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EBIO 1210: Mastering Biology Exam Study Guide - Questions and Answers, Exams of Biology

Fayetteville State University (FSU)Biology

This study guide for ebio 1210: mastering biology provides a comprehensive set of multiple-choice questions and answers covering key concepts related to biological molecules, particularly focusing on the structure and properties of lipids. The guide includes questions about the composition of fatty acids, their energy content, and the processes of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis. It also explores the concepts of polarity and solubility in relation to biological molecules.

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EBIO 1210: Mastering Biology

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The four major classes of lifes large biological molecules do NOT include

nucleic acids.

amino acids.

proteins.

lipids.

polysaccharides. - ansamino acids

Lifes large molecules all share the following properties except

a complex three-dimensional structure.

being quick and easy to assemble.

being quick and easy to break down.

being based mainly on oxygen.

being constructed from small building blocks. - ansbeing based mainly on oxygen

All large biological molecules are based on

-carbon atoms because carbon readily shares four electron pairs with other carbon atoms, and

can thus form large, complex structures.

-carbon atoms because C-H bonds are nonpolar.

-oxygen atoms because oxygen has a strong attraction for electrons.

-oxygen atoms because the O-H bond is polar and thus allows for hydrogen bonds to form

that can contribute to the formation of large conglomerates. - anscarbon atoms because

carbon readily shares four electron pairs with other carbon atoms, and can thus form large,

complex structures.

Which of the three options below correctly describe the advantages of constructing lifes large

molecules from small building blocks. Option 1: A no-longer-needed molecule can be broken

down and a different one constructed from the same building blocks. Option 2: A great

variety of large molecules can be constructed from a small number of building blocks. Option

3: An animal can eat a plant, break down the plants large molecules to its building blocks and

use these to construct its own large molecules.

Options 1, 2, and 3

Only option 1 and 2

Only option 1

Only option 2

Only option 3 - ansOptions 1, 2, and 3

Which of these is rich in unsaturated fats?

lard

beef fat

olive oil

butter

a fat that is solid at room temperature - ansolive oil

Four of the five options below finish the sentence in a way that results in a true statement.

Find the one that results in a false statement. A fatty acid tail contains lots and lots of

C-C bonds

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The four major classes of lifes large biological molecules do NOT include nucleic acids. amino acids. proteins. lipids. polysaccharides. - ansamino acids Lifes large molecules all share the following properties except a complex three-dimensional structure. being quick and easy to assemble. being quick and easy to break down. being based mainly on oxygen. being constructed from small building blocks. - ansbeing based mainly on oxygen All large biological molecules are based on

carbon atoms because carbon readily shares four electron pairs with other carbon atoms, and can thus form large, complex structures.
carbon atoms because C-H bonds are nonpolar.
oxygen atoms because oxygen has a strong attraction for electrons.
oxygen atoms because the O-H bond is polar and thus allows for hydrogen bonds to form that can contribute to the formation of large conglomerates. - anscarbon atoms because carbon readily shares four electron pairs with other carbon atoms, and can thus form large, complex structures. Which of the three options below correctly describe the advantages of constructing lifes large molecules from small building blocks. Option 1: A no-longer-needed molecule can be broken down and a different one constructed from the same building blocks. Option 2: A great variety of large molecules can be constructed from a small number of building blocks. Option 3: An animal can eat a plant, break down the plants large molecules to its building blocks and use these to construct its own large molecules. Options 1, 2, and 3 Only option 1 and 2 Only option 1 Only option 2 Only option 3 - ansOptions 1, 2, and 3 Which of these is rich in unsaturated fats? lard beef fat olive oil butter a fat that is solid at room temperature - ansolive oil Four of the five options below finish the sentence in a way that results in a true statement. Find the one that results in a false statement. A fatty acid tail contains lots and lots of C-C bonds

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C-H bonds bonds with tightly held electrons bonds with loosely held electrons energy - ansbonds with tightly held electrons What causes kinks in fatty acids? C=C double bonds C-H bonds C=O double bonds C-C bonds O-H bonds - ansC=C double bonds What is the total number of H atoms (white balls) in the saturated (C18:0) fatty acid and the monounsaturated fatty acid (C18:1), respectively, depicted in our lecture PPT.

The saturated fatty acid has 34 H atoms; the monounsaturated fatty acid has 36 H atoms
The saturated fatty acid has 36 H atoms; the monounsaturated fatty acid has 34 H atoms
Both fatty acids have 34 H atoms
Both fatty acids have 36 H atoms - ansThe saturated fatty acid has 36 H atoms; the monounsaturated fatty acid has 34 H atoms A polyunsaturated fatty acid with four C=C bonds has how many hydrogen atoms compared to a saturated fatty acid with the same number of carbon atoms? While the number of C=C bonds is different, the number of H atoms is the same. 8 less 8 more 4 less 4 more - ans8 less What results from the removal of hydrogen atoms from the fatty acid tails of saturated fat?
An increase in the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fat molecules.
A decrease in the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fat molecules.
The fat becomes more solid.
A decrease in the number of bends, or kinks, in the fatty acid tails.
Burning of the fat with fewer hydrogen atoms will release more energy. - ansAn increase in the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fat molecules. Four of the five features below are characteristics of C-H bonds. Which option below is not. nonpolar high chemical potential energy relatively low stability low chemical potential energy can be burned to carbon dioxide and water - anslow chemical potential energy The burning of natural gas (methane) releases energy because
methane contains tightly held electrons.
carbon dioxide and water contain loosely held electrons. bonds with loosely held electrons are converted to bonds with tightly held electrons.

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Polymer breakdown occurs by water removal and polymer synthesis occurs by water addition.
Dehydration synthesis breaks down polymers and hydrolysis creates monomers. - ansDehydration synthesis creates polymers and hydrolysis creates monomers. Fill in the blanks: All of lifes large molecules are synthesized by __________ and broken down by __________. hydrolysis; dehydration removal of a water molecule; addition of a water molecule addition of a water molecule; removal of a water molecule hydrolysis; removal of a water molecule - ansremoval of a water molecule; addition of a water molecule Predict how many molecules of water are needed to COMPLETELY breakdown a polymer consisting of five monomers. two three four five six - ansfour Hydrophilic molecules are readily soluble in fat. do not mix with water. are water-soluble. can only have polar regions but cannot have a full electrical charge. have no attraction for water molecules. - ansare water-soluble. Fill in the blanks: The polarity of water molecules results in _______ bonds between water molecules, and make a water molecule stick to any molecules with _______ bonds or _________ regions. ionic; polar covalent; charged nonpolar; nonpolar covalent; charged hydrogen; polar covalent; charged hydrogen; nonpolar covalent; charged polar covalent; hydrophilic; hydrophobic - anshydrogen; polar covalent; charged In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are
completely transferred from one atom to the other.
loosely held between the two atoms forming the bond.
tightly held by one of the atoms forming the bond.
equally attracted by both atoms forming the bond.
equally shared between the two atoms forming the bond. - anstightly held by one of the atoms forming the bond. An example for a nonpolar covalent bond is the C-H bond.

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the O-H bond. the C=O bond. the bond between Na+ and Cl-. the bond that forms between two different water molecules. - ansthe C-H bond. Predict with which partner an oxygen atom (O) will most likely form a nonpolar covalent bond.

with a hydrogen (H) atom
with a carbon (C) atom
with another oxygen (O) atom
with an atom that attracts electrons more strongly (is more electronegative) than O
with an atom that attracts electrons less strongly (is less electronegative) than O - answith another oxygen (O) atom Carbon dioxide and water share four of the following properties. Which is NOT a feature shared by these two molecules? low reactivity low stability polar covalent bonds low chemical potential energy formed when hydrocarbons are burned with oxygen - anslow stability True or false? Substances with a sufficient number of groups with either partial electrical charges or full electrical charges relative to the size of the molecule should dissolve in water. True False - ansTrue Judging from the structure given in our lecture PPT, the molecule of Vitamin D2 is water-soluble (hydrophilic). fat-soluble (hydrophobic). - ansfat-soluble (hydrophobic). Judging from the structure given in our lecture PPT, the molecule of Vitamin E overall is water-soluble (hydrophilic). fat-soluble (hydrophobic). - ansfat-soluble (hydrophobic). Judging from the structure given in our lecture PPT, the molecule of Vitamin C is water-soluble (hydrophilic). fat-soluble (hydrophobic). - answater-soluble (hydrophilic). Judging from the structure given in our lecture PPT, the molecule of Vitamin A is water-soluble (hydrophilic). fat-soluble (hydrophobic). - ansfat-soluble (hydrophobic). True or false? Molecules made exclusively from atoms that have an identical or similar attraction for electrons cannot be polar. True False - ansTrue Predict: To make a new water-insoluble drug water-soluble (to be easier to take up in your digestive system), a chemist would need to add groups with bonds between atoms that

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Compare and contrast fats and phospholipids. Three of the four options below are reasons why a phospholipid is better suited for forming biological membranes than a fat. Find the exception. The phospholipid

possesses a phosphate-containing hydrophilic head group instead of a third fatty acid chain.
has a higher energy content than a fat.
has both hydrophobic portions and portions containing electrical charges.
is able to form a bilayer that acts as a barrier for the diffusion of hydrophilic substances. - anshas a higher energy content than a fat. Cholesterol is the starting material (also called building block or "precursor") for which of the following substances? only estrogen and testosterone only fats estrogen and testosterone, steroid stress hormones, and fats only steroid stress hormones estrogen and testosterone, steroid stress hormones, but not fats - ansestrogen and testosterone, steroid stress hormones, but not fats Which of the following has the lowest energy content? a fat consisting of saturated fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms each a phospholipid consisting of saturated fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms each a fat consisting of monounsaturated fatty acids with 18 carbons each - ansa phospholipid consisting of saturated fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms each The role of the phospholipid bilayer component of the cell membrane is to provide passageways for hydrophilic substances that need to be moved into, or out of, cells. provide selective and controllable passageways. provide a rather impenetrable barrier around the cell. - ansprovide a rather impenetrable barrier around the cell. Two of the following three functions are fulfilled by the membrane-spanning proteins in biological membranes. Which of the following is NOT one of those functions? Providing passageways for hydrophilic substances that need to be moved into, or out of, the cell. Providing selective and controllable passageways. Providing a rather impenetrable barrier around the cell. - ansProviding a rather impenetrable barrier around the cell. When is a protein needed for movement across membranes? When the moving substance is
hydrophobic and moving either from a lower to higher concentration or moving from a higher to lower concentration.
hydrophilic and moving either from a lower to higher concentration or moving from a higher to lower concentration.
hydrophilic and moving from a lower to higher concentration, but not when moving from a higher to lower concentration.

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hydrophobic and only moving from a higher to lower concentration. - anshydrophilic and moving either from a lower to higher concentration or moving from a higher to lower concentration. In order to fulfill their function in moving hydrophilic substances from one side of the membrane to the other, transport proteins need to span across the entire membrane. have hydrophobic top and bottom portions. have hydrophobic interior channels. form a layer on the surface of the membrane without spanning the membrane. - ansspan across the entire membrane. In facilitated diffusion of ANY substance, what is the role of the transport protein?
Transport proteins organize the phospholipids such as to allow the solute to move directly through the lipid bilayer.
Transport proteins only provide a channel for water molecules to cross the membrane.
Transport proteins provide a site for interaction with ATP, which facilitates the movement of the substance across the membrane.
Transport proteins provide a hydrophilic route for the substance to cross the membrane.
Transport proteins provide the energy for diffusion of the substance. - ansTransport proteins provide a hydrophilic route for the substance to cross the membrane. The energy for facilitated diffusion comes from the transport protein. the transported substance. ATP. the concentration gradient (gradient in potential energy) of the transported substance. - ansthe concentration gradient (gradient in potential energy) of the transported substance. The energy for active transport across membranes comes from the transport protein. the transported substance. ATP. the concentration gradient (gradient in potential energy) of the transported substance. - ansATP. What provides the energy for the uphill transport of Na+ against its concentration gradient? No energy is needed. the unphosphorylated Na+/K+ pump the K+ ions the energy-rich ATP the potential energy contained in the Na+ concentration gradient - ansthe energy-rich ATP The sodium-potassium pump transports which against its concentration gradient? only Na+ only K+ ATP

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The percentage of unsaturated phospholipids in the membranes will increase. - ansThe percentage of saturated phospholipids in the membranes will increase. Water is able to pass very quickly through cell membranes because the phospholipid bilayer is hydrophilic. water moves through hydrophobic channels. water is a small, polar, uncharged molecule. water moves through aquaporin proteins in the membrane. water movement is tied to the expenditure of cellular energy in the form of one ATP for each water molecule. - answater moves through aquaporin proteins in the membrane. What membrane structures carry out active transport? cholesterol the lipid bilayer proteins on the membrane surface proteins that span the membrane aquaporins - ansproteins that span the membrane Which of the following is a common feature of all transport proteins found in the outer cell membrane?

