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exam 1 nur 151 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS
Who is Florence Nightingale - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Founder of modern nursing What does her theory include?. - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ holistic thinking, health and wellness, she introduced cleanliness and other antiseptic techniques to nursing practices and started nursing education. What is critical thinking in nursing? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Looking at situations objectively Determining pertinent information Recognizing problems or needs Prioritizing those needs Considering various actions and probable outcomes Making informed decisions re: needed interventions based on knowledge, experience, judgment, research Evaluating outcomes
basic principles of Critical Thinking - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Intuition, Reflection, Knowledge, Experience. Scientific method, perseverance identify critical thinking attitudes - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ responsibility, authority, accountability What is Informed Consent? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ It is a process of communication between a patient and physician that results in the patient's authorization or agreement to undergo a specific medical intervention. When is delegation to a CNA or LPN acceptable?
- ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ As long the patient is stable libel - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ a tort consisting of false and malicious publication printed (written) for the purpose of defaming a person's name slander - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ an abusive attack on
poa & to accept or refuse medical treatment HIPAA - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, a federal law protecting the privacy of patient-specific health care information and providing the patient with control over how this information is used and distributed. scope of practice - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ legal description of what a specific health professional may and may not do scope of practice: CNA - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ ... scope of practice: RN - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ ... scope of practice: LPN - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ ... scope of practice: Nursing student - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ ...
What is accreditation? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ a voluntary process a health care organization undertakes to prove they are providing an acceptable standard of practice and quality of care. What is the most frequently used accrediting body?
- ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ The Joint Commission, TJC Difference between medical practice & nursing practice?
- ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Med practice diagnoses the illness and nursing practice diagnoses the reaction to the illness or treatment Purpose of Nursing Process - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ purpose is identification & treatment of client needs in response to illness. Is client centered, goal oriented method of providing care. A systematic, rational approach to panning and providing individualized nursing care which provides a framework for nursing practice. Steps of the Nursing Process - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER
Validate observations and inferences. Consider cultural or ethnic factors. objective data - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Findings with physical assessment, measurable SIGNS of health problems, diagnostic test results. Example? restless, unable to turn, taking vital signs. subjecive data - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ what patient/family tells you. Patient health history, SYMPTOMS of health problems. Pain level, general feelings of symptoms. Purpose of nursing diagnosis - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ 1.identify and label client response to health problems.
- Basis for choosing nursing interventions.
- Defines body of knowledge for which nurse is held accountable. (Differs from medical management, identifies nursing knowledge leading to greater accountability and professional autonomy) What may cause errors in diagnostic statements?
- ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ being judgmental. Using
legally liable terms, using medical terms for diagnosis or etiology. Not collecting enough data from the patient, not clarifying the information with the patient. What is Maslow's hierarchy? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ ABC first, pain Chemical name - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ drug name for chemical composition and molecular structure( 2-p- isobutylphenylpropionic acid) generic name - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Name given by the United States Adopted Name Council (ibuprofen)- non proprietary name trade name, proprietary, brand name - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ indicated that the drug is registered and that its use is restricted to the owner of the drug. legally on record for 17 years. Use of name restricted by the drug's owner (motrin, advil) Appropriate Diagnostic statement - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER
Appropriate Interventions - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Actions performed to measure or achieve client outcomes (resolve NANDA) Based on clinical knowledge and judgment, research based, nurse prescribed, collaborative (physician prescribed and implemented by nurse) made specific to pt, note amount, frequency. Includes observation, treatment, prevention, health promotion. Categories of interventions - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Assessment, therapeutic, educational, referral or health promotion. Prioritizing nursing diagnosis & nursing actions?
- ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Priority ALWAYS ABCs, Pain is next priority. Client driven (what's important to client may differ from nurse's priorities) Maslow's hierarchy - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ 1. PHYSIOLOGICAL- breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, excretion.
- SAFETY-security of body, of employment, of resources, of
morality, of the family, of health, of property.
- LOVE/BELONGING-friendship, family, sexual intimacy
- ESTEEM- self-esteem, confidence, achievement,respect of others, respect by others.
