Download Dog Training: Multiple Choice Questions and Answers and more Study Guides, Projects, Research Animal Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
Ultimate CPDT-KA Study Guide Exam
operant conditioning - ANS-learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment. classical conditioning - ANS-a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response that is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone. positive reinforcement - ANS-Increasing behaviors by presenting positive stimuli, such as food or a toy. positive reinforcer - ANS-any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response negative reinforcement - ANS-the removal of an adverse stimulus which is 'rewarding' to the animal or person. It strengthens behavior because it stops or removes an unpleasant experience.' negative punishment - ANS-a certain reinforcing stimulus is removed after a specific undesired behavior is exhibited, resulting in the behavior happening less often in the future. positive punishment - ANS-the administration of a stimulus to decrease the probability of a behavior's recurring Aversive - ANS-Any circumstance or event that causes pain, fear, or emotional discomfort. Tending to avoid or causing avoidance of a noxious or punishing stimulus. Back-chaining - ANS-The transfer of control of a learned response from one cue to another cue that consistently occurs prior to the first cue. Captured behavior - ANS-Reinforcing an animal in the act of performing the complete behavior. Chaining - ANS-A series of individual behaviors in which an animal is trained to perform in sequence. Each behavior provides the cue for the next behavior, and only the last behavior in the chain results in delivery of a primary reinforcer. conditioned reinforcer - ANS-a stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer; also known as a secondary reinforcer counter conditioning - ANS-a behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning
Desensitization - ANS-The process of increasing an animal's tolerance to a particular stimulus by gradually increasing the presence of the stimulus. Extinction - ANS-The process of decreasing behavior by permanently removing the maintaining reinforcer. When operant behavior that has been previously reinforced no longer produces reinforcing consequences the behavior gradually stops occurring. Fading - ANS-To slowly remove all prompts so that the cue (SD) alone leads to the behavior. fixed duration - ANS-A schedule of reinforcement, which sets the rule that the target behavior must be exhibited continuously for a specified period of time, at which point reinforcement is delivered. fixed interval - ANS-A schedule of reinforcement, which sets the rule that reinforcement is delivered immediately following the first response exhibited after a specific interval of time has passed. fixed ratio - ANS-A schedule of reinforcement, which sets the rule that reinforcement is delivered following the final response after a fixed number of responses have occurred. Flooding - ANS-A form of behavior therapy, based on the principles of respondent extinction, in which a subject is exposed, usually at full intensity, to an aversive stimulus, where escape behavior is prevented, until escape responding ceases. Habituation - ANS-The diminishing of an instinctive response to a frequently repeated stimulus. Therefore people or animals become used to something, so that they no longer find it unpleasant or think it is a threat intermittent reinforcement - ANS-Reinforcement is given only part of the time a subject gives the desired response. interval reinforcement - ANS-It is a schedule of reinforcement where the first response is rewarded only after a specified amount of time has elapsed. Latency - ANS-the time between the cue and the beginning of the pet's response, the behavior. neutral stimulus - ANS-A stimulus that does not evoke or elicit the behavior in question. Premack Principle - ANS-A principle that states that making the opportunity to engage in a high-probability behavior contingent on the occurrence of a low-frequency behavior will function as reinforcement for the low-frequency behavior. antecedent - ANS-Any stimulus present in the environment before the behavior occurs
Describe the benefits of neutering male dogs. - ANS-helps stop overpopulation, less roaming, less territorial marking, less aggression towards male dogs, prevents prostate problems, no chance of testicular cancer Describe the benefits of spaying female dogs - ANS-helps stop overpopulation, prevents hormonal mood swings, prevents pyometra (infection of uterus); if dog is spayed before 1st heat cycle it reduces the chance of mammary cancer How much fat does the average adult dog need in his diet? - ANS-5% How much fat does a puppy need in his diet? - ANS-8% How much protein does the average adult dog need? - ANS-18% How much protein does a puppy need? - ANS-22% Sugar starches and cellulose are examples of what? - ANS-Carbohydrates Too much fat in dog's diet causes obesity and plays a roll in the development of ___________ - ANS-Pancreatitis _____________ forms glucose and assists in the digestion of nutrients. - ANS- Carbohydrates What helps provide energy, supply skin, healthy coat and vitamin absorption? - ANS-Fat What is a sign that your dog's protein isn't highly digestible? - ANS-High volume of feces What is the best type of food for a large-breed puppy? - ANS-either Large Breed Puppy Food or Adult Maintenance Food What is the most critical component in dog food? - ANS-Protein What's the typical amount of fiber in dog/puppy food? - ANS- 3 - 6% When feeding, adult dogs should ____________ than puppies/adolescents - ANS-eat less than puppies/adolescent Why is fiber important in a canine's diet? - ANS-Helps intestinal contents absorb water, forming stools which are readily expelled. You should stop feeding large breed puppy food when puppy has reached ________ of anticipated adult weight. - ANS-80%
