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Dysrhythmia Flex Ed Questions & Answers |
100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest
2024 Version
What are the four chambers of the heart? right atrium, left atrium right ventricle, left ventricle What is the name of the septum that separates the R/L atria? interatrial septum Best Small School Prospects in the 2022 NFL Draft What is the name of the septum that separates the R/L ventricles? interventricular septum Where does the Right Ventricle pump blood to? lungs Where does the Left Ventricle pump blood to? throughout the body T/F the atria contract at the same time, followed by the ventricles contracting at the same time? TRUE The pumping action of the left ventricle produces what? pulse (HR), or wave of pressure What are the four heart valves: (TPMA) Tricuspid valve Pulmonic valve Mitral Valve Aortic Valve What is the mitral valve also called?
Bicuspid valve What are the 4 vessels? SVC/IVC Pulmonary arteries Pulmonary veins Aorta Tricuspid valve connects? RA and RV Pulmonic valve connects? RV and pulmonary artery Mitral Valve connects? LA and LV Aortic Valve connects? LV and aorta As the LV contracts, the mitral valve closes and ___ ___ opens. aortic valve _____ carry blood Away from the heart arteries ____ carry blood to the heart. Veins The PULMONARY ARTERIES CARRY blood with CARBON DIOXIDE to the ____. lungs THe pulmonary VEINS CARRY the blood with OXYGEN to the ___? heart The heart muscle receives its blood supply from ___ ___.
IVC/SVC-> RA-> tricuspid valve->RV->pulmonic valve - >pulmonary arteries - >lungs-
pulmonary veins->LA->mitral valve->LV->AV->aorta->? rest of the body, including heart One method of measuring how efficiently the heart is pumping and circulating the blood to the body of the cells is by determining the? cardiac output (CO) CO is the amount of blood pumped by the LV in ___ minutes? 1 minute What is the normal amount of CO? 4000 - 8000 mL (depending on the size, age, and gender) ___ ___ is the amount of blood pumped by the LV with each contraction or beat. stroke volume What is the approx stroke volume amount? 70 mL ___ ___ is the number of times the LV contracts in 1 minute; the normal rate is 60- 100 heart rate if the SV is 70ml and the HR is 80, what is the CO? 5600mL (70 x 80) (4000-8000 mL is normal) what does systole mean? contraction ___ ___ occurs in a downward manner from atria to ventricles antegrade conduction ___ ___ returns backwards through the conduction system retrograde conduction What happens during a sinus node block? impulse cannot pass to atria What happens during a sinus node block to the P wave, QRS, and T wave? There are no P, QRS, or T waves Whats during an AV node block? impulse has trouble getting from atria through the AV node to the ventricles What does bundle branch block cause? abnormal venticular conduction (LBBB, RBBB)
___ ___ occurs before normal firing of SA node usurping the normal pacemaker and can originate from atrial, junction, or ventricles. premature beat (PAC, PJC, PVC) ___ ___ occurs from one of the lower pacemaker sites due to a default of the natural pacemaker. escape beats If the P wave is s/r and upright, where is the origin of the impulse? SA node If the QRS complex is wide, there is no P waves, and the T wave is opposite, where is the origin of the impulse? venticular The LBB, RBB and purkinje fibers make up what? venticular What does diastole mean?
relaxation Rule 1. Electrical impulses going ___ a positive electrode will produce ___ ____. TOWARDS; positive deflection (upright or above the baseline) Rule 2. Electrical impulses going ___ a positive electrode will produce ___ ____. AWAY; Negative deflection (inverted or below a baseline) Rule 3. Electrical impulses going perpendicular or Oblique to the axis of that lead will produce a ___ ____ deflection. less strong Graph paper for the strips is divided into small squares that are ___ in height and width. 1 mm in height and width Graph paper is divided into darker lines at every ___ square? 5th How big is each big box? 5 mm high and 5 mm wide How much time is each small square equal to? 0.04 sec How much time is each big box equal to? 0.20 sec Each small square is equal to how many millivolts? 0.1 mV Each big box is equal to how many millivolts? 0.5 mV Measure 6 inches of the paper to get a 6-second strip, bc 1 inch of paper equals? 1 second If there is not a 6 second strip, what could you do to find the rate? 30 big boxes also equals how many count the number of R waves in 30 big boxes and x10 (bc 30 BB = 6 seconds) What is another name for the baseline (the straight line, w/o any waves)? isoelectric line What does the P wave represent? atrial depolarization T/F The repolarization of the P wave is shown on the strip? False- the wave that shows the recovery of the P wave is hidden in the QRS What is the normal valve of P wave in secs and ss? 0.10 sec; 2.5 ss If the P wave is normal in size and shape, it is assumed to be of what origin? sinus In lead __, the p wave is normally upright. lead II What could a peaked P wave indicate? enlargement of RA What could a notched P wave indicate? enlargement of LA Inverted and absent P waves are usually a sign of what? Junctional P What does the PR Interval (PRI) represent?
What does the QT interval represent? total ventricular activity (both depolarization= QRS and repolarization = T wave) How is the QT interval measured? from beginning of the QRS complex to end of the T wave. What does the ST segment represent? early repolarization how is the ST segment evaluated? elevated or depressed (usually elevated) What is an ST segment abnormality?
1mm elevation is possible STEMI What are 3 abnormalities of the PR interval? shortened in WPW, junctional/ atrial rhythms What do wide QRS complexes tell us about the ventricular depolarization? ventricles are depolarizing at different times What are the first 6 steps in the rhythm interpretation: (RRPMPQ)
- Rhythm
- Rate
- P waves
- Marriage
- PRI
- QRS In step 1 of the rhythm interpretation, what are you checking about the rhythms? (4)
- the regularity of the QRS
- are regularly occurring P waves followed byQRS
- Use paper pencil method
- is the rhythm regular or irregular In step 2 of the rhythm interpretation, what are you checking about the rates? find the heart from - # of R waves in 6s x 0r - 300/#big boxes between R-R
- 1500/#ss between R-R In step 3 of the rhythm interpretation, what are you checking about the P waves?
- Are P waves present AND regular?
- Are the S/R and upright?
- Are they SInus, atrial, or Junctional in origin In step 4 of the rhythm interpretation, what are you checking about the marriage? is there a 1:1 # of P waves and # of QRS In step 5 of the rhythm interpretation, what are you checking about the PR Interval? checking to see if the PRI is .12-.20 sec; 3-5 ss prolonged, consistent, lengthen progressively In step 6 of the rhythm interpretation, what are you checking about the QRS complex?
Normal size and shape (narrow, wide) less than .12 seconds or 3 ss What are steps 7-10 when doing rhythm interpretation?
- ST segment
- T wave
- Ectopic beats
- Interpretation In step 7 of the rhythm interpretation, what are you checking about the ST segment?
- elevated or depressed
- An ST segment deviation from the baseline greater than 1 mm is significant In step 8 of the rhythm interpretation, what are you checking about the T wave?
- are the inverted or upright
- are they same or opposite of QRS complexes In step 9 of the rhythm interpretation, what are you checking about Ectopic beats? premature beat (PAC, PJC, PVC) escape beat (JEB, VEB) What is happening when a PR interval is prolonged but fixed? first degree AV block What is happening when a PR interval is progressively lengthening of PRI then dropped beat? 2nd degree AV block Type I What is happening when a PR interval is fixed then dropped beat? 2nd degree AVB type II What is happening when a PR interval is shortened? WPW, R atrial, junctional rhythms #p =# QRS=? NSR #p< # QRS =? junctional
P > # QRS =?
second degree AVB What makes sinus arrhythmia different from NSR? irregular rhythm, everything else is the same as NSR In junctional rhythm, an inverted P shows ___ atrial depolarization? retrograde If the A and V simultaneous conduct, what will happen to the P wave? (junction) hidden in QRS (junction) If the conduction occurs in the atria after the ventricles, what happens to the p wave? inverted P following QRS If the rhythm is Junctional, what is the size of the PRI < (or equal to) .12 (short)
