Download EMT AAOS Section 6 Medical Test Exam with 100% Correct Answers What is most important to and more Exams Medicine in PDF only on Docsity!
EMT AAOS Section 6 Medical Test Exam
with 100% Correct Answers
What is most important to assess during patient assessment during secondary assessment? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Chief complaint
In a conscious adult patient, which of the following pulses should be assessed initially? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Radial
Vital signs should be reassessed every ________ minutes for a stable patient. - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - 15
The EMT should reassess the vital signs of an unstable patient every ________ minutes. - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - 5
In contrast to the assessment of a trauma patient, assessment of a medical patient: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - is focused on the nature of illness, the patient's chief complaint, and his or her symptoms.
Which of the following conditions is NOT categorized as a psychiatric condition? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - substance abuse
The greatest danger in displaying a personal bias or "labeling" a patient who frequently calls EMS is: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -overlooking a potentially serious medical condition.
An index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness.
When forming your general impression of a patient with a medical complaint, it is important to remember that: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -the conditions of many medical patients may not appear serious at first.
Upon initial contact with a patient who appears to be unconscious, you should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - attempt to elicit a verbal response by talking to the patient.
Your primary assessment of an elderly woman reveals that she is conscious and alert, but is experiencing difficulty breathing. She has a history of emphysema, hypertension, and congestive heart failure. As you assess the patient's circulatory status, you should direct your partner to: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -administer oxygen with the appropriate device.
In addition to looking for severe bleeding, assessment of circulation in the conscious patient should involve: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -checking the radial pulse and noting the color, temperature, and condition of his or her skin.
When assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which of the following would MOST likely reveal the cause of his or her problem? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -history taking
Which of the following will MOST reliably allow you to determine the nature of a patient's illness? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -asking questions related to the chief complaint
A 58-year-old man complains of chest discomfort and nausea. He is conscious and alert; his blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, his pulse is 104 beats/min, and his respirations are 16 breaths/min. Your partner has applied supplemental oxygen. Prior to assisting the patient with one of his prescribed nitroglycerin tablets, you ask him if he takes medication to treat erectile dysfunction and he tells you that he does. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -ask him what he takes, how much, and when he last took it.
When caring for a patient who takes numerous medications, it is best to: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -take all of the patient's medications with you to the hospital and document them on your patient care report.
The secondary assessment of a medical patient - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -is not practical if the patient is critically ill or your transport time is short.
You have just completed your primary assessment of a 48-year-old man with crushing chest pain. The patient has been given 324 mg of aspirin and is receiving high-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask. As you begin your secondary assessment, you note that his mental status has deteriorated and he is now bradycardic. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -prepare the patient for immediate transport.
After sizing up the scene of a patient with a possible infectious disease, your next priority should be to: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -take standard precautions.
Typical chief complaints in patients with an infectious disease include: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -fever, rash, nausea, and difficulty breathing.
In addition to obtaining a SAMPLE history and asking questions related to the chief complaint, what else should you inquire about when assessing a patient with a potentially infectious disease? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -recent travel
An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small harmful organisms within the body.
Which of the following statements regarding the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is correct? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -The risk of HIV infection is greatest when deposited on a mucous membrane or directly into the bloodstream.
Syphilis is a: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -bloodborne disease that can successfully be treated with penicillin.
Early signs and symptoms of viral hepatitis include all of the following, EXCEPT: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - jaundice and abdominal pain.
Which of the following statements regarding hepatitis A is correct? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -Hepatitis A can only be transmitted by a patient who has an acute infection.
Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, which means that it: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -has a greater ability to produce disease.
A patient who presents with a headache, fever, confusion, and red blotches on his or her skin should be suspected of having: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -meningitis.
Patients with tuberculosis pose the greatest risk for transmitting the disease when they: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - cough
In contrast to viral hepatitis, toxin-induced hepatitis: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -is not a communicable disease.
Ten days after treating a 34-year-old patient with tuberculosis, you are given a tuberculin skin test, which yields a positive result. This MOST likely indicates that: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -you were exposed to another infected person prior to treating the 34-year-old patient.
Which of the following statements regarding methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is correct? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics.
Factors that increase the risk for developing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) include: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -prolonged hospitalization, especially in an intensive care unit.
A patient who was bitten by a mosquito and presents with signs and symptoms of illness should be suspected of having: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -West Nile virus.
Which of the following statements regarding severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is correct? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -SARS is caused by a virus and usually starts with flulike symptoms that deteriorate to pneumonia and respiratory failure.