True or False: Only animal source proteins are complete. - ANS-True True or False: You should always follow the recommended serving amount on dog food bags? - ANS-False: you should NOT, most dog foods recommend TOO much food About ________ of adult dogs who get distemper die from the disease? - ANS-50% About ______ of puppies who get distemper die from the disease? - ANS-80% All are symptoms of Parvovirus EXCEPT: A) Bloody Diarrhea B) Dehydration C) Increased appetite D) Vomiting - ANS-Increased Appetite is not a symptom of Parvovirus All are symptoms of whipworms EXCEPT: A) Potbelly B) Weight Loss C) Anemia D) Diarrhea - ANS-Potbelly is not a symptom of Whipworms Animals infected with leptospirosis shed large amounts of bacteria in their _______ - ANS-Urine Canine Adenovirus and Canine Panainfluenza Virus can cause ________. - ANS- Kennel Cough Dogs that survive distemper may develop one of the following permanent disabilities EXCEPT: A) Seizures B) Deafness C) Blindness D) Lameness - ANS-Deafness What's another name for "Bloat" - ANS-Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus How do animals commonly get leptospirosis? - ANS-Drinking infected water How do dogs get tapeworm? - ANS-Eating fleas, mammals (like rats) or raw meat How do dogs typically get roundworm? - ANS-From their mother's milk How many kind of worms are there? - ANS- 5 what could happen if a dog bites a person and the dog has not been vaccinated for rabies? - ANS-Can be impounded and euthanized
What kind of worms latch on to intestines and gnaw causing blood loss? - ANS- Whipworms and Hookworms What kind of worms that cause intestinal blockage do puppies get from their mothers? - ANS-Roundworms What type of diseases are transmittable between animals and humans? - ANS-Zoonotic When are dogs with Kennel Cough infectious? - ANS-Before symptoms, during, and after they have recovered When are ticks most active? - ANS-May - Sept What are symptom of leptospirosis? - ANS-Fever/chills, Diarrhea/Vomiting/Bloody Urine, Lethargy What is a symptom of distemper? - ANS-Pneumonia, Diarrhea, Tremors What is a symptom of Rabies? - ANS-Aggression, Salivation, Paralysis Which of the following statements is false? Obesity in dogs can ______________________________? A) Cause impaired mobility? B) Lower the risk of arthritis? C) Cause Kidney disease D) Increase the risk of heart disease - ANS-Lower the risk of arthritis Your dog has a persistent, hacking cough. When should you call the vet? - ANS-After 24 hours True or False: Even with medical care, the outcome of leptospirosis is always fatal. - ANS-False: its not fatal if animals receives medical care True or False: Giving joint supplements to young dogs is recommended. - ANS-False: if a young dog has joint damage, supplements could mask the pain and delay diagnosis or treatment True or False: Humans can get leptospirosis. - ANS-True True or False: Dogs cannot transmit Kennel Cough if they cough soon after receiving the kennel cough vaccine. - ANS-False: Dogs CAN transmit the disease if they cough after vaccination True or False: Lyme Disease is a virus. - ANS-False: Its a bacteria
True or False: Sneezing and pneumonia are symptoms of Kennel Cough. - ANS-False: Coughing and Pneumonia are symptoms of Kennel Cough True or False: Vaccinated puppies can still contract parvovirus. - ANS-True: What happens when leptospirosis enters the body? - ANS-Leptospirosis enters the blood stream and travels to different body parts to replicate and damage. It likes to grow in kidneys and cause renal failure Give 7 examples of orthopedic problems - ANS-Hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, Pateelar Luxation, Ruptured Cruciate Ligament, Invertabral Disc Disease, Panosteitis, Arthritis What are 8 diseases you can vaccinate against? - ANS-Rabies, Distemper, Parvovirus, infectious, canine hepatitis, coronavirus, kennel cough, lyme disease, leptospirosis What happens if a dog's body is attacked by parvovirus? - ANS-Cells that line the small intestine are killed. As a result, the dog cannot absorb fluids in intestine and the dog will develop bloody diarrhea and vomitting. What happens when distemper enters the body? - ANS-It spreads in blood to al lymph nodes and kills lymphocytes there. Virus might collect in lungs and become pneumonia, in gastrointestinal tract - diarrhea, dehydration. in brain: encephalitis, seizures, paralysis A dog's sense of smell is thought to be at least _______ times keener than ours. - ANS- 100% Greyhounds, poodles, and salukis are ________ breeds. - ANS-Dolichocephalic By smelling another dog, dogs can identify all of the following EXCEPT: A) Sex B) Breed C) Age D) Health and Reproductive State - ANS-Breed Brachycephalic - ANS-Short head or broad headed Dogs are more likely to see ________ objects and ignore _______ objects. (small, stationary, moving) - ANS-moving, stationary The area inside of a dog's nose is _______ times larger than ours - ANS- 14 True or False: Dogs are color blind - ANS-False: Dogs are NOT color blind, but it is harder for them to distinguish between certain colors (i.e. red and green look similar. True or False: Humans can see better than dogs - ANS-True
