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Class: BIOL - Anatomy & Physiology; Subject: Biology / Biological Sciences; University: Ashland University; Term: Forever 1989;
Typology: Quizzes
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Anatomy is a branch of biology and medicine that considers the structure of living things. TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 SurfaceRegionalSystem TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 CytologyHistology TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 Cytology means "the study of cells". TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 Histology is the study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals.
Physiological mechanisms can only be explained in terms of the underlying anatomy TERM 7
DEFINITION 7 a. Humanb. Cellc. Systemd. Speciale. Pathological physiology (effectdisease has on function) TERM 8
DEFINITION 8 Its like an address TERM 9
DEFINITION 9 Proton Neutrons Electrons The atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a dense central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. TERM 10
DEFINITION 10 A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent chemical bonds.
EpithelialConnectiveMuscularNervous TERM 17
DEFINITION 17 Structures with two or more types of tissue that performs a specific function TERM 18
DEFINITION 18 A group of organs that worktogetherto accomplish a common purpose TERM 19
DEFINITION 19 Made up of organ systems, highest level of structural organization TERM 20
DEFINITION 20 The integumentary system is the organ system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its appendages. Function= Protects, excretes, protection, contains
The skeleton is the body part that forms the supporting structure of an organism. Function= Supports, protects, provides frame work for muscles, hematopoieses, storage ofcalcium TERM 22
DEFINITION 22 Movement, and regulates body temp. TERM 23
DEFINITION 23 Skeletal=voluntarySmooth= lines hollow organs involuntaryCardiac= involuntary TERM 24
DEFINITION 24 Fast acting control system, brain, spinal cord, nervous receptors.Impulses TERM 25
DEFINITION 25 Slow actin control system9 glandsThe endocrine system is the system of glands, each of which secretes different types of hormone directly into the bloodstream to regulate the body. Gonads,pituitary,pancreatic,adrenalin
Reproduction is the biological process by which new "offspring" individual organisms are produced from their "parents". Consistsof gonads andHaploidcells TERM 32
DEFINITION 32 All are made up of cells, separation of internal and externalResponsiveness- monitor and respond.Growth, reproduction, conductivity, movement, secretion, respiration, digestion, absorption, circulation, assimilation, excretion TERM 33
DEFINITION 33 The structures and functions of body parts are directed toward maintaining the life of the organism. TERM 34
DEFINITION 34 Metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that happen in the cells of living organisms to sustain life. Equals Catabolic reactions + Anabolic reactions TERM 35
DEFINITION 35 Are reactions where larger molecules are broken down into smaller units
Are when smaller molecules are synthesized to form larger more complex molecules. TERM 37
DEFINITION 37 Homeostasis is the property of a system that regulates its internal environment and tends to maintain a stable, relatively constant condition of properties such as temperature or pH. If an organism is to survive the conditions within the body must remain stable.Metabolic activities are largely directed toward maintaining homeostasis TERM 38
DEFINITION 38 Opposite of stimuli, if our body gets hot it will try to cool itself down TERM 39
DEFINITION 39 The effector's response reinforces the stimulus, like in the release of oxytocin during labor and the clotting of blood TERM 40
DEFINITION 40 Negative feedback, immune response
Hollow area of Organs TERM 47
DEFINITION 47 Widest part of Organ TERM 48
DEFINITION 48 Narrow tip of organ (point) TERM 49
DEFINITION 49 Region within an organ TERM 50
DEFINITION 50 Outer
Frontal - front to backSagittal- side to sideTransverse- top to bottom TERM 52
DEFINITION 52 CranialVertebral/ spinalThoracicAbdominalPelvic TERM 53
DEFINITION 53 PericardialPleuralPeritoneal TERM 54
DEFINITION 54 Smallest unit of matterConsist of Protons Neutrons, and electronsAtomic Number = number of protonsProtons- Positive charge, equals one atomic massElectron- Negative charge, no weightNeutron- No Charge, one atomic mass unitAtomic weight = number of proton's + number of NeutronsIsotopes- are elements that vary in number of neutrons but have the same number of protons. Note they are named the same thing but atomic weight will change. TERM 55
DEFINITION 55 refers to the sum of all the chemical reactions in the body- there reactions release, store and use energy to maintain homeostasis.Influenced by 1 Temp, 2 concentration, 3 particle size, 4 catalysts
PolymersCarbohydratesLipidsProteinsNucleic AcidHigh energy compounds TERM 62
DEFINITION 62 A polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating structural units. These sub-units are typically connected by covalent chemical bonds. TERM 63
DEFINITION 63 A carbohydrate is an organic compound that consists only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1; in other words, with the empirical formula. TERM 64
DEFINITION 64 Monosaccharides are the most basic units of biologically important carbohydrates. Simple sugars TERM 65
DEFINITION 65 Two simple sugars combine,example. Sucrose
Polysaccharides are long carbohydrate molecules of repeated monomer units joined together by glycosidic bonds. TERM 67
DEFINITION 67 lubrication and cushioningNon-Dietary TERM 68
DEFINITION 68 contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but haverelativelyless oxygen compared to carbohydrates. Basic Building blocks are clycerol and fatty acids TERM 69
DEFINITION 69 Structural, Globular, and Enzymesdifferent kinds of proteins vary in the number and kinds of amino acids TERM 70
DEFINITION 70 Enzymes are biological molecules that catalyze (i.e., increase the rates of) chemical reactions.
Stores information that tells the cells how to build specific proteins TERM 77
DEFINITION 77 AdenineGuanineCytosineThymine -> Uracil ( in RNA) TERM 78
DEFINITION 78 ATP <--> ADP +P^+There is a tremendous amount of energy in the bond between the phosphate groups TERM 79
DEFINITION 79 Branch off of a protein molecule TERM 80
DEFINITION 80 Ion's don not diffuse freely. Electrical Potential ranges from - 50 ~-100 millivoltsIf the inside of a cell is negative compared to the outside it is considered PolarizedPotassium ion's are the maincontributorIon movementdeterminescharge
Are always moving around TERM 82
DEFINITION 82 Nervemuscleepithelialcartilagebonefatbloodovum/sperm TERM 83
DEFINITION 83 PotassiumSodiumIron TERM 84
DEFINITION 84 Moves large groups of molecules TERM 85
DEFINITION 85 Movement of water and materials across a membrane from higherhydro-static pressure to a lower
Normal cell activities, cell is doing its job TERM 92
DEFINITION 92 ChemicalPhysicalNeurological TERM 93
DEFINITION 93 Tonicity is a measure of the osmotic pressure gradient of two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane. Hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic TERM 94
DEFINITION 94 when osmotic pressure equals hydro-static pressure TERM 95
DEFINITION 95 Tendency of water to move into a more concentrated solution
Pressure of fluids in a system TERM 97
DEFINITION 97 All the soluteparticlesin water TERM 98
DEFINITION 98 Allow water to move freely TERM 99
DEFINITION 99 Diffusion of Water TERM 100
DEFINITION 100 Does not require energy, goes with the concentration gradient
