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The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as: - ANSWER-your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries. Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include: - ANSWER-coughing up blood. Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with: - ANSWER- hematemesis. The systemic veins function by: - ANSWER-returning deoxygenated blood back to the heart. If applying a dressing to control the bleeding of a patient's arm, the EMT should
. - ANSWER-All of these answers are correct. Which of the following statements regarding hemophilia is correct? - ANSWER-Patients with hemophilia may bleed spontaneously.
EMT JB Learning Final Exam with
complete solutions
A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a: - ANSWER- superficial burn. A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n): - ANSWER-contusion. Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because: - ANSWER-pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.
With regard to the pediatric rule of nines, the: - ANSWER-legs are proportionately smaller than an adult's. The lower jawbone is called the: - ANSWER-mandible. The mastoid process is located approximately: - ANSWER- 1 inch posterior to the external opening of the ear. The white portion of the eye is called the: - ANSWER-sclera. Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with: - ANSWER-direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings. If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should: - ANSWER-suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma. The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash-type injuries when the: - ANSWER- headrest is appropriately positioned. The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as: - ANSWER-cavitation.
When a motor vehicle strikes a tree while traveling at 40 mph, the unrestrained occupant: - ANSWER-remains in motion until acted upon by an external force. When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an air bag that did not deploy upon impact, you should: - ANSWER-remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you. Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash? - ANSWER-Deformed steering wheel
Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by: - ANSWER- applying local direct pressure. Which of the following occurs after tissues are injured? - ANSWER-Platelets collect at the injury site Which of the following organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion for 2 to 3 hours? - ANSWER-Skeletal muscle A 17-year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation. As your partner is applying oxygen, you perform a rapid assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should: - ANSWER-apply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment. An injury that separates various layers of soft tissue, resulting in complete detachment or a flap of skin, is called a(n): - ANSWER-avulsion. When a person is exposed to a cold environment: - ANSWER-peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin. Which of the following is a severe burn in a 2 - year-old child? - ANSWER-Any full- thickness burn, regardless of its location on the body Which of the following statements regarding electrical burns is correct? - ANSWER- Entrance wounds are small relative to the amount of internal tissue damage.
Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct? - ANSWER-The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA. A patient who is complaining of seeing flashing lights, specks, or "floaters" in his or her field of vision has MOST likely experienced: - ANSWER-a detached retina.
Significant clues to the possibility of severe injuries in motor vehicle collisions include: - ANSWER-death of a passenger. is inadequate tissue perfusion. - ANSWER-Shock You and your partner respond to a patient who has had his hand nearly severed by a drill press. As you approach, you note that the patient is pale and there appears to be a lot of blood on the floor. The wound continues to bleed copiously. After applying a tourniquet, you write and on a piece of adhesive tape and apply it to the patient's forehead. - ANSWER-the letters "TK"; the exact time applied burns may involve the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, or internal organs. - ANSWER-Full-thickness A(n) occurs when a great amount of force is applied to the body for a long period of time. - ANSWER-crushing injury An open neck injury may result in if enough air is sucked into a blood vessel. - ANSWER-an air embolism The skin regulates temperature in a cold environment by: - ANSWER-constricting the blood vessels. When a patient has a chemical burn to the eye, you should irrigate the eye for at least 5 minutes; however, if the burn was caused by an alkali or strong acid, you should irrigate for: - ANSWER-20 minutes.
Common signs and symptoms of a serious head injury include all of the following, EXCEPT: - ANSWER-a rapid, thready pulse. Hyperextension injuries of the spine are MOST commonly the result of: - ANSWER- hangings.
The is the best-protected part of the CNS and controls the functions of the cardiac and respiratory systems. - ANSWER-brain stem. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that circulates in between each meningeal layer: - ANSWER-acts as a shock absorber for the brain and spinal cord. The hormone responsible for the actions of the sympathetic nervous system is: - ANSWER-epinephrine. The MOST reliable sign of a head injury is: - ANSWER-a decreased level of consciousness. The tough, fibrous outer meningeal layer is called the: - ANSWER-dura mater. When immobilizing a patient on a long backboard, you should: - ANSWER-ensure that you secure the torso before securing the head. When the parasympathetic nervous system is activated: - ANSWER-the heart rate decreases and the blood vessels dilate. Which of the following nerves carry information from the body to the brain via the spinal cord? - ANSWER-Sensory.
Which of the following sets of vital signs depicts Cushing triad? - ANSWER-Blood pressure, 190/110 mm Hg; pulse, 55 beats/min; respirations, 30 breaths/min. Which of the following statements regarding motor nerves is correct? - ANSWER-They carry information from the CNS to the muscles. The nerves control the diaphragm. - ANSWER-Phrenic.
Abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever are most likely due to. - ANSWER- Infection. Compression injury is most likely due to which of the following? - ANSWER-Improperly placed lab belt. When a patient stiffens the muscles of the abdomen, it is known as. - ANSWER-guarding. Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely when injured? - ANSWER-Liver. Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will MOST likely cause: - ANSWER- distention. Bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is MOST suggestive of injury to the: - ANSWER-liver. During your assessment of a patient who experienced blunt trauma to the abdomen, you notice bruising around the umbilicus. This is a sign of: - ANSWER-intra-abdominal bleeding.
Peritonitis usually occurs when: - ANSWER-hollow abdominal organs are damaged and spill their contents into the peritoneal cavity. The presence of tachycardia following a significant abdominal injury: - ANSWER-should be assumed to be a sign of shock. When worn properly, a seatbelt should lie: - ANSWER-below the anterior superior iliac spines of the pelvis and against the hip joints.
What type of muscle contracts and relaxes to control the movement of the contents within its structures? - ANSWER-Smooth. When splinting an injury of the wrist, the hand should be placed: - ANSWER-in a functional position. Which of the following statements regarding striated muscle is correct? - ANSWER-It forms the major muscle mass of the body and usually crosses at least one joint. Which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain? - ANSWER-Skeletal. You and your partner are preparing to apply a traction splint to a patient's deformed thigh. As you apply manual traction, the patient resists your efforts and states that the pain is getting worse. You should: - ANSWER-stop and splint the leg in the deformed position. A fracture is MOST accurately defined as a(n): - ANSWER-break in the continuity of the bone. During your assessment of a 29-year-old female with significant deformity to her left elbow, you are unable to palpate a radial pulse. Your transport time to the hospital is approximately 40 minutes. You should: - ANSWER-apply gentle manual traction in line with the limb and reassess for a pulse.
Skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough, ropelike, fibrous structures called: - ANSWER-tendons. A 17-year-old female dislocated her patella while playing soccer. Her knee is flexed and she complains of severe pain. You should: - ANSWER-keep her knee flexed and secure it with padded board splints. A short backboard or vest-style immobilization device is indicated for patients who: - ANSWER-are in a sitting position and are clinically stable.