- SELF-ACTUALIZATION- morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, acceptance of facts. Phases of Nursing Processs - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention, evaluation. Routes of drug administration - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Oral, parenteral, topical, nasal, lungs, vaginal, rectal. First pass effect - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Oral Route.Passes through portal circulation before going into bloodstream. Drugs that should never be crushed or broken?
- ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Time released drugs(, enteral type drugs (drugs with special coating)
Excretion - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ How the leftover drug is excreted (kidney) Onset - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ The time it takes for a medication to produce a response Peak - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Time at which a medication reaches its highest effective concentration. (If too high may have toxic effects) Duration - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ The time medication concentration is sufficient to produce therapeutic response Half-Life - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Time for serum drug concentration to be halved. Time for 1/2 of original or remaining amount of drug to be eliminated from the body. Trough - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ The minimum blood serum concentration. Idiosyncratic response - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ An
over or under reaction to a medication, or a peculiar response. Synergisitc - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ The combined effect of two medications. Effect of medications is greater than effect of medications given separately. Bioequivalent - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ 2 medications have the same bio-availability or med has same bio-availability by different routes (example, cipro has the same bio availability by IV or oral route) Pharmacodynamics - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ The study of what the drug does to the body. The drug action (how does the drug work?) Therapeutic effect( What does drug do specific to your client?) Therapeutic effect - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ expected or predictable desired response Side effects - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ predictable, often unavoidable, secondary effect.
PERRLA - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Pupils equal, Round, Reactive to light & accommodation. How to access PERRLA? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Dim lights to dilate pupils. Test accommodation by having pt. focus on distant object causing pupils to dilate. Have them shift gaze to finger 3-4 inches from nose.Test is done to see if pupil constriction is affected by medications, cataraacts, light, inflammation. Landmarks for heart & lung sounds - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Aortic area Pulmonic area, Erb's Poin, Tricuspid, Mitral/Apical Area (A Pig, Eats, Ten, Melons) S1 & S2 - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ S1= first heart sound. The beginning of systole. Produced by closer of mitral and tricuspid valves, coincides with carotid artery pulsation. S2= Second heart sound. The end of systole. Produced by closure of aortic and pulmonic valves. May be split-normal. Where is S1 sound heard at? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER
** โโ Best heard in mitral or apex area. low pitched ad dull (lub) Where is S2 sound heard at? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Heard at the aortic area. higher pitched and shorter (dub) Heard best at base of heart S1 and S2 indicate what? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ The interval between S1 and S1 show if there is a regular rhythm between each sequence of beats. Can indicate dysrhthmia if there is failure or regular intervals. Adventitous breath sounds? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Abnormal breath sounds in addition to underlying breath sounds (superimposed). Crackles (alveoli popping open) heard in COPD, pneumonia, CHF. Wheezes (due to narrow airways) high pitched sounds like squeaks. Gurgles/Rhonchi (cleared by coughing) low-pitched, course, loud. Heard during expiration. Bell of stethoscope - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Heard for low and medium pitched sounds and murmurs. Bell used to hear
How to assess circulation to the extremities? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ assess color, temperature, cap refill. What symptoms cause concern when assessing circulation to the extremities? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ swelling, tenderness, redness, warmth of lower extremties, symptoms of DVT, What symptoms require immediate intervention when acessessing circulation to the extremities? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ ... How do you assess for anemia, pallor, jaundice?
- ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ by inspecting and palpating the skin and mucous membranes. eyes for jaundice. How to assess for anemia, pallor, jaundice for someone with darker skin? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ through the eyes. other abnormal assessment findings? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED
ANSWER ** โโ Splinting of respirations due to pain. Pain, fever, or anxiety causing an increased breathing. Symptoms of hypoxia, Cool and clammy skin, How to access circulation to the extremities? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ Inspect extremities.. assess color, temperature, cap refill. Skin cool & clammy - due to shunting O2 to core, Cyanosis (bluish discoloration of nailbeds, oral mucosa, conjunctiva) clubbing - sx of chronic pulmonary disease, hypoxia cap refill should be <3 sec. where to auscultate the Aortic area? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ 2nd Intercostal Space, Right Sternal Border where to ausculate the pulmonic area? - ...,. ๐น VERIFIED ANSWER ** โโ 2nd intercostal space, Left sternal border. Erb's Point or secondary pulmonary ausculatation?
