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Electrolysis IBEC+Laser STATE BOARD Practice test Laser stands for what? - Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation What is the distance measured in nanometers between two peaks or two troughs known as?
- Wavelength Light of only one color & one specific wavelength is known as? - Monochromatic Refraction is also known as what? - Transmission The process where by a newly created photon of light (generated through amplification) acquires energy equal to the photons that created it is known as? - Stimulated Emission The states of equilibrium or middle state of light - Metastable State Who theorized stimulated emission? - Albert Einstein The part of the laser that contains the active medium is called? - Resinator cavity What are the states of light in stimulated emission? - Ground State Excited State Singlet State Metastable State
Alexandrite laer is in the visible light spectrum at what wavelength? - 755 nm The Nd:YAG laser falls in the invisible light spectrum with a wavelength of what? - 1064 nm What type of wave is used in laser hair removal? - Pulsed wave A chromophore is also know at what? - Target The chromophore absorbs what? - Energy Goggles worn by the patient and practitioner must be approved by which group? - ANSI (American National Standard Institute) for Class 3B and Class 4 Lasers Each laser wavelength is what to its machine? - Specific What are the parameters when doing laser hair removal? - Wavelength Spot Size Fluence Pulse Width Pulsed lasers allow for selective heating of specific targets, this is also known as? - Selective Photothermolysis The rate/amount of energy delivered within a given area is known as? - Fluence An increase in fluence equals an increase in what? - Heat. Resulting in more damage The length of time the light/energy is in contact with the target that is measured in milliseconds (ms): - Pulse width/Pulse duration
What percentage of follicles are damaged with each laser treatment? - 15% What is a long-term stable reduction of the growing hairs after a treatment regime? - Laser Hair Removal (LHR) What does the FDA call laser hair removal? - Permanent hair reduction What is the highest setting the skin can tolerate without damage called? - Fluence Threshold What is the highest setting the patient can tolerate without the treatment becoming impossible called? - Patient Threshold The amount of hair per one square centimeter is known as? - Hair density The higher the hair density, the _______ the fluence? - Lower What percentage of overlapping do you want when doing LHR? - 30% Darker/tanned skin requires what kind of fluence? - Lower What should you never use to clean a patient's skin prior to LHR? - Alcohol Pulse duration is measured in what unit? - milliseconds (ms) Spot size is measured in what unit? - millimeters (mm) Repetition rate is measured in what unit? - hertz (Hz)
Who is the grandfather of laser and was the first person to use water to cool the skin during laser? - Rox Anderson The formula for fluence is? - Joules = J/cm What kind of lasers allow for selective heating of specific targets? - Selective photothermolysis For deeper laser penetration what should the practitioner do to the laser? - Change to a bigger spot size The primary reason for using cooling devices during laser hair removal is? - Allows for higher and more effective fluences to be used while sparing the epidermis During the initial consultation, the patient should be informed that the process will take how long for laser hair removal? - A series of treatments The principle that says energy must be absorbed by an object in order to produce an effect is called? - Grotthuss-Draper law What is laser light? - Monochromatic light Laser is equivalent to which of the following modalities? - Thermolysis An element has the ability to produce laser when it is in which state? - Metastable state What are the positive reactions to the skin indicating a successful LHR treatment? - Perifollicular erythema, perifollicular edema Incandescent light is an example of? - Incoherent light
What is used to cool the inside of most pulsed lasers during operation? - Distilled water What is the chromophore when using the Nd:YAG laser for hair removal? - Melanin in the hair shaft and bulb What is the FDA class that presents both a direct and reflected hazard? - Class IV What is considered a natural chromophore for hair removal lasers? - melanin in the hair shaft and bulb Hair removal lasers are effective on which types of hair follicles? - Curved Distorted Straight What is most likely the cause of red, itchy bumps in the treatment area 10-14 days after a patient's laser hair removal treatment? - Detached hair becoming trapped under the skin Laser hair removal is least effective on follicles in what stage of development? - Telogen The voluntary nationally recognized group establishing standards for equipment use is known as? - American National Standards Institute (ANSI) types of epidermal cooling - Bulk - gel (topical) contact - a window cooled by circulating liquid cryogen spray - applied pre-laser pulse air - zimmer cooler LHR on patients with a Fitzpatrick of V & VI requires? - Longer wavelengths (diode 810nm or Nd:YAG 1064nm)