They exhibit specificity and allow only a specific type of molecule to pass through.
They have few, if any, hydrophobic amino acids.
They always work against a concentration gradient.
They must be proteins located only on the membrane surface, but not spanning the membrane.
They always require the expenditure of cellular energy in the form of ATP to function. - ansThey exhibit specificity and allow only a specific type of molecule to pass through. Which component of animal membranes acts as a temperature buffer, BOTH increasing fluidity at low temperature AND decreasing fluidity at high temperature? phospholipids with monounsaturated fatty acids proteins cholesterol phospholipids with saturated fatty acids phospholipids with polyunsaturated fatty acids - anscholesterol Predict what organisms below would switch out fatty acids of their membrane phospholipids between seasons in response to changes in body temperature?
mammals in tropical regions with rather constant temperatures throughout the year
shellfish in a tropical pond with rather constant temperatures throughout the year
mammals in regions with pronounced temperature changes between the seasons
shellfish in a pond in Sweden with pronounced temperature changes between the seasons - ansshellfish in a pond in Sweden with pronounced temperature changes between the seasons Consider chemical substances not naturally found in the human body and that act as poisons if they get into one of our cells. Which would be the least likely to be able to get into the cell, and would therefore be the least dangerous?

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one that is hydrophobic one that is hydrophilic and has a shape unlike any substance normally imported by cells one that is hydrophilic and has a similar shape as a substance normally imported by cells - ansone that is hydrophilic and has a shape unlike any substance normally imported by cells Which of the following is most similar in structure to ATP? a steroid with phosphate groups attached the sodium/potassium pump a phospholipid a triglyceride a nucleotide - ansa nucleotide Which of the following is defined as mechanical work? the movement of muscle proteins. the movement of calcium along its concentration gradient. the movement of sodium out of the cell and of potassium into the cell. the synthesis of large molecules. the movement of water through an aquaporin protein via osmosis. - ansthe movement of muscle proteins. Which of following is defined as chemical work? the movement of muscle proteins. the movement of calcium along its concentration gradient. the movement of sodium out of the cell and of potassium into the cell. the synthesis of large molecules. the movement of water through an aquaporin protein via osmosis. - ansthe synthesis of large molecules. Which of the following is defined as transport work? the movement of muscle proteins. the movement of calcium along its concentration gradient. the movement of sodium out of the cell and of potassium into the cell. the synthesis of large molecules. the movement of water through an aquaporin protein via osmosis. - ansthe movement of sodium out of the cell and of potassium into the cell. Complete the sentence: The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP does not require energy. is driven by energy from the breakdown of energy-rich sugars. is driven by muscle movement. is driven by the facilitated diffusion of sodium through a sodium channel. is driven by the movement of motor proteins. - ansis driven by energy from the breakdown of energy-rich sugars. The following molecules each contain either no, one, two, or three phosphate groups. Which one contains exactly two phosphate groups? ATP

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Transport vesicles from the rough ER arrive at one side of the Golgi apparatus and leave from the opposite side to travel to the nucleus.
Transport vesicles from the rough ER arrive at one side of the Golgi apparatus and leave from the opposite side to travel to the outer cell membrane.
Transport vesicles travel from the smooth ER to the Golgi apparatus. - ansTransport vesicles from the rough ER arrive at one side of the Golgi apparatus and leave from the opposite side to travel to the outer cell membrane. Which structure is the site for the synthesis of proteins that will be exported from the cell? rough endoplasmic reticulum free ribosomes smooth endoplasmic reticulum outer cell membrane Golgi apparatus - ansrough endoplasmic reticulum Enzymes are carbohydrates. proteins. nucleic acids. lipids. - ansproteins. Four of the five statements below about amino acids are not correct. Which is correct? The amino acid sequence is the secondary structure of a protein. All amino acids have hydrophilic side chains. Some amino acids have hydrophilic side chains and some have hydrophobic side chains. All amino acids have hydrophobic side chains. No amino acids have a side chain with an electrical charge. - ansSome amino acids have hydrophilic side chains and some have hydrophobic side chains. The structure, and thus the function, of a protein is MOST likely to remain unaffected if a hydrophilic amino acid is replaced by a hydrophobic amino acid. a charged amino acid is replaced by a hydrophilic amino acid. a charged amino acid is replaced by a hydrophobic amino acid. a hydrophobic amino acid is replaced by a charged amino acid. a negatively charged amino acid is replaced by a positively charged amino acid. - ansa charged amino acid is replaced by a hydrophilic amino acid. Predict where a hydrophobic amino acid R group (rest or side group) would be found in a water-soluble protein that transports lipids through the blood stream.
anywhere on the outside of the folded protein chain
lining the pocket within the folded protein chain into which the lipid fits
only in a few locations on the outside of the folded protein chain - anslining the pocket within the folded protein chain into which the lipid fits Predict where a hydrophilic amino acid R group (rest or side group) would be found in a membrane channel facilitating the movement of hydrophilic fructose across a biological membrane.

