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Epa lead exam questions and answers 2025 1%= ___ppm - โ 10, Allowable amount of lead in dry surface paint wit hxrf - โ 1.0mg/cm Allowed quantity of lead in dry surface paint with paint chip testing - โ 5000ppm = 5% by weight Dust clearance for floors - โ 40 ug/ft Dust clearance window sills - โ 250ug/ft Dust clearance for wells - โ 400 ug/ft Dust clearance for outside concrete - โ 800 ug/ft Clearance for in soil high contact - โ 400 ppm Clearnce for soil in low contact areas - โ 1200 ppm Allowable lead in water - โ 15 ppb or 15mg/l Lead level of concern in kids - โ 5ug/dl Niosh bll of concern - โ 25 ug/dl Osha lead allowable lead level - โ 40 ug/dl Osha medical removal - โ 50ug/dl
Lead % allowed in paint 1978 - โ 0.06% or 600ppm Lead allowed in paint as of 2009 - โ 0.009% or 90ppm Hazardous waste toxic characteristic leaching procedure tclp - โ 5 ppm Tsca title iv, section 402/404 rule directed epa to - โ develop training and certification requirements for lead professionals & indviduals performing risk assessment True or false epa's debris rule advises contractors that lead waste generated during renovation and remodeling of Residential housing is now waived from rcra's rule and can be disposed of as municipal waste
- โ true True or false section 1012/1013 within title x are sections referring to hud rules - โ true Are lead inspections mandatory in pre 1978 housing? - โ no T/f there is no established time frame for abatement of lead based paint in housing. However, all lead-based Paint hazards must be abated from a target house when the project is funded in the amount of $25,000 or more Through hud - โ true T/f the most recent ruling by the cdc is that a child is suffering a health risk at just 5 ug/dl of lead in the Blood but the risk of death can occur from 80 ug/dl or higher. - โ true T/f clearance test are performed by taking xrf readings in any 4 rooms of the house where the abatement or Renovations took place. - โ false
โ true What is title x - โ residential lead hazard reduction act of the community development and housing act of 1992 Hud estimates how many homes contain lead-based paint? - โ 64 million Deteriorated paint - โ any interior or exterior paint that is peeling, chipping, chalking, or cracking, or is located on an interior or exterior surface or fixture that is damaged or deteriorated Accessible surface - โ surface that protrudes from the surrounding area to the extent that a child can chew the surface and is within three feet of the floor or ground Friction surface - โ an interior or exterior surface that is subject to abrasion or friction (certain window, floor, and stair surfaces) Pha - โ public housing authority Iha - โ indian housing authority Phas and ihas must abate - โ lead based paint in pre-1978 family developments equal to or greater than 1.0 mg/cm using xrf, or 0.5% (5000 ppm) using lab methods Deciliter - โ a metric measure of volume equal to one-tenth of a liter. Less than a half cup Blood lead level is the best at what? - โ evaulating lead exposure to the body 1st step in treating lead poisoning - โ remove the person from further exposure Romans used lead for constructing? - โ aqueducts Greeks wrote about roman miners who suffered from -
โ lead poisoning De minimis levels "safe work practices" must be used during stabilization or abatement only when the area of paint being disturbed is greater than: - โ 20 ft2 on exterior, 2ft2 on interior surface, or 10% of a building component surface area Disclousure requirements - โ required for pre 1978 housing for buyer or seller with epa apporved pamphlet and disclosure of lbp or lbp hazards. They have 10 days to then coduct a risk assesment or inspection Safe drinking water act defines lead free plumbing as - โ solders and flux may not contain more than 0.2% lead and pipes, pipe fittings, and well pumps may not contain more than 8.0% lead Alara - โ as low as reasonably achievable Exposure to radiation is affected by 3 important factors - โ time, distance, and shielding Xrf performance characteristics sheet (pcs) - โ provides information necessary to conduct an inspection of lead-based paint using specific xrf instruments. Advantages of xrf testing are - โ speed, cost-efficiency, non-destructiveness Laboratory anaylsis of paint chip samples must be completed by a laboratory recognized: - โ national lead laboratory accrediation program(nllap) Nllap - โ national lead laboratory accreditation program The need for xrf substrate correction depends on - โ specific instrument used, substrate, initial readings leves, and pcs Tort law - โ civil wrong or breach of standard behavior or failure to use reasonable care for which the court orders monetary remedey called damages Contract law - โ relates to situations in which a person breaks or breaches a legally enforcable written contract
Xrf positive classification - โ indicates that lead is present on the testing combination at or above the federal standard of 1.0 mg/cm2. Xrf negative classification - โ indicates that lead is not present on the testing combination at or above the federal standard of 1.0 mg/cm2. Xrf inconclusive classification - โ indicates that the xrf cannot determine with reasonable certainty whether lead is present on the testing combination at or above the federal standard. Multifamily units can have what and still meet the criterion of commonality? - โ different sizes differen floor plans, or different number of bedroom Random sampling of multi units ensures what? - โ insures selection of the units is not influenced by preconceived notions or convenience. Testing combintations in dwelling units, common areas, and exterior sites... - โ cannot be mixed together in a single group Astm - โ american society for testing and materials What is the standard for field collection of dried paint samples for lead samples? - โ astme 1729 What is the standard for prepration of dried field samples for laboratory anaylsis? - โ astm e 1645 Standard for ultrasonic extraction of paint dust, soil and air samples for lead - โ astm e 1979- 98 The standard for evaluating performance of onsite extraction and field portable electochemical spectrophotometric anaylsis for lead - โ astme 1775- 96 What size should a paint sample be? - โ 4 square inches What are the two questions that should be answered by a summary report for an lbp inspection? - โ is the paint lead based Where is it located