Who is considered to be the "father of lasers" in medicine? - Leon Goldman Components of the laser include - A flashlamp/high intensity non-coherent light source, Lasing medium, Fiber optics and lenses What are the properties of light when it reacts with tissue? - Scatter Transmission Absorption Reflection What is the waiting period before laser treatment after a patient stops taking Accutane? - 180 days (6months) Longer laser lengths, penetrate the tissue - Deeper An increase in color in cells post treatment is referred to as? - Hyperpigmentation The duration on the pulse from a laser is known as? - Pulse width What is most critical for protecting the skin during laser hair removal? - Cooling the skin What is considered the chromophore when a laser is used to treat red spider veins? - Oxyhemoglobin (blood) Serum and lymph passing through vessel walls into tissue is known as? - Edema Permanent hair reduction according to the FDA is defined as? - A long term stable reduction in the number of hair regrowing after a treatment regime
What type of non-laser light is also used for hair removal? - Intense pulsed light (IPL) polychromatic The law of thermodynamics says that? - Atoms are always active Laser effects the growing cell in the follicle - Thermal effects of the laser light The measure of time that light energy is in contact with the skin is known as? - Pulse duration The measure that determines the target chromophore or pigment is the? - Wavelength The use of excessive laser fluences may result in? - Purpura Retinal hazard is possible at what wavelengths? - 400 - 1400 nm The target for laser hair removal is? - Melanin The longer pulse widths are considered more effective because? - They penetrate deeper into the tissue Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH/lye) - The negative pole produces iatric hirsutism - Hirsutism resulting from taking certain medications To minimize the effect of chemical compound deposited (Chlorine & hydrochloric acid) at the positive side - What is the reason for the indifferent electrode to be bigger than the needle in the use of galvanic electrolysis
Current density/concentration of current - What is determined by the surface area of each electrode PCOS/Stein Leventhal syndrome - What disease is characterized by irregular menstrual cycle Idiopathic hirsutism - Hirsutism with no identifiable cause is Teardrop or pear - The shape of the heated area surrounding the high frequency needle is the shape of High frequency and galvanic current - The blend is achieved by using more caustic - Using the blend modality, the application of thermolysis causes the lye to be superfluous - What is excess hair that is not abnormal for a persons age and sex, but is not desired or socially acceptable Thyroxine (T4) - What hormone produced by the thyroid gland helps keep the bodies function (metabolism) working at the correct piece Early anagen - When a client has been tweezing weekly, most of the hair in the area of tweezing will be in what stage of growth Terminal - What types of hairs are deep, course, usually pigmented Vellus - What type of hair is fine, short and often called "peach fuzz" Ferriman Gallway score - What is the method of grading or evaluating hirsutism in women
inner root sheath (IRS) - What serves as an anchor and holds the hair in the follicle Apocrine glands - What type of gland is located in the genital and axillae areas and usually the "smelly ones" Under arm - In what area of the body do the apocrine glands tend to be the largest Sebaceous gland - In which gland does the vellus hair originate Sebum (lipids) - What is produced by the sebaceous gland that helps lubricate and protect the skin Late anagen - In which state of hair growth is hair easiest for electrologist to epilate Arrector pili - What is an appendage to the hair follicle that is attached midway between the bulb in the sebaceous gland (gives goosebumps or makes hair stand up) Lanugo - What is also known as baby fetal hair that falls off a few weeks after birth Langerhans cells (immunity) - What are the first cells in the epidermis that fight infection or invading microorganisms Cortex - Which layer of the hair has cells that contain melanin Medulla, cortex, cuticle - Name the layers of the hair from the inside out Legs - On which part of the body do you find the most red dots after electrolysis
Electrolysis (galvanic) - What is the only permanent hair removal procedure Herpes type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1/HSV-2) and warts HPV - What type of contagious outbreaks should not be treated with electrolysis during outbreak Verruca - What is another name for wart herpes type 1 HSV-1 - Which form of herpes generally causes sores or fever blisters from the waist up, specifically around the mouth (should not be treated during outbreak) herpes type 2 HSV-2 - Which form of herpes generally causes infection from the waist down and is typically sexually transmitted (should not be treated during outbreak) 3 months - What is the time recommended to wait before electrolysis treatment after dermabrasion Acne. Lyme disease. Rosacea - What diseases are treated with tetracycline antibiotic Legs - In a diabetic client which area of the body is the worst one for electrolysis because of slow healing Sun, stress, tweezing and aspirin - Which of the following can cause increased hair growth Sudoriferous gland - Which of the following is not part of the pilosebaceous unit An excess of androgen - For women, terminal hair on the face alone suggests Papillary and reticular - Tattoo sublayers of the dermis are Before and after treatment - At which of the following times is handwashing indicated