When do puppies gain fill use of their senses? - ANS-Second Stage of Socialization Period When does a dog reach the 6th developmental stage? - ANS- 1 - 1.5 years True or False: Puppies learn to play with people during the 2nd stage of the Socialization period. - ANS-False: This typically occurs during the 3rd state of the socialization period True or False: Dogs reach sexual maturity during adolescence - ANS-True True or False: The socialization period is considered the third developmental period. - ANS-True True or False: Puppies begin to eat solid food during the 3rd stage of the socialization Period. - ANS-False, Puppies begin to eat solid food during the 1st stage of the socialization period. True or False: Small-breed dogs take longer to mature than larger breeds - ANS-False: Larger breeds can take up to 18 months to reach maturity Describe the social and physical developmental that occurs during the newborn period.
- ANS-Puppy mostly sleeps and suckles, crawls, seeks warmth, mother stimulates urination and defecation by licking, eyes open at 10-14 days but vision is poor. What physical developmental happens during the Transitional Period? - ANS-teeth erupt, puppy starts walking, can lap liquid, ear open, develop sense of smell, can start to potty on his own. Phylogeny - ANS-the evolutionary history of an organism What is NOT a motivator for all canine behavior, according to Ray Coppinger? A) Dominance B) Food acquisition C) Hazard avoidance D) Reproductive behaviors - ANS-Dominance Fixed action pattern - ANS-Specific examples of innate behavior. Once triggered, the pattern must be carried to completion before the animal stops. Can behavior modification alter a fixed action pattern? - ANS-Yes Which is more likely to influence animal behavior, nature (genetics) or learning (nurture)? - ANS-Both work together, and cannot be separated
If you can see the whites of a dog's eye in a half moon shape, this means....... - ANS- The dog is worried - give the dog space If a dog yawns when children are petting him, this can indicate..... - ANS-He is stressed and does not enjoy the petting What are the three main responses of a fearful animal? - ANS-Freezing, Fleeing & Fighting When an animal is fearful, one way to make the animal more comfortable is by .......... - ANS-Squatting to be on the animals level. but do it from a distance In dog breeds, if you select for a change in looks, you also get ....... - ANS-A change in behavior Three categories of canine behavior - ANS-Reproductive behavior, hazard avoidance, and food acquisition True or False: A dog's temperament is exactly half the result of genetics and half environment - ANS-False A defensive dog is ____________ A) Afraid of something B) Will never bite anyone C) Makes the best pet for children D) Just needs to get over it - ANS-Afraid of something Which sex will mark territory? - ANS-All Anthropomorphism - ANS-assigning human characteristics or behavior to inanimate objects or animals Early experience is vital because it...... - ANS-Affects the brain's development What does the limbic system control? - ANS-emotions What species (or subspecies) is canis lupus otherwise known as? - ANS-Dogs and wolves What species is canine familiaris otherwise known as? - ANS-Domestic Dog How long ago do biologists suspect that dogs branched off from wolves? - ANS-80,
- 130,000 years ago According to Ray Coppinger, did people purposefully domesticate wolves by artificial selection? - ANS-No, there is no solid evidence
One week after hearing a lecture, on average, what percentage does someone remember? - ANS-10% What is the most effective means of learning? - ANS-Doing it One week after practicing in a training class, on average, what percentage does someone remember? - ANS-50% You have a client in class whose dog, Rover, barks constantly. What would be the most effective way to ensure the client understands the behavior needs to change? A) Mention Rover's barking while teaching in front of the group, so she understands how distruptive it is B) Say to her, "It's clear Rover barks constantly, we need to teach him to be quiet. Here, give him to me." C) Ignore it, she's clearly uninterested in changing the behavior D) Say, "Rover sure has a lot to say! If he's bored in class, you should try keeping him mentally stimulated by .... (give suggestions here)" - ANS-Say, "Rover sure has a lot to say! If he's bored in class, you should try keeping him mentally stimulated by .... (give suggestions here)" How should a dog trainer handle an owner with limited mobility? A. Refer owner to another trainer more qualified B. Tell the owner to bring a friend to assist C. Train the dog, and when the training is completed, give the dog back to the owner with instructions D. Discuss a variety of options and agree on reasonable