Which of the following statements regarding the H1N1 virus is correct? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -It is only one type of influenza among the many other strains of influenza that exist and infect humans.
meningitis - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -inflammation of the meningeal coverings of the brain ad spinal cors, usually caused by a virus or bacterium
SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -potentially life threatening viral infection that usually starts with flulike symptoms
You and your EMT partner arrive at the residence of a 50-year-old man who complains of weakness. Your primary assessment reveals that he is critically ill and will require aggressive treatment. The closest hospital is 25 miles away. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -c. Manage all threats to airway, breathing, and circulation and consider requesting an ALS unit.
Your primary assessment of an elderly woman reveals that she is conscious and alert, but is experiencing difficulty breathing. She has a history of emphysema, hypertension, and congestive
treatment modalities is MOST appropriate for this patient? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -b. Oxygen via nonrebreathing mask and a focused secondary assessment
You receive a call for a 70-year-old female with respiratory distress. Her husband tells you that she has congestive heart failure; however, he does not think that she has been taking her medications as prescribed. The patient is laboring to breathe, appears tired, and has cyanosis around her lips. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -c. Assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device.
You are assisting an asthma patient with his prescribed metered-dose inhaler. After the patient takes a deep breath and depresses the inhaler, you should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -b. Instruct him to hold his breath for as long as he comfortably can.
A 22-year-old female patient is complaining of dyspnea and numbness and tingling in her hands and feet after an argument with her fiancé. Her respirations are 40 breaths/min. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -b. Provide reassurance and give oxygen as needed.
A 62-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. When you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to three-word sentences at a time. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a. Apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration.
A 67-year-old female presents with difficulty breathing and chest discomfort that awakened her from her sleep. She states that she has congestive heart failure, has had two previous heart attacks, and has prescribed nitroglycerin. She is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. Her blood pressure is 94/64 mm Hg and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. Treatment for this patient includes: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -c. Placing her in an upright position.
You are assessing a 49-year-old man who complains of chest pressure that began the night before. He is conscious, but anxious, and tells you he has a history of angina and hypertension. After applying high-flow oxygen, you expose his chest to auscultate his lungs and note that he has a nitroglycerin patch on his right upper chest. His skin is cool and pale, his blood pressure is 78/50 mm Hg, and his pulse is 110 beats/min and irregular. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -c.
Remove the nitroglycerin patch, place him in a supine position and elevate his lower extremities, and prepare for immediate transport.
A 66-year-old woman presents with a stabbing pain in the middle of her chest that radiates to her back. She tells you that the pain suddenly began about 30 minutes ago and has been severe since the onset. She has a history of hypertension, but admits to being noncompliant with her antihypertensive medications. When you assess her, you find that her blood pressure is significantly higher in her left arm than it is in her right arm. What are her signs and symptoms MOST indicative of? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a. Dissecting aortic aneurysm
A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -c. Assess the adequacy of his respirations.
A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -d. Administer oxygen, give her 324 mg aspirin, and assess her further.
A 40-year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD). The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a. Deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption of CPR.
During your treatment of a woman in cardiac arrest, you apply the AED, analyze her cardiac rhythm, and receive a "no shock advised" message. This indicates that: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a. She is not in ventricular fibrillation.
You are dispatched to a convenience store for a patient who passed out. Upon arriving at the scene, you find two bystanders performing CPR on the patient, a 58-year-old male. Your initial action should be to: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a. Have the bystanders stop CPR and assess the patient.
Cardiac arrest occurs when: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -(All of the above.)
The heart is not pumping at all.
If the pump fails, regardless of blood volume, - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -delivery of oxygen and glucose to the cells will be decreased.
In order to have adequate blood pressure, - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -vessel tone must be maintained.
hypovolemic shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -shock caused by the loss of blood or fluid from the intravascular space resulting in a low blood volume.
distributive shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -shock associated with a decrease in intravascular volume caused by massive systemic vasodilatation and and increase in capillary permeability.
cardiogenic shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -poor perfusion result ing in an ineffective pump function of the heart.
obstructive shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a poor perfusion state resulting from a condition that obstructs forward blood flow.
hemorrhagic hypovolemic shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -shock from the loss of whole blood from the intravascular space. Often called just hemorrhagic shock.
nonhemorrhagic hypovolemic shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -caused by loss of fluid from the intravascular space with red blood cells and hemoglobin remaining within the vessels.
anaphylactic shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -distributive shock in which chemical mediators cause massive systemic vasodilatation and permeable, leaking capillaries.
septic shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a type of distributive shock caused by an infection that releases bacteria or toxins into the blood.
neurogenic shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a type of distributive shock that results from a massive vasodilatation. Also called vasogenic shock.
compensatory shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -stage of shock in which a cascade of organ and gland stimulation and hormones increases blood pressure, restores atrial wall tension, and maintains near normal blood pressure and perfusion of vital organs.
