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Download exam 1 | C_S_D 3220 - Speech Acoustics and more Quizzes Speech-Language Pathology in PDF only on Docsity!
Acoustics
study of sound and sound wavesAverage person would think
of the acoustics in a room or of music.
TERM 2
Who else besides SLPs can find syllable
stress?
DEFINITION 2
a person with speech impairment or someone with musical
history
TERM 3
3 parts of speech acoustics
DEFINITION 3
-Frequency (Hz) aka pitch-Intensity (dB) aka amplitude or
volume-time (when sound occurs)
TERM 4
Infrasounds
DEFINITION 4
below human hearing
TERM 5
sonic range
DEFINITION 5
within human hearing range
ultra
sonic
above human hearing
TERM 7
other animal hearing ranges
DEFINITION 7
15-50,000 Hz
TERM 8
Human hearing range
DEFINITION 8
20-20,000 Hz
TERM 9
cat hearing range
DEFINITION 9
60-65,000 Hz
TERM 10
dolphin hearing range
DEFINITION 10
150-150,000 Hz
content words
are...
stressed (ex: adj. & nouns)-time between stressed words are
the same
TERM 17
structure words are..
DEFINITION 17
NOT stressed (det., pronounds, conjunctions)
TERM 18
people w/ hearing probs or lang. difficulties
focus on...?
DEFINITION 18
content words
TERM 19
contrastive stress
DEFINITION 19
when trying to correct someone by stressing on what (word)
is wrong or mistaken ex: the high content word we want to
get across
TERM 20
example of contrastive stress
DEFINITION 20
Did she buy a red car?No, a blue carShe bought a red car?No
she bought a BLUE car
sentence-level stress is...
variable
TERM 22
Pitch variation
DEFINITION 22
in each phrase (tone unit) the stressed syllable is usually on
the high-content word near the end of a tone unit=is tied to
meaning
TERM 23
grammar &
intonatoin
DEFINITION 23
we say statements in normal tonesAll Q's have a high pitch
at the end of the phrase
TERM 24
intonation &
attitude
DEFINITION 24
intonation changes when youre bored, excited, surprised
TERM 25
people talk on...
DEFINITION 25
about 4 tones
Communication feature: broadcast
transmission
can be heard and understood by anyperceiverwithin hearing
range
TERM 32
Communication feature: Rapid
fading
DEFINITION 32
auditory is transitory, doesnt last, not permanent
TERM 33
Communication feature:
Interchangeability
DEFINITION 33
users of a language can say anything they can understand
TERM 34
Communication feature: Total
feedback
DEFINITION 34
a person can think about what they hear or say
TERM 35
Communication feature:
Specialization
DEFINITION 35
lang.s function is to convey meaning
Communication feature:
Semanticity
signal conveys meaning by its association with objects/
places/ people/events
TERM 37
Communication feature:
Arbitrariness
DEFINITION 37
speech has no direct relationship to the object/person that it
is associated with
TERM 38
Communication feature:
Discreteness
DEFINITION 38
speech signals can be distinguished between eachother
TERM 39
Communication feature:
Displacement
DEFINITION 39
we can talk about things that are not present in time or
space
TERM 40
Communication feature:
Productivity
DEFINITION 40
speech sounds have unlimited combinations
resistance
relates flow and pressure
TERM 47
Respiratory Subsystem
DEFINITION 47
made up of the trachea, lungs, rib cage and muscles of the
chest wall-primary function= breathing-secondary function =
producing speech
TERM 48 DEFINITION 48
ohms law relationship
TERM 49
Producing speech
DEFINITION 49
valving air pressure from lungsvocal folds are the valveIf not
folds then air would be immediately releasedEx: balloon
squeeling
TERM 50
Res. System aka Air Pump
DEFINITION 50
it provides aerodynamic energy for speech system-when you
inspire the larynx adjusts the resistance to release air
through the vocal tract
Expired air
=expired airspeech isinterruptedin inspiration
TERM 52
Our speech pattern
DEFINITION 52
quick inspiration, slow expiration*vocal folds (valve) resist air
from escaping fast from the trachea
TERM 53
Breath groups
DEFINITION 53
a group of words or syllables produced on a single breath
TERM 54
Laryngeal
subsystem
DEFINITION 54
made up of cartilage and muscle*most impt = vocal folds
TERM 55
adduct
DEFINITION 55
coming together
when we whisper...
-glottis is open letting air through freely, not using laryngeal
system-only using articulatory system-all vowels/consonants
are UNvoiced
TERM 62
Articulatory system
DEFINITION 62
larynx--> nose-tongue, lips, jaw, velum
TERM 63
changing the shape of the articulators
changes...
DEFINITION 63
changed the way the sound resonates (is produced)
TERM 64
changing the vocal tract shape
changes...
DEFINITION 64
changed the resonating frequencies
TERM 65
when considering acoustics
DEFINITION 65
you can look at the physiology = anatomyor the perception
The acoustic signal of speech is
the...
PHYSICAL EVENT that is transmitted in
thetelecommunicationsor is recorded on magnetic tape,
laser disc, ect
TERM 67
Recording
DEFINITION 67
takes the physical event and turns it into an electrical event
TERM 68
we cannot store the physical event but we
can..
DEFINITION 68
store the electrical event
TERM 69
Frequency (Hz)
DEFINITION 69
the number of cycles per second
TERM 70
the tighter the waves are together...
DEFINITION 70
the higher the pitch
Sound heard...by mic
mic takes the pressure variations in the air and turns them
into electrical energy
TERM 77
Transducer
DEFINITION 77
an element that converts one type of energy into anotherEx:
acoustic energy to electrical energy
TERM 78
analog signal
DEFINITION 78
recorded on audiotape
TERM 79
stored digital signal
DEFINITION 79
recorded by digital computerturns the acoustic energy into
numbers in order for it to be stored
