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An overview of the Elastic Rebound Theory and the earthquake cycle, focusing on the concept of coseismic surface displacements and interseismic velocities. data from a 1927 strike-slip earthquake in Japan, 2D horizontal displacement patterns, and a discussion on the role of friction and elasticity in earthquake formation. Students will learn about the relationship between strain, elasticity, stress, and the conditions required for an earthquake to occur.
What you will learn
Typology: Summaries
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slipped
(meters)
2D horizontal displacement pattern at the Earth!s surface, from a model of a short strike-slip fault (red line)
28 mm/yr ABAT AGUZ
How to make an earthquake: Build up enough shear stress to exceed the frictional strength of a fault, over a large enough spatial surface area of a frictionally unstable (“velocity weakening”) fault
We must define friction and (with normal stress) the strength of the fault
(2) Frictional strength of the fault: How to make an earthquake: Build up enough shear stress to exceed the frictional strength of a fault, over a large enough spatial surface area of a frictionally unstable (“velocity weakening”) fault
We must understand the stability criteria for failure on the fault, that is, conditions leading to an earthquake rather than steady frictional creep on the fault
(3) Other required conditions (“velocity- weakening friction”, “large enough area” of the fault:
