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EFDA BOARD EXAM
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS 202 5 /202 6 CORRECT
ALREADY PASSED
"what are extrinsic stains? - CORRECT ANSWER stains that appear on the exterior of the tooth
and can be removed;"
"what are endogenous stains? - CORRECT ANSWER originate from within the tooth through
developmental and systemic disturbances (fluorosis or tetracycline);"
"what are intrinsic stains? - CORRECT ANSWER originate outside the tooth from
environmental agents and cannot be removed."
"what are exogenous stains? - CORRECT ANSWER originate outside the tooth from
environmental agents (extrinsic or intrinsic);"
"reasons for polishing amalgams? - CORRECT ANSWER Prevent recurrent decay, deterioration
of amalgam surface, and maintain periodontal health."
"what is direct supervision - CORRECT ANSWER dentist is physically present when the DA
performs the function"
"what is indirect supervision - CORRECT ANSWER the dentist must be in the dental office but
not necessarily present in the same treatment room as the assistant."
"what is general supervision? - CORRECT ANSWER the dentist must be in the dental office but
not necessarily present in the same treatment room as the assistant. dentist not physically present"
"what is the jaw on the dental dam clamp? - CORRECT ANSWER encircle the tooth and are
shaped into four prongs"
"what sizes are dental dams? - CORRECT ANSWER 5x5 and 6x6"
"what is a thin dental dam used for? - CORRECT ANSWER endodontic procedures"
"what a a medium thickness dental dam used for - CORRECT ANSWER operative procedures"
"what is a heavy thickness dam used for? - CORRECT ANSWER when tissue retraction and
extra resistance to tearing is needed"
"how far apart are the holes in the dental dam punched from one another - CORRECT
ANSWER 3.0 to 3.5 mm"
"This type of cement is a hybrid of silicate and polycarboxilate cement - CORRECT ANSWER
glass ionomer"
"what material is supplied as a paste/paste system and also in cartridges? - CORRECT ANSWER
polyether"
"What does the term elastomeric mean? - CORRECT ANSWER having elastic or rubber-like
qualities"
"an alginate absorbing excess water is termed what? - CORRECT ANSWER imbibition"
"what is a final impression used for? - CORRECT ANSWER an accurate reproduction of teeth
and surrounding tissue"
"what is the negative reproduction of dental arches and surrounding tissues? - CORRECT
ANSWER impression"
"at what point in a procedure is a mylar matrix placed? - CORRECT ANSWER before etching"
"the retainer (toffelmire) is positioned from what surface? - CORRECT ANSWER buccal"
"what type of stain can chlorhexidine cause? - CORRECT ANSWER extrinsic"
"most common type of temporary coverage for crown and bridge? - CORRECT ANSWER
custom provisional"
"why only intermittent pressure of a tooth when polishing? - CORRECT ANSWER heat
dissipates between strokes"
"Buccal vestibule - CORRECT ANSWER Area between the cheeks and the teeth or alveolar
ridge"
"labial vestibule - CORRECT ANSWER between the incisors and the lips"
"buccal mucosa - CORRECT ANSWER Mucous membrane lining the cheek."
"attatched gingiva - CORRECT ANSWER middle section of gums"
"alveolar mucosa - CORRECT ANSWER Oral mucosa immediately apical to mucogingival
junction"
"mucogingival junction (MGJ) - CORRECT ANSWER Distinct line of color change in the tissue
where the alveolar membrane meets with attached gingivae"
"keratinized gingiva - CORRECT ANSWER From gingival margin to mucogingival line / junction
Includes free and attached gingiva"
"Floor of mouth - CORRECT ANSWER located inferior to the ventral surface of the tongue"
"Commissures - CORRECT ANSWER corners of the lips"
"mylohyoid ridge - CORRECT ANSWER bony ridge on the lingual surface of the mandible"
"True or false: a dental lathe is used to adjust restorations in the mouth? - CORRECT ANSWER
false"
"a film of sulfides on an amalgam restoration is - CORRECT ANSWER tarnish"
"a tooth that exhibits pain and sensitivity during mastication is a symptom of what - CORRECT
ANSWER premature occlusion"
"after placing an amalgam, the surface is somewhat rough. what can this result in? - CORRECT
ANSWER plaque being caught in restoration potentially causing decay"
"alginate impressions must be poured within ____ so that distortion does not occur - CORRECT
ANSWER 1 hour"
"heat during polishing of an amalgam restoration cause two things. Pupal damage and what? -
CORRECT ANSWER Bringing mercury from restoration to the surface, causing tarnish"
"How can the length or depth of the alginate impression tray borders be extended? - CORRECT
ANSWER utility wax"
"If a restoration does not produce the original contours of the tooth, the restoration may need
what? - CORRECT ANSWER more recontouring or be replaced"
"True or False: Rubber dam is the only way to isolate a tooth that needs to be polished? -
CORRECT ANSWER false"
"The time from induction of an anesthetic to its complete reversal is its... - CORRECT ANSWER