After abatement the epa requires what two items to be done in target housing and child occupied facilities? - โ post abatement visual inspection and dust sampling What are the three responsibilities an inspector has to ensure effective cleanup? - โ 1. Visual inspection
- Cleance testing of dust
- Visual examination of soil Where should a visual examination focus? - โ hard to reach areas What happens if a work area fails a visual inspection - โ the contractor must complete hazard controls and/or reclean before dust samples are conducted Loading - โ a measure of total amount of lead present in ug/ft2 surface area Weight concentration - โ measure of the amount of lead contained in dust, expressed in micrograms of lead per gram of dust (ug/g) How is loading measured? - โ wipe sampling or vacuum sampling Why is wipe sampling recommended? (5) - โ 1. Relatively simple and cheap
- Has been correlated with children's blood lead levels in studies
- Current standards are based on wipe sampling
- Vacuum sampling is not standardized
- It is not possible to identify dust hazards directly using vacuum sampling. Standard for wipe sampling protocol - โ astme 1728 Standard for specifications for wipe sampling material - โ astm-e 1792-96a Requirements for size of wipe sample - โ at least 0.1ft2 and no more than 2 ft What must inspectors document when wipe sampling? -
Level of confidence that no more than 5% or 50 of the residential dwellings in the randomly sampled population Exceed the appropriate clearance levels Final dust wi[e sample is reported in what? - โ ug/ft If postabatement soil samples are collected then - โ preabatement soil samples should also be collected How many soil samples should be collected for one composite sample? - โ 3 - 10 How deep should you go when soil sampling - โ top half inch How does an inspector choose sampling locations? - โ based on the their professional judement of contact areas Who does not recommend the use of lead spot test kits? - โ epa and hud Where should statement of federal disclosure requirements be located on the report? - โ summary page of the report How long should an inspection report be kept? - โ epa requires 3 years What else do we need to know for a risk assessment besides lead paint concentration? - โ condition of paint, various exposure pathways, likely sources of exposure, future plans for dwelling Bypass hazard identification - โ determine if all lead-based paint hazards have been controlled after the work has been completed When are re-evaluations needed? - โ when dwellings have lead based paint that remains or suspected to remain even if condition is nonhazardous 7 steps hud risk assessment process - โ 1. Determine appropriate evaulation process
- Obtain background information
- Schedule evaulation
- Conduct evaulation
- Determine actual & future hazards
- Provide guidance
- Produce a written report What are the four purposes of title? - โ 1. Eliminate lbp hazards
- Implment lbp hazard reduction program
- Establish workable framework, infastructure, and stards for lbp hazard eval
- Reduce threat of childhood lead poisoning How does an elevated blood lead level investigation differ from a risk assessment? - โ in purpose, scope, and consequences What six factors should a risk assesor review with an owner that will affect what kind of evaluation is provided? - โ 1. Legal/insurance requirement
- Property disposition
- Liability issues
- Preventative measures for children at risk
- Preventative measures prior to renovating or remodeling
- Response to child with ebl Visual examination steps (5) - โ 1. Conduct initial walkthrough; 2. Assess paint condition; 3. Identify exterior problems; 4. Identify areas of bare soil; 5. Identify interior problems Fair paint condition - โ exterior less than or equal to 10 ft Interior less than or equal to 2 ft Small surface components less than or equal to 10% total surface area damaged Poor paint condition - โ more than 10 ft More than 2 ft More than 10% total surface area Surface coat failure - โ top layer of paint is flaking, peeling, or otherwise detaching from layers below Multi-coat failure - โ several of the top layers of paint or other coatings are delaminating from layers below Paint abrasion -
Tds stands for - โ time, distance, shielding Math for substrate correction - โ get six locations divide by six and subtract standard (1.0), the result is the correction amount needed For pre- 1960 homes how many units are needed & what percentage will you multiply to not use a chart? - โ over 1040 and multiply by 5.8% 0. For 1960-1977 homes how many units are needed and what percentage will you use to not use chart? - โ 1000 or more and multiply by 0.029 2.9% When do you need to use the chart? - โ less than 1040 for pre 1960 and less than 1000 units for 1960- 1977 What is considered a child occupied space? - โ if a child spends over 3 hours there three times a week What elements are used in an xrf? - โ cadmium 57 and cobalt 109 When does an xrf need to be calibrated? - โ at the half life of the elements Cobalt57 half life - โ 9 months Cadmium 109 - โ 9 months When do you need to check calibration for an xrf? - โ at beginning, end and every four hours during an inspection What needs to be done every 6 months with the xrf? - โ leak test done by radiation safety officer Minumum tests for window - โ 1 at least For paint chip sampling what ppe should you have? - โ respiratory protection with combination filter p100 and vapors
Sodium sulfide turns what color when combined with lead? - โ black 2000 units built in 1955 - โ 2000*0.058= In order to use the chart what do you need? - โ age and total number of units assuming all have same paint history and mainentace Occurance insurance - โ covers you before or after your policy is over if it happened when you had the policy. Claims insurance - โ only covers you if your coverage is current Errors and omissions insurance - โ insurance which financially protects an architect against claims for damages resulting from professional negligence. Also called professional liability insurance. Multi dwelling - โ 10 or more units Lead allowed in consumer products - โ 0.01% or 100 ppm The number of blank needed - โ 1 per unit or per site 5000 ppm = - โ 0.5% Tsca title iv, section 402/404 rule directed epa to; - โ lead certification requirements In a risk assessment screen what standard are used? - โ half of the orginal What is not a friction surface - โ a wall Pre 1960's 20 or less units how many are inspected - โ all inspected
