TERM 1
General Characteristics
DEFINITION 1
-regulates metabolic processes - controls rate of chemical
reactions - aids in transport of materials through membranes - help
regulate water & electrolyte balance - plays role in reproduction,
development & growth - involves hormones produced by glands -
system is ductless - nervous 7 endocrine system function as an
interrelated system - Much slower than the nervous system -
Effects last much longer then nervous system
TERM 2
Hormone
DEFINITION 2
- chemical substance synthesized by a specific organ or
tissue & secreted into blood - blood carries it to other sites -
serve as blood borne-messengers - some secreted into
extracellular spaces - area in body where hormone act is the
target cell - these have specific receptors for the hormone
that allows the cell to react with it
TERM 3
Chemistry of general hormones
DEFINITION 3
- organic with very specific structures - very potent as little
as a nano-gram has very profound effects - most are steroid
or steroid-like, derive from cholesterols - can also be
amines/amino acids, peptides, proteins, eicosanoids - never
initiate a process, only alter the rate and which the process
occurs
TERM 4
Chemistry of Steroid Hormones
DEFINITION 4
- made of a rings of H & C - differ from each other by the
groups attached - are lipid soluable: can enter target cells by
going through their cell membrane and go directly to nucleus
to bind to receptors - regulates the expression of DNA -
examples - sex hormones: estrogen & testosterone - adrenal
cortex: aldosterone & cortisol
TERM 5
Non-steroid hormones
DEFINITION 5
- amino acid hormones: derived from more typical amino
acids tyrosine or tryptophan; non-membrane soluble; made
by thyroid & adrenal medulla -peptide hormones: short
chains of amino acids, all of pituitary - eicosanoids: small
molecule with 5-C ring, coordinates functions in extracellular
fluid