duration" "there are two commonly used polishing agents used when polishing amalgams. one is pumice,
the other is _____ - CORRECT ANSWER tin oxide"
"to avoid injury, the rubber polishing cup is directed _____ from the gingival third and pressed
_____ against the tooth surface - CORRECT ANSWER away, lightly"
"True or False: topical anesthetic has a higher potential for overdose reaction due to being
prepared in a higher concentration - CORRECT ANSWER true"
"What does the term synersis mean as it relates to alginate impressions? - CORRECT ANSWER
the evaporation of water from alginate" "what is not something you evaluate before polishing an amalgam? Fractures, overhangs,
restoration age, decay - CORRECT ANSWER restoration age"
"what the solution for topical anesthetic is compared to that of a local anesthetic, the
concentration in a topical solution is - CORRECT ANSWER greater than local"
"what ingredient is released from glass ionomer to inhibit recurrent decay? - CORRECT
ANSWER flouride"
"topical ointments are more effective when - CORRECT ANSWER the site is dried with gauze
prior to application"
"What is the basic set up for cement removal? - CORRECT ANSWER mirror, explorer, spoon
excavator, dental floss and 2x2 gauze"
"what cement is the most versatile and can be used as a base? - CORRECT ANSWER Zinc-oxide
eugenol cement (ZOE)"
"name three cementing errors - CORRECT ANSWER improper mixing technique humidity,
incorrect temperature"
"what is the best temperature for the water mixing alginate? - CORRECT ANSWER room
temperature - 70 degrees"
"who takes the final impression? - CORRECT ANSWER dentist"
"the flat side of the wedge is placed next to what? - CORRECT ANSWER cervical margin"
"dry-angle isolation is recommended for what area of the mouth? - CORRECT ANSWER
mandibular posterior buccal quadrant" "what type of isolation technique provides a decreased amount of contaminated aerosol
exposure to the operator? - CORRECT ANSWER saliva ejector or HVE"
"what is the outer knob used for - CORRECT ANSWER used to tighten or loosen the spindle
within the diagonal slot. hold matrix band securely in the retainer"
"the function of the wedge in a matrix system is - CORRECT ANSWER separate the teeth and
prevent overhangs"
"the smaller circumference of a tofflemire matrix band is placed - CORRECT ANSWER toward
the gingiva"
"when should impression for a provisional be taken? - CORRECT ANSWER before the dentists
prepares the tooth"
"what is used to remove excess polishing agent interproximally? - CORRECT ANSWER dental
floss"
"what is used to control the speed of the handpiece? - CORRECT ANSWER rheostat"
"what is used to remove stain from deep pits and fissures - CORRECT ANSWER bristle brush"
"coronal polishing is limited to what portion of the tooth? - CORRECT ANSWER clinical crown"
"what is the clinical crown? - CORRECT ANSWER the portion of the tooth visible in the mouth"
"what in ZOE is soothing to a tooth - CORRECT ANSWER eugenol"
"cavity liner is used to - CORRECT ANSWER protect the pulp"
"Angle Class I - CORRECT ANSWER nutroocclusion"
"Angle Class II Division I - CORRECT ANSWER overjet with anterior teeth protruded"
"Angle class II division 2 - CORRECT ANSWER is associated with lingually displaced maxillary
teeth and excessive labial inclination of the maxillary central incisors"
"angles class III - CORRECT ANSWER mesioocclusion or underbite"
"when taking alginate impressions, if you want to reduce the amount of bubbles, what can you
do? - CORRECT ANSWER mix thoroughly against the rubber bowl"
"what property does copper give in an amalgam filling? - CORRECT ANSWER corrosion ability"
"Difference between ditching and flashing? - CORRECT ANSWER ditching- deficient amalgam
flashing- excess amalgam"
"methylmethacylate materials have high _____during _______ - CORRECT ANSWER
shrinkage, polymerization"
"what matrix system design minimizes extrusion of composite material at the gingival, mesial and
distal margins of a preparation? - CORRECT ANSWER sectional"
"Inner Knob on a tofflemire? - CORRECT ANSWER used to increase or decrease the size of a
matrix band loop" "a tofflemire matrix band should extend beyond the cavity preparation and near the gingiva by
how far - CORRECT ANSWER 1 - 1.5mm"
"what type of calculus is located apical to the margin of the gingiva, extending along the tooth
surface? - CORRECT ANSWER subgingival"
"who can perform an oral prophylaxix? - CORRECT ANSWER dentist or hygienist"
"the pressure used on rubber cup when polishing causes what to happen? - CORRECT
ANSWER edges of polishing cups to flare"
"how do you hold a handpiece with a prophy angle? - CORRECT ANSWER pen grasp"
"these are soft and webbed, and used to polish and smooth surfaces of teeth - CORRECT
ANSWER polishing cup"
"the technique to remove plaque and stain only from the coronal surfaces of theeth - CORRECT
ANSWER coronal polishing"
