Download Exam 1 | PSYC - Psychology of Personality and more Quizzes Personality Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!
What type of therapy is Sigmund Freud known
for?
Psychodynamic Personality Theory and Psychoanalysis - Psychotherapy TERM 2
What was Sigmund Freud trained as?
DEFINITION 2 A Neurologist TERM 3
What is Libido?
DEFINITION 3 Life energy; sexual energy, gives rise to life instinct TERM 4
Freud's Theory of the Mind What is the
Preconscious?
DEFINITION 4
- Memories and stored knowledge - You can become aware of these things if you want to TERM 5
Freud's Theory of the Mind What is the
Conscious?
DEFINITION 5
- You are in touch with what's going on around you - Thoughts and perceptions
Freud's Theory of the Mind What is the
Unconscious?
- This is the most deeply submerged part of the mind - Fears, violent motives, immoral urges, selfish needs, irrational wishes, shameful experiences, unacceptable sexual desires - All of these things can cause anxiety and distress - We don't have ready access to what is in the unconscious TERM 7
Freud's Theory of the Mind What is the Ego?
DEFINITION 7
- Reality Principle - Secondary Process Theory - Age 2- TERM 8
Freud's Theory of the Mind What is the Id?
DEFINITION 8
- Pleasure Principle - Primary Process Thinking - We are born with it TERM 9
Freud's Theory of the Mind What is the
Superego?
DEFINITION 9
- Moral Imperatives - Values - Ages 4- TERM 10
Sigmund and Anna Freud What is Reality
(Objective) Anxiety?
DEFINITION 10
- There is something that you can recognize that causes anxiety - Threat of danger in the real world
What is Suppression Rebound?
- When you actively try to forget about something and it just comes rushing back TERM 17
What is Projection?
DEFINITION 17
- When you accuse others - Angry - Hostile - Makes the person feel less anxious TERM 18
What is Intellectualization?
DEFINITION 18
- Energy is focused cognitively, so there is no energy left to feel distressed, therefore we feel less anxious TERM 19
****** What is
Displacement?
DEFINITION 19
- We take our anger out on something less threatening than the actual thing that is causing the distress TERM 20
****** What is Sublimination?
DEFINITION 20
- Focus anxiety onto acceptable things in society - This is the healthiest Defense Mechanism - We spend much of our time Subliminating
What is Rationalization?
- Making excuses for our anxiety TERM 22
When does most Psychological Development
take place?
DEFINITION 22
- It normally takes place from Birth to age 7 TERM 23
What stage is the Id and when does it take
place?
DEFINITION 23
- The Id is also known as the Oral Stage - It takes place from Birth to age 1 - This normally involves breast feeding and concentration on the mouth - Children normally like to put things in their mouthes TERM 24
What stage is the Ego and when does it take
place?
DEFINITION 24
- The Ego is also known as the Anal Stage - It takes place from ages 2 - 3 - This normally involves toilet training and learning the social rules - They learn that it is not acceptable to go to the bathroom in their pants, instead they learn that they are supposed to use the bathroom TERM 25
What stage is the Superego and when does it
take place?
DEFINITION 25
- The Superego is also known as the Phallic Stage - It takes place from ages 4 - 7 - This normally involves children coming to understand that boys and girls are different - Self - discovery
How can you change your Personality?
- By using Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Method TERM 32
What is the Transference Reaction?
DEFINITION 32
- This is when the patient treats the therapist as if they were someone from their past TERM 33
What is Countertransference?
DEFINITION 33
- This is when the therapist treats the patient like they are someone from their past - This is BAD TERM 34
What is the goal of Free
Association?
DEFINITION 34
- To make the patient feel relaxed and less anxious - "Tell me whatever comes to mind" TERM 35
What is Dream Analysis?
DEFINITION 35
- This is manifest content - What does the dream mean?
What is Catharsis?
- Expressing emotions TERM 37
What type of therapy is Carl Jung known
for?
DEFINITION 37
- He is known for Analytical Psychology TERM 38
What are the 4 disagreements that he had
with Sigmund Freud?
DEFINITION 38 (1) The importance of early psychosexual development (birth
- 7 years) (2) Experiences throughout the lifespan are important (3) Inclined toward growth and creativity (4) Causality and Teleology TERM 39
What is Causality?
DEFINITION 39
- It is the personality traits that we inherit from our ancestors that are important for survival TERM 40
What is Teleology?