accommodations - ANS- Discuss a variety of options and agree on reasonable accommodations Which of the following are the most important for the average pet dog owner to learn from a puppy class? A. How to teach the dog to sit and do tricks B. How to teach the dog precision heeling and straight sits C. How to housetrain the dog and control mouthing/chewing D. How to recognize and deal with aggression towards humans or animals - ANS-How to housetrain the dog and control mouthing/chewing What is opposition reflex? A. A person's natural reaction to disagree with what you are saying B. A dog's natural resistance to pressure C. A defense mechanism for someone who feels judged or criticized D. A dog's natural response to do the opposite of what they've been told - ANS-A dog's natural resistance to pressure What is NOT a good characteristic of a handout? A. Use the same terminology used in class
B. Cover multiple topics C. Use illustrations to make them appealing and easy to identify D. Include enough blank space for note taking - ANS-Cover multiple topics When working with a handler with disabilities, what question should you ask yourself? A. Is the client physically capable of doing the work? B. Is your client intellectually capable of learning? C. Is your environment set up to accommodate them? D. All of the above - ANS-All of the above Who should get the most time and attention from you in a training class? A. The student having the most difficulty B. The very good student C. Everyone should get the same amount of attention, regardless of how they're doing in class D. The student with the cutest puppy - ANS-Everyone should get the same amount of attention, regardless of how they're doing in class What is a common mistake new trainers make? A. Overload of information B. Poor handling of questions C. Not being prepared D. Not having a demonstration dog ready - ANS-Not having a demonstration dog ready Direct warnings, interrogation and probing is A. Apt to be a roadblock for further communication B. The best way to let a student know you're serious about your job C. The only way to make a distinction between right and wrong D. How to handle an upset client - ANS-Apt to be a roadblock for further communication Which is an example of active listening? A. While you speak, move around a lot to keep your students attention on you B. Repeating in your own words what a client has told you C. Asking for more details after every point the student makes D. Stay very quiet and still while the person is talking, as not to interrupt - ANS- Repeating in your own words what a client has told you A successful instructor will A. Conduct the majority of exercises by reinforcing the good behavior rather than waiting for the dog to make a mistake and then punishing the inappropriate behavior B. Give owners a measure of individual attention and coaching, rather than simply calling out general instructions C. Be enthusiastic and animated, but keep the class under control D. All of the above - ANS-All of the above
What is the main objective in a pet dog manners class? A. Teach the basics; sit, down, stay, come, etc. B. Help families and their dogs live together happily in their neighborhood C. Teach the owners what behaviors to punish and what to reward D. Teach precision heeling and straight sits - ANS-Help families and their dogs live together happily in their neighborhood Should dog body language be taught in classes? A. No, too much information B. No, but give your clients a handout covering it C. Yes, it will help clients understand their dog and help in training D. Yes, but only to those who have a difficult dog that needs help - ANS-Yes, it will help clients understand their dog and help in training When teaching an exercise, the acronym EDICT can be helpful. What does it stand for? A. Explain, Demonstrate, Instruct, Coach, Train B. Explain, Define, Instruct, Coach, Train C. Explain, Demonstrate, Instruct, Clarify, Train D. Explain, Define, Instruct, Coach, Tailor - ANS-Explain, Demonstrate, Instruct, Coach, Train What is a good format for homework assignments? A. Goal Oriented - Describes what the exercise should look like before next week B. Time Oriented - Tells them how much time to spend on each exercise C. Personal Best - Have each student set a personal goal for each exercise next week D. All of the above - ANS-All of the above What is the biggest advantage to using a client's dog as a demonstration dog? A. To show how to deal with a wide variety of responses B. Because the clients will enjoy seeing you use their dogs C. There isn't an advantage to using a client's dog D. To show all dogs can learn - ANS-To show how to deal with a wide variety of responses What is a potential pitfall to using a client's dog in a demonstration? A. That you may have to try multiple methods to teach a behavior B. That the owner may feel embarassed or singled out C. That a distracted dog may cause you to look inexperienced D. All of the above - ANS-That the owner may feel embarassed or singled out What is an advantage to using your own dog as a demonstration? A. You will look like a great trainer B. You know your dog will reliably perform the behaviors as needed C. You will be able to to proof your dog around distractions