"composite resins that are light-cured and polished to a high gloss are - CORRECT ANSWER
microfilled"
"what is the difference between coronal polishing and scaling? - CORRECT ANSWER coronal
removes stains and scaling removes calculus under tissue"
"what is a wear facet? - CORRECT ANSWER a wear mark on the tooth"
"what does the operator use to pack the first of amalgam? - CORRECT ANSWER small end of
the condenser"
"what can be caused if the margin of material is overextended? - CORRECT ANSWER gingival
recession or irritation"
"During coronal polishing, what is the mirror used for? - CORRECT ANSWER indirect vision,
wiping motion, lip, tongue and cheek retraction" "what provisional material generates heat during polymerization and may traumatize the pulp or
soft tissues? - CORRECT ANSWER chemical-cured acrylic"
"to dissipate the heat from zinc phosphate while mixing, what should you do? - CORRECT
ANSWER spatulate over a wide area on a cool glass slab"
"how does a rubber dam aid in infection control and isolation - CORRECT ANSWER by
providing a physical barrier and reducing salivary contamination"
"what type of ZOE has reinforcing agents that have been added for strength - CORRECT
ANSWER type II"
"Glass ionomer type I - CORRECT ANSWER cementation of metal restoration"
"glass ionomer type II - CORRECT ANSWER designed for restoring areas of erosion in Class V."
"glass ionomer class III - CORRECT ANSWER liner and dentin bonding"
"what type of impression material is best because of its dimensional stability? - CORRECT
ANSWER polysiloxane"
"what are the two components of an elastomeric impression material? - CORRECT ANSWER
base and catalyst"
"water evaporating from materials is called what? - CORRECT ANSWER synersis"
"what is the most common irreversible hydrocolloid? - CORRECT ANSWER alginate"
"three classifications of impressions taken during dental procedures - CORRECT ANSWER
preliminary, final and bite registration"
"what technique is recommended for removing temporary cement from interproximal areas? -
CORRECT ANSWER tie a knot in the middle of the floss"
"what is used to maintain function to the area of the mouth that has had a preparation for a
crown or bridge before final restoration is placed? - CORRECT ANSWER provisional (temp
crown or bridge)"
"the powder of glass ionomer should be divided into ______ - CORRECT ANSWER halves, first
half mixed into liquid and completely incorporated before mixing in the second half"
"what is the appearance of zinc phosphate cement after mixing? - CORRECT ANSWER creamy
and stringy"
"what is the advantage of using ZOE as a temporary luting cement? - CORRECT ANSWER its
ability to soothe a sensitive tooth"
"what should ZOE temporary cement look like after mixing? what is the mixing time? - CORRECT
ANSWER smooth and creamy with a mixing time of 20-30 seconds"
"What is hystersis? - CORRECT ANSWER change in temperature that causes the reversible
hydrocolloid material to transform from one physical state to another" "which impression technique requires that the patient practice normally opening and closing the
mouth prior to the impression? - CORRECT ANSWER bite registration"
"which level of environmental protection agency registered surface disinfectant is generally
suitable for disinfection of impression materials? - CORRECT ANSWER intermediate level"
"what is the best way to position the maxillary impression tray for a patient that has a gagging
tendency? - CORRECT ANSWER seat maxillary tray from posterior to anterior"
"which impression material has a high dimensional stability and low tear resistance - CORRECT
ANSWER polysiloxane"
"what are the advantages of a digital impression? - CORRECT ANSWER no need to pour up
the impression"
"which chemical is used in gingival retraction techniques as a vasoconstrictor - CORRECT
ANSWER epinephrine"
"a prefabricated crown should exhibit what specific characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER fit
snugly, esthetically acceptable, contours are similar to natural teeth, adequate interproximal contacts and aligned within arch, no more than 0.5 mm of space between margin and crown" "what is the proper procedure for handling a final impression after removal from the patient's
mouth? - CORRECT ANSWER rinse, dry disinfect"
"what metal is used for cast type restoration? - CORRECT ANSWER Platinum, gold, palladium"
"to take an accurate impression of the subgingival margin of the tooth preparation the width of
the gingival sulcus created by gingival retraction should me _____ mm. - CORRECT ANSWER
"is polishing necessary before the application of fluoride? - CORRECT ANSWER no"
"A matrix must be used to create a temporary wall for which of the following classifications of
tooth restoration? - CORRECT ANSWER II, III and IV"
"know why a wedge is used and where they are placed? - CORRECT ANSWER Inserted into
the lingual embrasure to hold the matrix band firmly against the gingival margin of the preparation."
