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A comprehensive overview of various ekg rhythms, including their characteristics, identification, and clinical significance. It presents a series of questions and answers designed to test understanding of ekg interpretation and analysis. Common rhythms such as normal sinus rhythm, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and more, offering valuable insights for medical students and professionals.
Typology: Exams
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Normal Sinus Rhythm ✔✔Has an upright P wave identical throughout strip
PR interval is <0.20 second
QRS complexes are identical & no longer than 0.12 second
ST segment is flat
RR interval is regular & heart rate is 60 to 100/min
PAC's ✔✔Rate: depends on the rhythem
Rhythm: irregular due to premature beat
p waves: appear different from underlying rythem precedes QRS complex, may be lost in T wave of previous beat.
QRS complexes: of normal duration and all look alike
PR intervals: normal or shortned
Sinus Tachycardia ✔✔Recognized when heart rate exceeds 100/min at rest
Each QRS complex is preceded by P wave
Sinus Bradycardia ✔✔Heart rate is less than 60/min
Each QRS is preceded by P wave
PR interval & QRS complex are normal
Junctional/Nodal ✔✔P wave: inverted or absent. may follow QRS complex.
PR: interval (short and less than 0.12 seconds)
QRS: usually 0.06-0.10 seconds QRS complexes should be normal but they can be wide or unusual looking
Accelerated Junctional ✔✔Rate: 40-60 BPM
rhythm: regular
P waves: inverted; may appear before QRS complex
QRS complexes: of normal duration and all look alike
PR intervals: if present will be shorter than normal
Atrial Fib ✔✔Results when atrial muscle quivers in irregular pattern; no true P waves are seen
Ventricular rate may be slow & irregular
*PR intervals & RR intervals remain regular with no correlation with one another
Ventricular Tachycardia ✔✔*Represent run of 3 or more PVCs in a row
*Easy to recognize as series of wide QRS complexes with no preceding P wave
*Ventricular rate is usually 100 to 250/min
Ventricular Fib ✔✔ECG shows grossly irregular fluctuations with zigzag pattern
Asystole ✔✔absence of any cardiac activity
Wandering Atrial Pacmaker Rhythm ✔✔Rate: usally normal
Rythem: slightly irregular
P waves: change in appearance, one precedes each QRS complex. At least three different p-wave configurations are needed to diagnose wandering atrial pacemaker.
QRS complex: of normal duration and all look alike
PR intervals: varies
Couplet ✔✔two pvcs in a row
Bigeminy ✔✔every other beat is a PVC
Trigeminy ✔✔every third beat is a PVC
Idioventricular (agonial rhythm) ✔✔Rate: 20-40 bpm
rythem: regular
p waves: are not visible
QRS: are wide (greater the 0.12 seconds in duration) and bizzare in apperence
pr intervals: are absent
PVC'S ✔✔rate: depends on underlying rythem
rhythem:irregular due to premature beat
p-waves: of are not visable as they are hidden in the QRS complex
QRS: of PVC's are wide (greater than 0.12 seconds in duration) and bizzare in apperence
PR intervals: of PVC's are absent