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only in the top, but not the bottom, portions of the channel, in contact with aqueous fluid within the internal channel formed by the folded protein chain on the outer middle part of the membrane channel, in contact with the membrane core - answithin the internal channel formed by the folded protein chain How many amino acids are responsible for the difference between the more common hemoglobin and sickle-cell hemoglobin? one two three four The exact number is unknown. - ansone Four of the five features below are shared by lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. Find the feature NOT shared by all three classes. They are all based on carbon. They are all made from a small number of building blocks. They can all form strings of hundreds of repeating monomer units. Each of their building blocks contains H on one end and OH on the other end. They can all be broken down rather easily by enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis. - ansThey can all form strings of hundreds of repeating monomer units. Which cell structure below is correctly matched with its function? rough ER: synthesis of sex hormones ribosomes: lipid synthesis smooth endoplasmic reticulum: protein synthesis Golgi apparatus: information flow from DNA to RNA cell membrane: selective passage of substances - anscell membrane: selective passage of substances In what type of cells do you expect to find a particularly high level of smooth ER? Cells of (1) the ovaries, (2) the testes, (3) the adrenal gland that produces steroid stress hormones. only 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 3 1, 2, and 3 - ans1, 2, and 3 Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules? steroids lipids nucleic acids proteins fats - ansproteins Predict which cell contains a lot of rough ER. A cell that is producing

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Practice exam question. Predict what changes occur in the membranes of a tree growing in South Africas inverted southern-hemisphere climate with cold temperatures in July and hot temperatures in January: The fatty acid composition of the membranes will not change between seasons. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids will be higher in July than in January. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids will be lower in July than in January - ansThe proportion of unsaturated fatty acids will be higher in July than in January. Practice exam question. Three of the following movements across the cell membrane require a protein (either a protein facilitating diffusion or an energy-driven protein pump). Which does NOT require a protein? Movement of

hydrophilic glucose along its concentration gradient.
O2 from high to low concentration.
H2O from high to low concentration.
Na+ from low to high concentration. - ansO2 from high to low concentration. Practice exam question. Predict what the amino acids making up the INTERIOR of the sodium-potassium pump must be like: hydrophobic hydrophilic able to interact with the fatty acid tails of the membrane - anshydrophilic Practice exam question. Which statement below about protein hormone synthesis is FALSE? The RNA used for protein hormone synthesis is a copy of the gene for the protein hormone. Protein hormones are synthesized on free ribosomes. The cell invests energy to move protein hormones through the cell. Protein hormones are packaged into vesicles for movement through the cell. - ansProtein hormones are synthesized on free ribosomes. Practice exam question. Steroid hormones deliver their message to a target cell by moving across the outer cell membrane of the target cell via facilitated diffusion. binding to a receptor in the nucleus of the target cell. fusion of a vesicle with the outer cell membrane of the target cell. binding to a receptor in the outer cell membrane of the target cell. - ansbinding to a receptor in the nucleus of the target cell. Practice exam question. Which is correct? Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids activate genes that stimulate fat storage. are necessary to allow shape changes in the sodium-potassium pump. promote membrane stability at high temperatures. contain more energy than saturated fatty acids with the same number of C atoms have fewer C=C bonds than monounsaturated fatty acids - ansare necessary to allow shape changes in the sodium-potassium pump. The three domains of life are plants, animals, and protists. fungi, plants, and animals.

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prokaryotes, plants, and animals. Archaea, bacteria, and animals. Eukarya, Archaea, and bacteria. - ansEukarya, Archaea, and bacteria. Which organisms use mitochondria to produce oxygen? plants and animals bacteria and fungi Archaea and bacteria bacteria and protists No known organisms - ansNo known organisms Which of the following statements correctly describes the endosymbiont theory?