"what is the exact spot where adjacent teeth actually touch each other? - CORRECT ANSWER
contact point" "Which permanent molar is usually the first tooth to erupt and is known as the keystone of the
dental arch? - CORRECT ANSWER maxillary first molar"
"what makes patient education most effective? - CORRECT ANSWER when it is reinforced and
repeated"
"what is an alloy? - CORRECT ANSWER a mixture of two metals"
"something with a high viscosity flows - CORRECT ANSWER not easily"
"what stabilizes the tofflemire matrix band? - CORRECT ANSWER wooden wedge"
"What is a class I cavity - CORRECT ANSWER decay in pits and fissures of occlusal surface"
"What is a class II cavity - CORRECT ANSWER decay on proximal (mesial or distal) surfaces of
premolars and molars"
"What is a class III cavity? - CORRECT ANSWER decay in proximal surfaces (Mesial or distal) of
incisors and canines"
"What is a class IV cavity? - CORRECT ANSWER decay in proximal surfaces (mesial or distal) of
incisors and canines and involves the incisal edge or angle of tooth"
"What is a class V cavity? - CORRECT ANSWER decay on the gingival third of facial or lingual
surface of any tooth"
"what is a class VI cavity? - CORRECT ANSWER decay on incisal edges of anterior teeth and
the cusp tips of posterior teeth caused by abrasion, wear, or defects"
"mental foramen of mandible - CORRECT ANSWER one of two holes located on the anterior
surface of the mandible. It permits passage of the mental nerve and vessels."
"hamular notch - CORRECT ANSWER The palpable notch formed by the junction of the
maxillary tuberosity and the pterygoid hamulus of the sphenoid bone. Also called the pterygomaxillary notch."
"linea alba - CORRECT ANSWER white line on the cheek"
"besides hardness, size and shape of abrasive agents, what other factors must be considered
when polishing amalgams? - CORRECT ANSWER concentration of abrasive agent"
"true or false: centric relation is a measure measurement of where the teeth are positioned when
the joints are aligned correctly and in contact? - CORRECT ANSWER false"
"finishing a restoration involves contouring, removal of marginal discrepancies, _____ the
anatomy and _____ the amalgam surface - CORRECT ANSWER defining, smoothing"
"having a poor contact which increases the potential of food impaction is a _____ proximal area
- CORRECT ANSWER under contoured" "What is not an instrument used for finishing and polishing amalgam restorations: brownie
points, green stone, carver, prophy cup - CORRECT ANSWER carver"
"When would a light gauge, vacuum-formed resin material be used? - CORRECT ANSWER
bleach tray or provisional coverage" "what type of stain, found on some children's teeth, can be caused by poor hygiene and the fungi
are retained in bacterial plaque? - CORRECT ANSWER green stain"
"what is the Theory of Selective polishing? - CORRECT ANSWER only polish the teeth that
have staining or need it, not all of the teeth" "what making a bleach tray with a vacuum former, how far should the material sag before it is
lowered down over the model? - CORRECT ANSWER 1/2 inch"
"the tip of the explorer is used at the gingival edge of a restoration with over-lapping strokes to
do what? - CORRECT ANSWER remove excess cement"
"what is the mixing motion for Zinc phosphate cement - CORRECT ANSWER broad figure eight
movements on a cool, dry glass slab (mixing time 1-2 minutes)"
"what dental dam clamp is used for a class V anterior restoration? - CORRECT ANSWER
double-bowed cervical clamp"
"what ingredient in ZOE makes it necessary to mix on an oil resistant paper pad? - CORRECT
ANSWER eugenol"
"cementation of ceramic or resin inlays, veneers, orthodontic bands, direct bonding or
orthodontic brackets and all metal castings can be done with what cement? - CORRECT
ANSWER composite resin cement"
"what hand piece is used to make an adjustment to a temp crown? - CORRECT ANSWER slow
speed"
"criteria of selection of restorations to be polished - CORRECT ANSWER no fractures to
restoration, proximal contact precent in class II restoration, anatomy can be maintained or improved, margins can be contoured to be flush, occlusal can be maintained or improved"
"what type of base is placed in a cavity preparation to protect from thermal shock? - CORRECT
ANSWER insulating"
"how close to the gingival margin is the material trimmed to avoid irritation? - CORRECT
ANSWER 0.5 mm"