D. All of the above - ANS-You know your dog will reliably perform the behaviors as needed What is a potential pitfall to using your own dog as a demonstration A. It may be difficult to talk to the class and handle your dog B. Students may believe those results aren't achievable as they aren't C. It may put too much stress on your dog D. All of the above - ANS-All of the above An important rule for demonstrations is the acronym KISS, what does it stand for? A. Keep It Short and Simple B. Keep it Simple Stupid C. Keep it Stupid Simple D. Keep it Simplistically Smart - ANS-Keep It Short and Simple What is another way to demonstrate, without using a dog? A. Ask for a human volunteer B. Use a hand puppet C. Use a 2x4" dog D. All of the above - ANS-All of the above Which is a better option for a training class, indoors or outdoors? A. Indoors B. Outdoors C. Both have their advantages, it's up to the trainers preference D. Depends on the weather trends of that location - ANS-Indoors An owner is discouraged over her dog's progress in training and admits that she is ready to quit. The trainer, however, feels that the dog has improved. Which of the following is most likely to encourage the owner to continue? A. Suggest she interview other trainers B. Tell her everything is fine and that her dog is making great progress C. Point out the changes in behavior and detail the progress the trainer has seen D. Explain the trainer is the expert and she should trust the trainer's opinion - ANS-Point out the changes in behavior and detail the progress the trainer has seen What should you consider when selecting a training site? A. Is water available? B. What type of flooring does the site have? C. What are the acoustics like? D. All of the above - ANS-All of the above If a behavior is explained and then demonstrated, owners will be
C. Make arrangements to follow up with the client in a timely manner D. Take the time to answer the question and let the next client wait - ANS-Make arrangements to follow up with the client in a timely manner When attempting to show a class how to teach a dog a new skill to their dogs, which of the following dogs should be chosen for the demonstration? A. A dog that is clingy with its owner B. A dog that lacks confidence and can use the practice C. A well trained dog that already knows how to perform the skill D. A dog that is receptive to the instructor and learning the skill for the first time - ANS-A dog that is receptive to the instructor and learning the skill for the first time A trainer would most likely suggest that an owner not return to class and seek private training when a dog A. Whines constantly in class B. Displays signs of stress in class C. Is not motivated by food or toys in class D. Snaps at people or other dogs in class - ANS-Snaps at people or other dogs in class Which of the following is the best reason for arranging owners in a semi-circle? A. Allows the owners to see and hear the trainer B. Takes up less training space C. Is the traditional way to set up a classroom D. Reduces excessive barking - ANS-Allows the owners to see and hear the trainer If a dog is continually barking and lunging at the other dogs during the first class, the best way to handle this situation during class so it can continue is for the instructor to A. Suggest the client start with a private training B. Suggest the client pet and reassure the dog when it is barking C. Suggest the client work with the instructor to stop or lessen the undesirable behavior D. Put the client behind a barrier low enough for the client to see over that separates the dog from other dogs - ANS-Suggest the client start with a private training _______is a predictable relationship among events. A. Classical Conditioning B. Single Event Learning C. Operant Conditioning D. Learned irrelevance - ANS-Classical Conditioning What is "chaining"? A. A behavior that happens in response to specific cues. B. Each behavior is a signal for the next behavior C. When a conditioned lure is used to get a behavior
D. When an animal already knows a behavior - ANS-Each behavior is a signal for the next behavior Your dog knows SIT if you whisper or yell it and can give the same response if you are at home or at the park. This is called what? A. Categorical Emotional Response B. Generalization C. Chaining D. Alternating Duration - ANS-Generalization For learning to be the most efficient, what is the best punishment schedule? A. VR - 5 B. VI - 1 C. FR - 1 D. FI - 5 - ANS-FR- 1 Which shows the highest rate of the dog responding? A. Fixed Interval Schedule B. Fixed Ratio Schedule C. Variable Interval Schedule D. Variable Ratio Schedule - ANS-Variable Ratio Schedule CER is an acronym for _____________. A. Conditioned Emotional Reaction B. Conditioned Emotional Response C. Categorical Emotional Response D. Categorical Emotional Reaction - ANS-Conditioned Emotional Response Which of the following is NOT a type of social learning? A. Social facilitation B. Repetition C. Local Enhancement D. Imitation - ANS-Repetition A behavior that reliably happens in response to a specific cue is called___________. A. Habituation B. Stimulus Control C. Learned irrelevance D. Adaptation - ANS-Stimulus Control What is a cut off signal? A. Extinction of behavior B. Response Prevention C. A distance increasing behavior. D. All of the above - ANS-A distance increasing behavior
