on muscle tissue development. Phil suspects he is in the experimental group, because he is certain his muscles are bigger and stronger as a result of taking the product supplied by the researchers. When the study is completed, Phil learns that he did not receive the dietary supplement. Phil thinks the researchers made a mistake--he is certain his muscle mass increased while he took the supplement. According to this information, Phil's belief that his physical condition improved while he participated in the study is an example of ____ ✔✔The placebo effect Dr. Joseph Goldberger's scientific finding about the cause of pellagra was not welcomed by members of the medical community. ✔✔True Which of the following are common signs or symptoms of pellagra? ✔✔Mental confusion and scaly skin sores Derek takes protein supplements before and after his workouts. He told his workout partner that he became 200% stronger within a couple of months after he added the supplements to his diet. His report about the effects of the supplements is an example of a(n) ________. ✔✔Anecdote Zack takes 500 mg of vitamin C daily. He advises his friends to take vitamin C supplements because, he claims, the vitamin protects him from cold viruses. His claim about the usefulness of the vitamin is an ✔✔Ancedote Pellagra is an infectious disease ✔✔False During an online interview, Dr. Ima Quack provides the following statement, "Most Americans suffer from nutritional-deficiency diseases and will develop cancer within the next 10 years because they are
The professional football star Andro "The Man" McGraw claims the dietary supplement AminoProFix helped him build muscle mass quickly and safely. His endorsement of the product is an example of ________ ✔✔a testimonial Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation? ✔✔Women who smoke 5 or more cigarettes each day during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to underweight babies than women who smoke fewer than 5 cigarettes a day during pregnancy. Actress Lotta Talent appears in commercials endorsing the herbal supplement hoodia for weight loss. Her endorsement is an example of a(n) ______ ✔✔Testimonial A group of registered dietitian nutritionists is planning to conduct a scientific study to investigate the effects of eating honey on behavior in school-aged children. To start, the researchers will ✔✔Make observations A group of scientists suspects that certain dietary practices are partially responsible for different rates of hypertension among adults of different ethnic/racial groups. To test their hypothesis, the researchers examine data concerning the different population groups' hypertension rates and their past dietary practices. This research is a ________ study. ✔✔Retrospective Which of the following websites is most likely a source of biased and unreliable nutrition information? ✔✔dietsnomore4u.com
Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation? ✔✔When a population's vitamin D intake decreases, the percentage of people in the population that have healthy immune systems decreases. An online advertisement for a weight-loss product includes before and after photos of a woman who supposedly lost 50 pounds in 3 weeks while taking the product. The bottom of the ad includes the statement, "Results are not typical." This statement is an example of a(n) ________. ✔✔Disclaimer Which of the following sources of information features peer-reviewed articles? ✔✔Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics A group of nutrition researchers interviews 100 adults who have heart disease to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets low in fiber during adolescence and developing heart disease in adulthood. This study is an example of a ________ study. ✔✔Retrospective Which of the following statements is true? ✔✔The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution often protects people who spread nutrition misinformation Which of the following statements is true? ✔✔In general, registered dietitian nutritionists are reliable sources of nutrition information Which of the following statements is true? ✔✔A scientists's professional affiliations and sources of financial support may influence his or her research findings
The food plans available at www.myplate.gove are based solely on age, sex, and estimated level of physical activity ✔✔False Which of the following statements are true? ✔✔The traditional Mediterranean diet supplies more olive oil and fish than the traditional American diet The Choose Your Foods Tool allows you to ✔✔Estimate your carbohydrate intake Which of the following topics is one of the four overarching guidelines of the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans? ✔✔Focus on meeting food group needs with nutrient-dense foods and beverages, and stay within calorie limits Which of the following sources of oils would be recommended as part of a healthy diet? ✔✔Avocado Which of the following topics is one of the four overarching guidelines of the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans? ✔✔Follow a healthy dietary pattern at every life stage Foods that are "high fiber" supply ______ or more fiber per serving ✔✔5 grams According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, a healthy eating pattern includes foods ________. ✔✔from all five food groups and oils but limits saturated fats, added sugars, and sodium Which of the following statements is true? ✔✔Most food guides classify eggs in the protein foods group
