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This presentation by Chander Shekhar, a 4th year Forestry student, discusses ecological succession, a process of change in community structure and function over time. causes, types, and processes of succession, as well as the concept of a climax community. References include Kaushik and Kaushik's 'Perspectives in Environmental Studies' and Sharma's 'Ecology and Environment'.
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Richard Peters(1806) discussed first plant
succession.
Dawson(1847), Thoreau(1963), Chawles(1899)
also discussed succession.
Clements(1916) popularized and elaborated in
detail about the theory of succession.
Fig: Diagram showing different succesional stages towards
Causes of succession
1.Initial or initiating causes
2.Ecesis or continuing causes
3.Stabilising causes
Fig: initial
causes
Fig: Oak forest at climax stage
Types of succession:
Lithosere
Psammosere
Fig: Hydrosere
Process of succession
It is the development of a bare area without any life
form.
It is the successful establishment of one or more
species on the bare area.
Stronger one survive.
Influence of one community to another in number of
ways.
Modification of environment by living communities.
Stabilization of stronger communities reach at climax
stage(more or less stable community i.e. for months,
years, centuries and decades)
Fig: Process of succession
Reference