Kept clean, well lighted, and well ventilated - According to section 3 under the standards for environmental control and housekeeping, each treatment room must be hypoglycemia - What condition is categorized by blood glucose level dropping too low Diabetes - What condition is categorized by frequent urination, excessive thirst, unexplained weight loss, extreme hunger, vision changes, tingling or numbness in the hands or feet, dry skin, slow healing, and fatigue Hyperglycemia - What condition is categorized by blood glucose level rising too high Acanthosis nigricans - What is a skin condition that is categorized by dark raised areas that develop in the skin folds in areas like the neck, armpits, and growing more common in diabetes Tombstone - What is the remnant of a small anagen hair which was left unepilated in a treated follicle called Straight - What type of hair is associates with or emanates from round follicles Macrophages - What are special cells that engulf damaged tissues and recycle the chemicals to make new healthy tissue Wavy - What type of hair is associated with or emanates from oval follicles Prickle cells - What are living cells that make up most of the life cells of the epidermis in the spinosum layer Very curly - What type of hair is associated with or emanates from flat follicles
Swelling, edema - What is described as capillaries leaking plasma into an injured area Ecchymosis, bruising - What is seen as a black and blue mark under the skin after inserting into a follicle and commonly seen in eyebrows Erythema - What is another name for redness Breast and abdomen - Where electrolysis should be avoided during the last trimester (3months) of pregnancy Keloid - a sharply elevated irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar due to the formation of excessive amounts of collagen formation in the corium during connective tissue repair (common of people of color) Curly - What type of hair typically responds very well to blend method (much better than galvanic and thermolysis) Cataphoresis - What can be an excellent tool for helping the skin get back to normal after an electrolysis treatment by neutralizing the sodium hydroxide produced in the follicle Irritates the nerves in the skin, promotes redness, and softens tissue - What is the effect of the negative pole on the skin Alternating current, high frequency, short wave and radio frequency - What are other names for thermolysis Watt - What is the unit of power Point effect - What is the name for a localized maximum heat only at the point of the needle tip that only takes place in thermolysis
Stress - In case the client presents with a herpes outbreak, what can you suggest may have triggered the outbreak False - If a client presents with a cold sore on the mouth, electrologist can perform electrolysis on the area of outbreak only if wearing gloves Use vinyl or nitrile gloves - If a client informs that they are allergic to latex what should you do Dimpling - What is the formation of slight depression on the epidermis that results when the electrolysis needle insertion is incorrect, the pressure on the needle is excessive or may be when the needle is too long To consider all clients as potential infectious, to adhere to infection control precautions for minimizing the risk of exposure to blood or body fluids for all clients, to reduce the risk of transmission of infection from client, practitioner and client to practitioner - What is the purpose of the standards that have been developed for electrologists and electrology instructors Biological indicator (BI) - What type of indicated needs to be placed in the sterilization device every month Non-critical - is the insulated plastic covered cord used to complete the circuit between the epilator in the indifferent electrode considered critical or non-critical Single used, presterilized and disposable - All needles in electrolysis should be True - Residual moisture on hands after handwashing has been found to play important role in the transfer of bacteria and viruses, so a longer duration of hand drying will result in fewer bacteria transferring to other surfaces Glass bead sterilizer, carbon rollers and household bleach - What are items according to the infection control standards for the practice of electrology should not be used
Intermediate level disinfectant and low level hospital grade disinfectant - Non-critical equipment and environmental surfaces are clean and then treated with 3/4 full - How full should the sharps container to be when you dispose it 15 years - When practitioners and electrology students are immune against hepatitis B virus how long are shots affective? False - (hand washing) The warmer the water, the more effective bar soap - What is not recommended for HCWs to use and client care areas due to risk of contamination 15 to 30 seconds - When washing hands what is the correct time frame to vigorously rub hands together Clients skin health status needs to be assessed - According to standard II of basic practice for electrologist, what needs to be done before every treatment The hair bulb - When performing electrolysis what should be the target area in order to kill the hair follicle Able to withstand sterilization frequently - What is the most important thing to remember when purchasing forceps True - When treating a clients eyebrow it is important to sit at the end of the table overlooking the clients head or at the side of the client Ingrown hair - The technique of using a flat lancet to open the pustules or to pierce the skin to retrieve the hair is used for what type of hair