The label on a bag of salt-free pretzels indicates that the chips are "low-fat." This means the pretzels provide ________ gram(s) of fat or less per serving. ✔✔ 3 The Dietary Guidelines are updated by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture about every ________ years. ✔✔ 5 According to the MyPlate guidelines, fruits and vegetables should account for about ________ of the food on a person's plate. ✔✔one-half A diet that supplies adequate amounts of nutrients prevents _______. ✔✔nutrient-deficiency disorders According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, most healthy adults should limit their daily sodium intake to less than ________ mg/day. ✔✔ 2300 Which of the following statements is true? ✔✔Conventional farming systems have limited restrictions on the use of fertilizers Which of the following does NOT affect nutrient needs? ✔✔Ethnicity Which of the following statements is true? ✔✔The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 65% of total energy intake Food guides usually classify sunflower and other seeds in the _____ group. ✔✔protein
A refined grain product that has iron, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folic acid added to replace amounts lost during processing has been _______, ✔✔enriched Which of the following statements is true? ✔✔People can have energy needs that are higher or lower than the Estimated Energy Requirement. An organic farming operation would not use natural pest management strategies ✔✔False Dietary recommendations for _______ were not addressed in the guidelines prior to the 2020- 2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. ✔✔infants, birth through 24 months Use of certain medications may increase an individual's nutrient needs. ✔✔True Which of the following statements is true? ✔✔Daily Values are dietary standards developed for food labeling purposes. Hispanic, Mediterranean, and Asian Diets, traditionally include small amounts of _______. ✔✔animal foods Which of the following standards can help you compare nutritional contents of packaged foods to make more healthful choices? ✔✔%DVs
The Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee prepares a Scientific Report that typically contains recommendations for the development of the final Dietary Guidelines for Americans. ✔✔True To establish a nutrient's RDA, nutrition scientists add ________ of the nutrient to its EAR. ✔✔a "margin of safety" amount The _______ is the middle segment of the small intestine. ✔✔jejunum Chyme moves from the stomach into the ✔✔duodenum The ______ is the third segment of the small intestine. ✔✔ileum Lucia's three-year old daughter has been vomiting frequently over the past two hours and she is worried. Lucia is trying to decide whether or not to contact her daughter's pediatrician. Which of the following would be reasons to contact the pediatrician's office? ✔✔All of the choices are correct Parietal cells secrete ions that form ________ in the stomach. ✔✔hydrochloric acid The ileocecal sphincter is located between the ileum and ✔✔ascending colon Live microorganisms that help control the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the large intestine are known as prebiotics. ✔✔False
The innermost layer of the wall of the GI tract is the ✔✔mucosa April is starting to train for hotdog eating contests. She is curious about the maximum capacity of the stomach. About what is believed to be the maximum capacity of the stomach? ✔✔16 cups After moving through the ileocecal sphincter, unabsorbed water and undigested remains of chyme enter the jejunum. ✔✔False The ________ sphincter is located between the stomach and small intestine. ✔✔pyloric Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach? ✔✔Bile The surface area of the small intestine is about the size of ✔✔a regulation singles tennis court The ________ helps form feces by absorbing excess water and some minerals from chyme. ✔✔large intestine Which of the following typically acts as a probiotic? ✔✔Yogurt Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome often includes making dietary changes and ✔✔learning stress management strategies
Small amounts of food move from the back of the mouth and through the esophagus by involuntary muscular movements called ✔✔peristalsis The ________ is important for transporting absorbed nutrients from the GI tract to the liver. ✔✔hepatic portal vein Which of the following is not a function of cholecystokinin? ✔✔Control the secretion of mucus by the mucus cells The process of digesting food begins in the ✔✔mouth Risk factors for constipation include all of the following except ✔✔drinking too much water The ________ is an accessory organ of the digestive system. ✔✔pancrease All of the following are examples of fermented foods except ✔✔quinoa Which of the following substances is secreted by the human stomach? ✔✔Gastric juice Absorption of _______ occurs in the large intestine. ✔✔water and minerals Antibiotic usage often leads to microflora imbalance in the digestive tract. ✔✔True
