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Exam 2: NUR 242 (Latest 2025/ 2026) Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Review, Galen, Exams of Nursing

Moraine Valley Community CollegeNursing

Exam 2: NUR 242 (Latest 2025/ 2026) Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Review, Galen NUR 242 exam review medical-surgical nursing questions Galen nursing exam answers 2025 nursing exam resources 2026 medical-surgical study guide nursing exam questions and answers NUR 242 correct answers Galen NUR exam materials online nursing exam review medical-surgical nursing 100% correct NUR 242 study guide nursing exam preparation 2025 best medical-surgical exam tips Galen nursing test help NUR 242 exam preparation 2026 nursing test review medical-surgical test resources accurate nursing exam answers NUR 242 review materials Galen medical-surgical practice questions reliable nursing exam content 2025 nursing test strategies NUR 242 exam study online Galen exam questions 2026 comprehensive medical-surgical review nursing test answers 100% correct NUR 242 exam guide 2025

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Available from 03/05/2025

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Exam 2: NUR 242 (Latest 2025/ 2026) Medical-Surgical Nursing
Exam Review, Questions and Correct Answers 100% Correct- Galen
1. Glomerulonephritisvwhatvwillvyouvseevinvthevurinalysis?:vProteinvinvthevurine
2. Thevnursevisvassignedvtov4vclientsvonvavmedvsurgvfloor.vWhichvofvthevfollowingvclientsvshouldvt
hevnursevdeterminevisvatvthevgreatestvriskvforvdevelopingvhypercalcemia?:vClientvwithvhyper
parathyroidism
3. Thevnursevisvmonitoringvfluidvvolumevstatusvofvthevclientvwhovhasvheartvfail-
vurevandvisvatvriskvforvclinicalvdehydration.vWhichvofvthevfollowingvinterventionsvisvthevmostvef
fectivevforvmonitoringvthisvclient?:vweighvthevclientveveryvmorningvbeforevbreakfast
4. Thevnursevisvcaringvforvavclientvwhovisvreceivingvprescribedv0.9%vsodiumvchloridevorvnor
malvsalinevIVvatvavratevofv200ml/hr.vforvtreatmentvofvdehy-
vdration.Whichvofvthevfollowingvfindingsvrequiresvimmediatevfollow-
upvbyvthevnurse?:vdistendedvneckvveinsvwhenvthevpatientvisvinvsemi-fowlersvposition.
5. kidneyvultrasoundvteaching:vDrinkv500-1000mlvofvwaterv2-
3vhoursvbeforevthevtestvhelpsvfullvthevbladder,vfullvbladdervpriorvtovtest,vdovnotvurinatevtillvafterv
test,
6. Howvdoesvkidneyvultrasoundvwork?:vusesvsoundvwavesvtovproducevimagesvofvthevkidneys,vu
reters,vbladder,vandvsurroundingvtissues
7. Whatvpositionvshouldvavpatientvbevinvduringvavkidneyvultrasound:vpronevpositionvduri
ngvthevkidneyvultrasound
8. Duringvkidneyvultrasoundvwhatvdevicevisvused?:vAvtransducervinvcontactvwithvthevskinvdeliv
ersvsoundvwavesvandvmeasuresvechoesvto
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Download Exam 2: NUR 242 (Latest 2025/ 2026) Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Review, Galen and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

1 v/v Exam 2: NUR 242 (Latest 202 5 / 202 6 ) Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Review, Questions and Correct Answers 100% Correct- Galen

