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A comprehensive set of multiple-choice questions and answers covering key concepts in biochemistry, specifically relevant to ebio 1210 exam 1. the questions delve into topics such as phospholipids, membrane structure and function, protein synthesis, hormone action, and energy metabolism. it's a valuable resource for students preparing for exams, offering self-assessment and reinforcement of learning.
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Phospholipids are the perfect basis for making a biological membrane because they: -- Answer ✔✔ form bilayers that serve as an impenetrable barrier for most molecules. The side groups of amino acids making up the EXTERIOR middle portion (in contact with the cell membrane) of the calcium (Ca2+) pump must be: -- Answer ✔✔ able to interact with the fatty acid tails of the membrane. While ______ is the blueprint for making all proteins, it is _______ that carries the information for how to make a specific _____ to the ribosomes. -- Answer ✔✔ DNA; RNA; protein A steroid hormone reaches a target cell and triggers a response. Where would you find the hormone as it triggers the response? -- Answer ✔✔ in the nucleus of the target cell Fatty acids cross membranes by: -- Answer ✔✔ simple diffusion. What is involved in the removal of cholesterol-carrying LDL from the blood stream? -- Answer ✔✔ binding of LDL to a receptor on the cell surface and endocytosis The formation of large aggregates of hemoglobin molecules in sickle-cell anemia is promoted by interaction of amino acids with _____ side groups. -- Answer ✔✔ hydrophobic What is involved in the process by which ATP fuels cellular work? -- Answer ✔✔ transfer of a negatively charged phosphate group Cells of glands that synthesize human sex hormones contain high levels of: -- Answer ✔✔ smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
The conversion of ADP + P to ATP _______ energy; the conversion of ATP to ADP +P _______ energy. -- Answer ✔✔ requires; releases Cholesterol ______membrane fluidity at higher temperatures and ______ membrane fluidity at lower temperatures. -- Answer ✔✔ decreases; increases With which partner will an oxygen atom (O) form a nonpolar covalent bond? -- Answer ✔✔ with another oxygen (O) atom In both nerve function and muscle function, the build-up of concentration gradients is fueled by _________, and the super-fast movement of electrically charged substances along their concentration gradient occurs through_________. -- Answer ✔✔ ATP- fueled pumps; protein channels Which of the following has the LOWEST energy content? -- Answer ✔✔ A phospholipid consisting of monounsaturated fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms each. A biochemist is trying to add groups to a hydrophobic food-coloring molecule that prevent it from passing through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane and entering cells. All of the following options would accomplish this EXCEPT: -- Answer ✔✔ groups with nonpolar covalent bonds. Which of these is rich in unsaturated fatty acids? A fat: -- Answer ✔✔ that is liquid at room temperature. How many molecules of water are needed to completely break down a polymer composed of one hundred monomers? -- Answer ✔✔ 99 The sodium/potassium (Na+/K+) pump requires ____ ATP to move three Na+ _____ their concentration gradient and two K+ _____ their concentration gradient. -- Answer ✔✔ one; against; against Which statement below about protein hormone synthesis is true? -- Answer ✔✔ The RNA used for protein hormone synthesis is copied from the gene for the protein hormone.
down again into amino acids, and synthesized into the cow's proteins and (3) broken down in the athlete's body after eating a hamburger. -- Answer ✔✔ True Four of the molecules below can provide energy. Which is the only one that CANNOT be used as a source of energy? -- Answer ✔✔ H2O