Eukaryotes acquired their mitochondria by engulfing photosynthetic prokaryotes.
Eukaryotes acquired their chloroplasts by engulfing non-photosynthetic prokaryotes.
Eukaryotes acquired their mitochondria by engulfing other eukaryotes.
Prokaryotes are eukaryotes that ejected their mitochondria.
Eukaryotes acquired mitochondria and chloroplasts by engulfing prokaryotes. - ansEukaryotes acquired mitochondria and chloroplasts by engulfing prokaryotes. Four of the findings below provide evidence in support of the endosymbiont theory of eukaryote evolution. Find the exception. double membrane around chloroplast DNA in mitochondria DNA in chloroplasts DNA in nucleus ribosomes in mitochondria - ansDNA in nucleus A cell possesses the following features: enzymes, DNA, ribosome, phospholipid bilayer, energy acquisition and processing. It could be a cell from an animal, but not a plant. a member of the bacteria, but not of the Archaea. a plant or an animal, but no other kind of organism. any kind of organism. a prokaryote but not a eukaryote. - ansany kind of organism. A cell that keeps its DNA in a membrane-bounded nucleus could be a cell from which of the following groups of organisms? prokaryotes and protists protists and photosynthetic bacteria bacteria and Archaea fungi and plants bacteria and fungi - ansfungi and plants A student examines a cell that possesses the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, an outer cell membrane, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. It could be a cell from an animal, but not a plant.

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Most of the microbes found in the human body are beneficial. The human diet affects the microbial composition of the human gut. A healthy human does not house more than a few hundred microbial cells. Many fermented food products are produced using live microbes. - ansA healthy human does not house more than a few hundred microbial cells. Carbohydrates are formed in the process of photosynthesis from the starting materials of carbon dioxide only. carbon dioxide and water. carbon dioxide and oxygen. water and oxygen. - anscarbon dioxide and water. Carbohydrates are burned in cellular respiration for the purpose of producing oxygen. energy for the cell. water. carbon dioxide. sugars. - ansenergy for the cell. From what bonds in a sugar molecule can NO energy be extracted? C-H bonds and C-C bonds C-H bonds and C-OH bonds only C-OH bonds only C-H bonds only C-C bonds - ansonly C-OH bonds The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What would be the molecular formula for a disaccharide linking two glucose molecules via dehydration synthesis? C2H4O C6H24O C12H24O C12H22O C12H20O10 - ansC12H22O The formula for the sugar ribose is C5H10O5. What would be the formula of a trisaccharide made from three ribose monomers? C15H30O C15H34O C15H26O C15H32O C15H28O14 - ansC15H26O 1 glucose + 1 fructose combine to form _______ by ___________. starch; dehydration synthesis sucrose; dehydration synthesis lactose; dehydration synthesis lactose; hydrolysis

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sucrose; hydrolysis - anssucrose; dehydration synthesis To which sugar are human taste buds most sensitive? galactose glucose fructose amylose lactose - ansfructose From the fact that high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) tastes sweeter than regular table sugar, one can conclude that

HFCS contains fructose, but table sugar does not.
glucose and fructose must both be monosaccharides.
the percentage of fructose in HFCS must be higher than that in table sugar.
the percentage of fructose in HFCS must be 55%.
fructose must stimulate the production of hormones that control blood sugar level. - ansthe percentage of fructose in HFCS must be higher than that in table sugar. High-fructose corn syrup consists of 100% fructose. 60% fructose and 40% glucose. 55% fructose and 45% glucose. 50% fructose and 50% glucose. 45% fructose and 55 glucose. - ans55% fructose and 45% glucose. Which of these is a source of lactose? plant cell walls milk table sugar potato starch glycogen - ansmilk Lactose tolerance is highest in human populations with no history of dairy farming. with a long history of dairy farming over many generations. with a history of dairy farming that began one generation ago. - answith a long history of dairy farming over many generations. True or false? To calculate how many C, H, and O are in a polysaccharide, one can simply multiply the C, H, and O present in each monomer by the number of monomers contained in the polysaccharide, and then ADD one H2O molecule for every monomer. True False - ansFalse Glycogen functions in energy storage in animals. energy storage in plants. providing structural support in plant cell walls.

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