decompensatory shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -stage of shock in which he body's compensatory mechanisms are no longer able to maintain a blood pressure and perfusion of the vital organs.
irreversible shock - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -stage in which interventions cannot prevent the advance of shock to death.
resuscitation - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -bringing a patient back from a potential or apparent death.
cardiac arrest - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -the cessation of cardiac function with the patient displaying no pulse, no breathing, and unresponsiveness.
sudden death - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -death of a patient within one hour of the onset of signs and symptoms.
downtime - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -the time from cardiac arrest until effective CPR; total downtime the time from cardiac arrest until delivery to the emergency department.
return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -spontaneous pulse return during resuscitation.
survival - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -term applied to a patient who survives cardiac arrest to be discharged from the hospital.
chain of survival - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -series of interventions - early access, CPR, defibrillation, and ACLS - that provides the best chance for successful cardiac resuscitation.
defibrillation - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -electrical shock delivered to help the heart restore normal rhythm
automated external defibrillator (AED) - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a device that can analyze the electrical activity or rhythm of a patients heart and deliver an electrical shock (defibrillation) if appropriate.
asystole - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a heart rhythm indicating absence of any electrical activity in the heart.
Which of the following conditions is more common in women than in men? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - cystitis
The MOST common and significant complication associated with an acute abdomen is: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -peritonitis.
Injury to a hollow abdominal organ would MOST likely result in: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -leakage of contents into the abdominal cavity.
The parietal peritoneum lines the: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -walls of the abdominal cavity.
An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - provide emotional support en route to the hospital.
Which of the following organs assists in the filtration of blood, serves as a blood reservoir, and produces antibodies? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -spleen
You respond to the residence of a 70-year-old male who complains of weakness and severe shortness of breath. His wife tells you that he is a dialysis patient, but has missed his last two treatments. After applying high-flow oxygen, you auscultate his lungs and hear diffuse rhonchi. The patient is conscious, but appears confused. His blood pressure is 98/54 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 120 beats/min and irregular, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min and labored. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -leave him in a sitting position, keep him warm, and prepare for immediate transport.
Erosion of the protective layer of the stomach or duodenum secondary to overactivity of digestive juices results in: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -an ulcer.
The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -removing sodium, and thus water, from the body.
A 59-year-old male presents with a sudden onset of severe lower back pain. He is conscious and alert, but very restless and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals a pulsating mass to the left of his umbilicus. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -administer oxygen and prepare for immediate transport.
Most patients with abdominal pain prefer to: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -lie on their side with their knees drawn into the abdomen.
Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely if injured? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - liver
Patients with acute abdominal pain should not be given anything to eat or drink because: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -substances in the stomach increase the risk of aspiration.
A strangulated hernia is one that: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -loses its blood supply due to compression by local tissues.
Which of the following statements regarding gastrointestinal bleeding is correct? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - Bleeding within the gastrointestinal tract is a symptom of another disease, not a disease itself.
A 30-year-old woman with a history of alcoholism presents with severe upper abdominal pain and is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. Her skin is cool, pale, and clammy; her heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak; and her blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Your MOST immediate action should be to: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -protect her airway from aspiration.
Pain that may be perceived at a distant point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -referred pain.
Diverticulitis occurs in which quadrant? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -left lower quadrant
An aortic aneurysm will occur in which area of the body? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -lower back and lower quadrants
The type of pain where the patient experiences tenderness when direct pressure is applied but severe pain when that pressure is released is called: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -rebound tenderness
You are transporting a 49-year-old male with "tearing" abdominal pain. You are approximately 30 miles away from the closest hospital. During your reassessment, you determine that the patient's condition has deteriorated significantly. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -consider requesting ALS
When assessing a patient with abdominal pain, you should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -palpate the abdomen in a clockwise direction beginning with the quadrant after the one the patient indicates is painful. Correct
Insulin shock will MOST likely develop if a patient: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -takes too much of his or her prescribed insulin.
A 75-year-old male with type 1 diabetes presents with chest pain and a general feeling of weakness. He tells you that he took his insulin today and ate a regular meal approximately 2 hours ago. You should treat this patient as though he is experiencing: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a heart attack.
A 29-year-old female presents with confusion and disorientation. Her respirations are rapid and shallow and her pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. She is markedly diaphoretic and has an oxygen saturation of 89%. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -provide ventilatory support.
You respond to a movie theater for a 70-year-old male who is confused. His wife tells you he has type 2 diabetes but refuses to take his pills. Your assessment reveals that the patient is diaphoretic, tachycardic, and tachypneic. Initial management for this patient should include:q - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -applying a nonrebreathing mask at 15 L/min.
