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EMT FINAL EXAM JBLEARNING ACTUAL EXAM
VERSIONS 1 , 2 AND 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2024-2025 UPDATE
EMT FINAL EXAM JBLEARNING
A young female experienced a laceration to her left eyeball from flying glass when her boyfriend broke a soda bottle against a wall. There is moderate bleeding and the patient states that she cannot see out of the injured eye. You should: - ANSWER-avoid applying pressure to the globe when you are covering the eye. At rest, the normal adult heart rate should not exceed: - ANSWER-100 beats/min Delivering a patient to the hospital involves all of the following activities, EXCEPT: - ANSWER- giving a verbal report to the clerk Common names for activated charcoal include all of the following, EXCEPT: - ANSWER-Fructose As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the: - ANSWER-alveoli Common signs and symptoms of AMI include all of the following EXCEPT: - ANSWER-pain exacerbated by breathing
Breathing occurs as the result of a(n): - ANSWER-increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the CSF During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the dispatcher's responsibilities include all of the following, EXCEPT: - ANSWER-discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives Initial signs and symptoms associated with viral hemorrhagic fevers include: - ANSWER- headache and sore throat Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the: - ANSWER-gallbladder The MOST appropriate treatment for a patient with a mild upper airway obstruction includes: - ANSWER-administering oxygen and transporting immediately A 22 year-old female patient is complaining of dyspnea and numbness and tingling in her hands and feet after an argument with her fiancé. Her respirations are 40 breaths/min. You should: - ANSWER-provide reassurance and give oxygen as needed.
A tour bus has overturned, resulting in numerous patients. When you arrive, you are immediately assigned to assist in the triage process. Patient 1 is a middle-aged male with respiratory distress, chest pain, and a closed deformity to his right forearm. Patient 2 is a young female who is conscious and alert, but has bilateral femur fractures and numerous abrasions to her arms and face. Patient 3 is an older woman who complains of abdominal pain and has a history of cardiovascular disease. Patient 4 is unresponsive, is not breathing, has a weak carotid pulse, and has a grossly deformed skull. What triage categories should you assign to these patients? - ANSWER-Patient 1, immediate (red); Patient 2, delayed (yellow); Patient 3, immediate (red); Patient 4, expectant (black) As an EMT, the performance of your duties will be compared to that of: - ANSWER-another EMT If hydroplaning of the ambulance occurs, the driver should: - ANSWER-gradually slow down without jamming on the brakes. All of the following biological agents or diseases can be transmitted from person to person, EXCEPT: - ANSWER-ricin A 23 year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has rapid and shallow breathing, and has copious bloody secretion in his mouth. How should you manage his airway? - ANSWER-Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilations.
A 38 year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should: - ANSWER-begin CPT and apply the AED. A 4-year-old, 15-kg male ingested an unknown quantity of acetaminophen (Tylenol). The child's mother states that she does not know when the ingestion occurred. The child is conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. The EMT should: - ANSWER-administer 15 g of activated charcoal. A patient who has experienced a back injury, with or without spinal cord damage, would be triaged with a ___________ tag during a mass-casualty incident - ANSWER-yellow An unconscious patient found in a prone position must be placed in a supine position in case he or she: - ANSWER-requires CPR Following delivery of a pulseless and apneic infant who has a foul odor, skin sloughing, and diffuse blistering, you should: - ANSWER-Provide emotional support to the mother Substance abuse is MOST accurately defined as: - ANSWER-knowingly misusing a substance to produce a desired effect.
It would be MOST appropriate from a patient to take his or her prescribed nitroglycerin when experiencing: - ANSWER-chest pain that does not immediately subside with rest. Acute pulmonary edema would MOST likely develop as the result of: - ANSWER-toxic chemical inhalation Activities such as walking, talking, and writing are regulated exclusively by the: - ANSWER- somatic nervous system When the level of arterial carbon dioxide rises above normal: - ANSWER-respirations increase in rate and depth An air embolism associated with diving occurs when: - ANSWER-the driver holds his or her breath during a rapid ascent Most prehospital cardiac arrests occur as the result of: - ANSWER-a cardiac dysrhythmia A patient is bleeding severely from a severed femoral artery high in the groin region. Which of the following would MOST likely control the bleeding? - ANSWER-apply a topical hemostatic agent with direct pressure
A patient regains consciousness en route from his office to the emergency department. The patient tells you that he feels fine and does not want to of to the hospital. Under these circumstances, you should: - ANSWER-assess whether the patient's mental condition is impaired. Braxton-Hicks contractions are characterized by: - ANSWER-alleviation of pain with movement or changing positions You are transporting a 33 year-old male who has involved in a major motor vehicle crash. You have addressed all immediate and potentially life-threatening conditions and have stabilized his condition with the appropriate treatment. With an estimated time of arrival at the hospital of 20 minutes, you should: - ANSWER-reassess his condition in 5 minutes. A functional disorder is a: - ANSWER-physiological disorder in the absence of a structural abnormality. Complications associated with using a manually triggered ventilation device include: - ANSWER- lung tissue injury and gastric distention. A 74 year-old woman complains of heaviness in her chest, nausea, and sweating that suddenly began about an hour ago. She is conscious and alert, but anxious. Her blood pressure is 144/
A patient with profuse sweating is referred to as being: - ANSWER-diaphoretic An unrestrained patient is sitting in his car after an automobile crash. He is conscious and alert, has no visible trauma, and is complaining of neck and back pain. Before removing him from his car, you should: - ANSWER-apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest-style device A 17 year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation. As you partner is applying oxygen you perform a rapid assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should: - ANSWER-apply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment A strangulated hernia is one that: - ANSWER-loses its blood supply due to compression by local tissues. A critical function of the safety officer is to: - ANSWER-stop an emergency operation whenever a rescuer is in danger. After administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine via auto-injector to a 22-year-old female with an allergic reaction, you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation of her hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should: - ANSWER-monitor her closely but recall that anxiery and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine
Bacterial vaginosis is a condition that occurs when: - ANSWER-normal bacteria in the vagina are replaced by an overgrowth of other bacterial forms A 39 year-old female experienced a severe closed head injury. She is unconscious with her eyes slightly open; her pupils are bilaterally dilated and slow to react. In addition to managing problems with airway, breathing, and circulation, you should: - ANSWER-close her eyes and cover them with a moist dressing. General guidelines for managing a patient with a behavioral emergency include: - ANSWER- using 10 codes to ensure radio traffic confidentiality A portable oxygen cylinder should have a minimum capacity of ___________ of oxygen. - ANSWER-500 L Neurogenic shock occurs when: - ANSWER-failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation. Covering a patient's _________ will significantly minimize radiation heat loss. - ANSWER-head
A 15 year-old male was killed when he struck by a car while riding his bicycle. He has numerous disfiguring injuries and has been placed in the back of the ambulance to shield him from curious bystanders. When the child's parents arrive at the scene, they demand to see him. You should: - ANSWER-advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first. In contrast to abruptio placenta, placent previa: - ANSWER-may not present with heavy vaginal bleeding. An appropriate demonstration of professionalism when your patient is frightened, demanding, or unpleasant is to: - ANSWER-continue to be nonjudgmental, compassionate, and respectful. A 52-year-old male presents with a fever of 102.5°F and a severe headache. As you assess him, you note the presence of multiple blisters on his face and chest, which are all identical in shape and size. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with: - ANSWER-smallpox Most terrorist attacks: - ANSWER-require multiple terrorists working together According to the JumpSTART triage system, if a pediatric patient is not breathing, you should: - ANSWER-assess for a distal pulse.
Signs and symptoms of a sympathomimetic drug overdose include: - ANSWER-tachycardia Your assessment of an unresponsive patient reveals that her breathing is inadequate. Your MOST immediate action should be to: - ANSWER-check her airway for obstructions Aggressive ambulance driving may have a negative effect on other motorists because: - ANSWER-it may not allow for their reaction time to respond to your vehicle. If the incident command system (ICS) is already established at the scene of a WMD or terrorist attack, the EMT should: - ANSWER-locate the medical staging officer to obtain his or her assignment. A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no more than ________ hours following the incident. - ANSWER- 72 A 62 year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. When you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to three-word sentences at a time. You should: - ANSWER-apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration.
A 40 year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an implanted pacemaker. The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do? - ANSWER-Deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption of CPR. During your treatment of a woman in cardiac arrest, you apply the AED, analyze her cardiac rhythm, and receive a "no shock advised" message. This indicates that: - ANSWER-she is not in ventricular fibrillation. A ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) mismatch occurs when: - ANSWER-a disruption in blood flow inhibits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen. Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include: - ANSWER- tachypnea and tingling in the extremities. A patient who does not respond to your questions, but moves or cries out when his or her trapezius muscle is pinched, is said to be: - ANSWER-responsive to painful stimuli. According to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations, an employer must: - ANSWER-offer a workplace environment that reduces the risk of exposure.
A 50 year-old male presents with an altered mental status. His wife tells you that he had a "small stroke" 3 years ago but has otherwise been in good health. The patient is responsive but unable to follow commands. After administering oxygen, you should: - ANSWER-prepare for immediate transport. Based on current guidelines, in which of the following situations should supplement oxygen be administered? - ANSWER-Exposure to carbon monoxide and an oxygen saturation of 95% At what age does separation anxiety typically peak in infants and small children? - ANSWER- 10 to 18 months At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an approximate oxygen concentration of up to: - ANSWER-44% Alkalosis is a condition that occurs when: - ANSWER-blood acidity is reduced by excessive breathing. A disease vector is defined as: - ANSWER-any agent that acts as a carrier or transporter in general, injected poisons are impossible to dilute or remove because they: - ANSWER-are usually absorbed quickly into the body.
simultaneously. You find the patient lying supine on the living room floor. He is unconscious and cyanotic. An empty bottle of hydromorphone (Dilaudid) is found on an adjacent table. You should: - ANSWER-open the patient's airway and assess his respirations. A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high- power line. He fell approximately 20 feet and is lying unresponsive on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should: - ANSWER-rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live. A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing vaginal bleeding. During transport, you note that she suddenly becomes diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. You should: - ANSWER-place her in a left lateral recumbent position _________ is what you can see of a person's response to the environment. - ANSWER-Behavior The onset of menstruation usually occurs in women who are: - ANSWER-between 11 and 16 years of age. After receiving online orders from medical control to preform a patient care intervention, you should: - ANSWER-repeat the order to medical control word for word.
In most instances, you should move a patient on a wheeled ambulance stretcher by: - ANSWER- pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot. Because the stinger of a honeybee remains in the wound following a sting: - ANSWER-it ca continue to inject venom for up to 20 minutes. Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include: - ANSWER-cool, clammy skin Functions of the liver include: - ANSWER-secretion of bile and filtration of toxic substances. According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT should be able to: - ANSWER- insert a peripheral intravenous catheter Factors that contribute to a decline in the vital capacity of an elderly patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: - ANSWER-increased surface area available for air exchange As the single EMT managing an apneic patient's airway, the preferred initial method of providing ventilations is the: - ANSWER-mouth-to-mouth mask technique with a one way valve. Febrile seizures: - ANSWER-are usually benign but should be evaluated.