DEFINITION 40
- It is looking forward into the future
Carl Jung What are Complexes?
- They are the major structures in the personal unconscious TERM 47
Carl Jung What is a Nucleus?
DEFINITION 47
- It attracts to its various experiences, like a magnet - Constellating power TERM 48
Carl Jung What is the Collective
Unconscious?
DEFINITION 48
- It is the same for all humans - Latent memory traces (potentialities) - Emotions, Expression, Language, Concepts, and Symbols TERM 49
Carl Jung The Collective Unconscious is also
known as _______
DEFINITION 49
Carl Jung What are Archetypes?
DEFINITION 50
- a universal thought form (idea) that contains a large element of emotion
Archtypes Anima and Animus
- Anima is for a girl - Animus is for a boy - Benefits of androgyny - Males and Females understanding each other - Being in touch with both masculine and feminine qualities TERM 52
Archetypes What is a Shadow?
DEFINITION 52
- Aggressive impulses - Hostile - Angry - Getting in touch with your shadow TERM 53
Archetypes What is the Hero Archetype?
DEFINITION 53
- This is when children look up to people, role models, and even superheroes TERM 54
Archetypes What is the Wise Old Man
Archetype?
DEFINITION 54
- This is when children interact with their grandparents because they are wise and have many stories to tell TERM 55
Archetypes What is the Self - Archetype?
DEFINITION 55
- Everyone has the same archetypes - They are stamped into your psyche - Self - Realization; Coincidence of Opposites - Opposite forces come together
Principle of Compensation What also
determines this?
- Dreams also serve as compensation TERM 62
What is the Myers-Briggs Indicator?
DEFINITION 62
- It assesses Jung's personality orientations and psychological functions - Extroversion - - - Introversion - Thinking - - - Feeling - Sensing - - - Intuition - Judgment - - - Perception TERM 63
What test did Jung develop?
DEFINITION 63
- The Word Association Test TERM 64
Jungian Psychotherapy What is Active
Imagination?
DEFINITION 64
- It facilitates self - understanding through work with symbols (Ex. Painting, Sculpting, Art Therapy) - Engage in the unconscious in a dialogue with the Ego TERM 65
Jungian Psychotherapy What is Conscious
Imagery and Role Playing?
DEFINITION 65
- A male imagining the repression of his anima
Jungian Psychotherapy What is Amplification?
- Focus repeatedly on actual dream content - Often draw on myths and fairy tales to explore archetypal content TERM 67
What kind of Psychology is Alfred Adler known
for?
DEFINITION 67
- He is known for Individual Psychology TERM 68
What are Adler's 4 Disagreements with
Freud's focus on psychosexual development?
DEFINITION 68
- Social Urges / Social Interests - Creative Self - pursues the goal of the individual. Motivates psychological growth - Emphasized uniqueness of personality - Emphasized consciousness. Humans are ordinarily aware of their motives TERM 69
Alfred Adler What is the "ego-oriented"
approach?
DEFINITION 69
- It is a teleological approach - Strivings and goals affect our present behavior TERM 70
Alfred Adler What are the 3 Ultimate Fictional
Finalisms?
DEFINITION 70 (1) Strive to be Aggressive (still close to Freud's ideas) (2) Strive to be powerful (masculine protest) - These kinds of behaviors can be confrontational or aggressive - Try to reassert influence (3) Strive to be Superior (better than we were before) - Striving for Superiority is innate - Motivated by feelings of inferiority
Birth Order Differences What are some
characteristics of the Middle child?
- Competitive - Ambitious - Achievement Oriented - Mediator TERM 77
What is an example of the correlation
between Birth Order and Achievement?
DEFINITION 77
- The rise and fall of the SAT's in the United States is highly correlated with birth order - the higher SAT scores occur in years when there is a larger proportion of First Borns in the population of test takers TERM 78
What is Collective
Potentiation?
DEFINITION 78
- This is the presence of a large proportion of First Borns in a cohort (the more "advanced" students) would result in higher academic standards for the rest of the cohort, which would result in the ENTIRE cohort (earlier borns and later borns) performing better in standardized tests - If a teacher was told that a certain group of children were smarter than others, the "smarter" children would be treated differently. It may not be done on purpose, but at the end of te year, the "smarter" children would have showed the most improvement compared with the children who the teachers were told were not as smart.