When assessing an unconscious diabetic patient, the primary visible difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia is the: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -rate and depth of breathing.
A 19-year-old male complains of "not feeling right." His insulin and a syringe are on a nearby table. The patient says he thinks he took his insulin and cannot remember whether he ate. He is also unable to tell you the time or what day it is. The glucometer reads "error" after several attempts to assess his blood glucose level. In addition to administering oxygen, you should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -contact medical control and administer oral glucose.
Type 1 Diabetes: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -A) is typically treated with medications such as Glucophage
B) is a condition in which no insulin is produced by the body
C) typically occurs in patients between 50 and 70 years of age
D) is defined as a blood sugar level that is less than 120 mg/dL
Immediately after giving an epinephrine injection, you should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -properly dispose of the syringe.
While auscultating breath sounds of a patient who was stung multiple times by a yellow jacket, you hear bilateral wheezing over all lung fields. This indicates: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -narrowing of the bronchioles in the lungs.
Common signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction include all of the following, EXCEPT: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -drying of the eyes.
The two MOST common signs of anaphylaxis are: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -wheezing and widespread urticaria.
After administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine via auto-injector to a 22-year-old female with an allergic reaction, you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation of her hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine.
Most patients who die of anaphylaxis do so within the first __________ following exposure. - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - 30 minutes
Chemicals that are responsible for the signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction to a bee sting include: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -histamines and leukotrienes.
The stinger from a honeybee should be: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -scraped away from the skin.
Urticaria is the medical term for: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -hives.
Which of the following medications blocks the release of histamines? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
A raised, swollen, well-defined area on the skin that is the result of an insect bite or sting is called: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -a wheal.
A 37-year-old male is having a severe allergic reaction to penicillin. He does not have an epinephrine auto-injector and your protocols do not allow you to carry epinephrine on the ambulance. How should you proceed with the treatment of this patient? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - Administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic intercept.
The foreign substance responsible for causing an allergic reaction is called a(n): - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - allergen.
Because the stinger of a honeybee remains in the wound following a sting: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -it can continue to inject venom for up to 20 minutes.
A 19-year-old female was stung multiple times on the legs by fire ants. She states that she is allergic to fire ants, but does not carry her own epinephrine. The patient is conscious and alert and complains of pain to the area of the bites. Her blood pressure is 122/70 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and strong, and her respirations are 18 breaths/min and unlabored. You should - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital.
You have administered one dose of epinephrine to a 40-year-old female to treat an allergic reaction that she developed after being stung by a scorpion. Your reassessment reveals that she is still having difficulty breathing, has a decreasing mental status, and has a blood pressure of 80/ mm Hg. You should: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -request permission from medical control to give another dose of epinephrine.
Which of the following physiologic actions does epinephrine produce when given for an allergic reaction? - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -vasoconstriction and bronchodilation
Common side effects of epinephrine include all of the following, EXCEPT: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - drowsiness.
Epinephrine is indicated for patients with an allergic reaction when: - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -wheezing and hypotension are present
substance abuse is MOST accurately defined as - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -knowingly misusing substances to produce a desired effect
the EMTs primary responsibility to the patient who has been poisoned is to - Answer ✔️ ✔️ - recognize that a poisoning has occurred
heroin is an example of an - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -opioid
hypotension,hypoventilation, and pinpoint pupils would be expected following an overdose of - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -oxycodone(Percocet)
signs and symptoms of a sympathomimetic drug overdose includes - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -tachycardia
which of the following drugs is NOT a sedative-hypnotic - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -cocaine
your paramedic partner administers atropine to a 49 year old male with bradycardia which of the following side effects would you expect the patient to experience - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -dry mucous membranes
which of the following questions would be LEAST pertinence during the initial questioning of a patient who ingested a substance - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -why was the substance ingested
a poison that enters the body by ______ is the MOST difficult to treat. - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -injection
the poison control center will be able to provide you with the most information regarding the appropriate treatment for a patient with a drug overdose if the center - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -is aware of the substance that is involved
which of the following statements regarding inhaled poisons is correct - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -lung damage may progress after the patient is removed from the environment
your priority in caring for a patient with a surface contact poisoning is to - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -avoid contaminating yourself
phosphorus or elemental sodium should be brushed off the skin instead of irrigated with water because - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -these chemicals may ignite upon contact with water
most poisonings occur via the ________ route - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -ingestion
syrup of ipecac is no longer recommended to treat patients who have ingested a poisonous substance because it - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -may result in aspiration of vomitus
activated charcoal is given to patients who have ingested certain substance because because it - Answer ✔️ ✔️ -binds to the substance and prevents absorption.