  1. Glomerulonephritisvwhatvwillvyouvseevinvthevurinalysis?:v Proteinvinvthevurine
  2. Thevnursevisvassignedvtov 4 vclientsvonvavmedvsurgvfloor.vWhichvofvthevfollowingvclientsvshouldvt hevnursevdeterminevisvatvthevgreatestvriskvforvdevelopingvhypercalcemia?:v Clientvwithvhyper parathyroidism
  3. Thevnursevisvmonitoringvfluidvvolumevstatusvofvthevclientvwhovhasvheartvfail- vurevandvisvatvriskvforvclinicalvdehydration.vWhichvofvthevfollowingvinterventionsvisvthevmostvef fectivevforvmonitoringvthisvclient?:v weighvthevclientveveryvmorningvbeforevbreakfast
  4. Thevnursevisvcaringvforvavclientvwhovisvreceivingvprescribedv0.9%vsodiumvchloridevorvnor malvsalinevIVvatvavratevofv200ml/hr.vforvtreatmentvofvdehy- vdration.Whichvofvthevfollowingvfindingsvrequiresvimmediatevfollow- upvbyvthevnurse?:v distendedvneckvveinsvwhenvthevpatientvisvinvsemi-fowlersvposition.
  5. kidneyvultrasoundvteaching:v Drinkv 500 - 1000mlvofvwaterv 2 - 3 vhoursvbeforevthevtestvhelpsvfullvthevbladder,vfullvbladdervpriorvtovtest,vdovnotvurinatevtillvafterv test,
  6. Howvdoesvkidneyvultrasoundvwork?:v usesvsoundvwavesvtovproducevimagesvofvthevkidneys,vu reters,vbladder,vandvsurroundingvtissues
  7. Whatvpositionvshouldvavpatientvbevinvduringvavkidneyvultrasound:v pronevpositionvduri ngvthevkidneyvultrasound
  8. Duringvkidneyvultrasoundvwhatvdevicevisvused?:v Avtransducervinvcontactvwithvthevskinvdeliv ersvsoundvwavesvandvmeasuresvechoesvto

2 v/v producevimages

  1. Cystoscopyvandvcystourethroscopy:v arevendoscopicvproceduresvusedvtoveval- vuatevthevbladder,vurethra,vandvlowervportionsvofvthevureters
  2. Kidneyvbiopsyvteaching?:v plateletvcount,vaPTT,vPT,vandvbleedingvtime,varevconductedvbefo revsurgeryvtovassessvthevriskvofvbleeding,vfastvforv 4 vtov 6 vhoursvbeforevthevbiopsy,vstrictvbedrest,vlyi ngvinvavsupinevpositionvwithva backvrollvforvadditionalvsupportvforv 2 vtov 6 vhoursvaftervthevbiopsy
  3. Plateletvcount:v 150,000-400,000/mm
  4. aPTT:v 30 - 40 vseconds
  5. PT:
  6. Bleedingvtime:v 1 - 9 vminutes
  7. cystitis:v inflammationvofvthevbladder
  8. Atherosclerosis:v hardeningvofvthevarteries,vlossvofvelasticityvandvthickeningvofvthevarteryvw all
  9. Typev 1 vDiabetesvs/sv(3vP's):v Onsetvusuallyvyoungervthanv 30 vyearsvold,vAbruptvonset,vthirst,v hunger,vincreasedvurinevoutput,vweightvloss pancreaticvbeta- cellvdestructionvinsulinvdependent

4 v/v atvaboutv 2 vtov 3 vam. Counterregulatoryvhormones,vproducedvtovpreventvfurthervhypoglycemia,vresultvinvhyperglyce miav(evidentvinvthevprebreakfastvbloodvglucosevlevel).vTreatmentvincludesvdecreasingvthevevenin gv(predinnervorvbedtime)vdosevofvintermediatevactingvinsulinvorvincreasingvthevbedtimevsnack.

  1. 3 vS'svthatvraisevbloodvglucose:v stress,vsurgery,vsteroids
  2. Treatmentvofvmildvhypoglycemia:v BSvlessvthenv 70
  • 15gvofvcarbohyrates
  • glucosevtablets
  • 120mlvofvfruitvjuicevorvsoftvdrink
  • 240mlvofvskimvmilk

5 v/v

  • 6 vtov 10 vcandies
  • 4 vcubesvofvsugar
  • 6 vsaltines
  • 3 vgramvcrackers
  • 1 vtbspvofvhoneyvorvsyrup
  1. metformin:v helpvmusclesvutilizevglucosevredu cesvproductionvofvglucosevbyvlivervslowsvcarbvabso rptionvinvintestines
  2. SubQvinjection:v 2 vinchesvawayvforvbellyvbutton
  3. InsulinvStorage:v - vDovnotvheat/freeze
  • Invusevvialsvmayvbevleftvatvroomvtempvupvtov 4 vweeks
  • Extravinsulinvshouldvbevrefrigerated
  • Avoidvexposurevtovdirectvsunlight
  • rollvinsulin
  1. Rapidvactingvinsulin:v lispro,vaspart,vglulisinevonsetv 5 vtov 30 vmin peakv 30 vminvtov 3 vhr durationv 3 vtov 5 vhr givenvwithinv 10 vminutesvofveating
  2. Shortvactingvinsulin:v Regularv(HumulinvR,vNovolinvR)
  3. Shortvactingvinsulin:v Regularv(HumulinvR,vNovolinvR)vclear onsetv 30 - 60 vmin

7 v/v

  1. intermediatevinsulin:v NPH,vHumulinvN,vNovolinvNvcloudy onsetv 1 - 2 vhours peakv 4 - 12 vhours durationv 18 - 24 vhours nevervgivenvIV
  2. Longvactingvinsulin:v glarginev(Lantus)vdetem irv(Levemir) onsetv 1 - 2 vhoursvpeakvnonevd urationv 24 vhours +dovnotvmixvwithvanyvothervinsulin
  3. Rapidvactingvinsulin:v lispro,vaspart,vglulisine
  4. Mixingvinsulinvsteps:v 1.vInjectvairvintovcloudyvinsulinv(intermediate-NPH)
  5. Injectvairvintovclearvinsulinv(short-regular)
  6. Drawvupvclearvinsulin
  7. Drawvupvcloudyvinsulin*cloudy,vclear,vclear,vcloudy youvarevNotvRetired,vyouvarevanvRN
  8. sickvdayvrules:v - monitorvsugarvq4vhours
  • continuevtakevinsulin

8 v/v

  • testvurinevforvketonesvwhenvBSvisvabovev 240
  • preventvdehydrationvdrinkv 8 vtov 12 vozveveryvhour
  • eatvregularvtimes
  • rest reportvtovprovider

10 v/v Flomax-vAlphavblockingvagent;vdecreasesvcontractionsvinvsmoothvmusclevofvprostaticvcapsule Hormones,vnotvusuallyveffective IFvBPHvandvHTN;valphavblockersvdoxazosinv(Cadura)vandvterazosinv(hytrin)

  1. Finasteridev(Proscar):v 5 - alphavreductasevinhibitor
  2. finasteridevsideveffects:v decreasedvlibido;vdecreasedvvolumevofvejaculate;vtes- vticularvpain;vimpotence;vbreastvtendernessvandvenlargement;vangioedema
  3. Treatmentvforvhyperkalemia:v Kayexalate,vcalciumvgluconatev(forvdysrhyth- vmias),vdialysis
  4. HypokalemiavTreatment:v Increasevpotassiumvrichvfoods
  5. Potassiumvrichvfoodsvinclude:v Oranges,vbananas,vdates,vpotatoes,vdriedvfruits,vnuts,vspinac hvandvcitrusvfruits

11 v/v

  1. Calciumvrichvfoodsvinclude:v dairyvproducts,vlentils,vfishvw/vfinevbones,vdriedvfruits,vnuts ,vchocolate,vcocoa,vOvaltine
  2. Sodiumvrichvfoodsvinclude:v bacon,vluncheonvmeats,vcornedvbeef,vdecaffeinat- vedvcoffee,vham,vtomatovjuice,vpickles,vsodavcrackers
  3. Low-sodiumvdiet:v novaddedvsaltvorv 1 vtov 2 vgvofvsodiumvpervday, Patientvshouldvavoidvcannedvorvprocessedvfoods, prescribedvtovpatientsvwhovhavevhighvbloodvpressurevandvheartvdisease
  4. low- proteinvdiet:v Peoplevwhovhavevkidneyvdiseasevmayvalsovbevonvthisvdietvwhichvencouragesvfo odvlikevBreadsvandvpasta
  5. low- proteinvdiet:v reducedvintakevofvprotein;vprescribedvtovthosevwithvlivervandvkidneyvdisease
  6. low-fatvdiet:v Thisvdietvincludes:vFruit,vveggies,vbread,vcereal,vskim/lowvfatvmilk.
  7. Kayexelatevdoesvwhat?:v helpsvgetvridvofvpotassium
  8. Calciumvgluconate:v Antidotevforvmagnesiumvsulfate
  9. Calciumvgluconatevgivenvin:v hyperkalemia
  10. Spironalctonevsideveffects:v Dryvmouth,vthirstvDizzin ess HeadachevGyneco mastiavED Musclevpain/weaknessvP aralysisvofvarmvorvlegvFluvli kevsymptoms

13 v/v ProlongedvimmobilizationvExcessvcal ciumvsupplementation

  1. Hypocalcemiavprecautions:v Seizurevprecautions
  2. Hypocalcemiavsignsvandvsymptoms:v DiarrheavNumbn essvandvtinglingvofvextremities MusclevcrampsvTeta nyvConvulsionsvLaryn gealvspasmsvCardiac virritability PositivevTrousseau'svandvChvostek'svsigns
  3. WhenvcanvyouvfindvpositivevTrousseau'svandvChvostek'svsigns:v hypocal-vcemia
  4. Withvwhatvelectrolytevimbalancevcanevyouvseevkidneyvstones?:v hypocal-vcemia
  5. Fluidvvolumevoverload:vS/S:v increased/boundingvpulse,vperipheralvedema,vHTN,vmuffl edvheartvsounds,vJVD,vlowvspecvgravity,vincreasedvvenousvpressure, decreasedvHct/Hgb/BUN/Na/specificvgravity
  6. HypervolemiavS/S:v DistendedvneckvveinsvBoun dingvpulse Peripheralvedemav&vthirdvspacing Palevcoolvskin,vcentralvvenousvpressurevWetvlungv sounds,vcrackles,vSOB,vwheezingvPolyuria,vincrea sedvpulse,vincreasedvBPvIncreasedvweight
  7. HypovolemiavS/S:v increasedvtemp,vrapid/weakvpulse,vincreasevrespiration,vhy- vpotension,vanxiety.vUrinevspecificvgravityv>1.

14 v/v lowvspecificvgravity

  1. FVDvS/S:v - decreasedvweight,vskinvturgor,vUO,vBP,
  • IncreasedvHR,vrespirations,vurinevsg
  • vasoconstrictionv(coolvextremities,vtinyvneckvveins,)
  1. RiskvforvFluidvVolumevOverload:v Kidneyvdiseasev(CKD,vLivervdisease,vPneu- vmoniavpatients,vhepaticvcirrhosis,vCHF
  2. metabolicvacidosisvcauses:v (1)vdiabeticvketoacidosis,v(2)vstarvation,vorv(3)vshock,vres ultingvinvlacticvacidosis.
  • Abnormalvlossvofvalkalinevsubstances.vThisvmayvbevcausedvbyvdeep,vprolonged

16 v/v

  1. aerobicvexercise:v Walkingvbriskly.vDoin gvhousework. Mowingvthevlawn. Dancing. Swimming. Bicycling.
  2. polycysticvkidneyvdiseasev(PKD):v inheritedvdiseasevinvwhichvsacsvofvfluidvcalledvcysts vdevelopvinvthevkidneys
  3. TreatmentvforvPKD:v dialysis,vkidneyvtransplant,vIVvfluids,vToradolvforvpain
  4. Low-proteinvdietvfor:v PKDvpatients
  5. sodiumvrestrictedvdiet:v - vSodiumvlimitvmayvbevsetvatv 500 - 3000 vmg/day
  • Hypertension,vheartvfailure,vacutev+vchronicvrenalvdisease,vlivervdisease

17 v/v

  1. sodiumvrestrictedvdiet:v PKDvpatients
  2. NovaspirinvnovNSAIDsvfor:v PKDvPatietns
  3. PKDvs/s:v abdominalvgrowth,vconstantvheadache,vandvhypertension
  4. KidneyvTraumavs/s:v Hematuria.vAbdominalvorvflankvpain.vOliguriavorvanuria.vFlankvswelli ng,vbruising,vorvtenderness.vTurnersvsign.vMonitorvforvsignsvofvshock,vhypertension,vtachycar dia,vcool,vpalevskin,valteredvLOC.
  5. Turner'svsign:v Flank--greyishvblue.v(turnvaroundvtovseevyourvflanks)vSeenvwithvpancreatitis
  6. WhenvwillvyouvseevRBC'svinvthevurine?:v kidneyvtrauma
  7. Cullen'svsign:v ecchymosisvinvumbilicalvarea,vseenvwithvpancreatitis
  8. Nephrostomy:v thevplacementvofvavcathetervtovmaintainvanvopeningvfromvthevpelvisvofvo nevorvbothvkidneysvtovthevexteriorvofvthevbody
  9. Sildenafilv(Viagra):v s/s:vheadache,vheartburn,vdiarrhea,vflushing,vnosebleeds,vparathesi as,vchangesvinvcolorvvision Contradictedvinvclientsvtakingvnitrates,vanticoags,vantivHTN
  10. BPH:v strainingvtovurinate