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Organic Chemistry: Carboxylic Acids, Nitriles, and Derivatives, Summaries of Chemistry

Lehigh University (LU)Chemistry

A comprehensive review of chapter 19 and 20 in chm 112, focusing on carboxylic acids and nitriles, their preparation, acidities, reactions, and derivatives such as lactones, lactams, acyl chlorides, anhydrides, and amides. The review covers mechanisms of esterification, hydrolysis, acyl substitution, and other relevant reactions.

Typology: Summaries

2023/2024

Uploaded on 04/12/2024

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Exam 3 Review
CHM 112
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Exam 3 Review

CHM 112

Ch.19: Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles

  • (^) Carboxylic acid preparation
  • (^) Carboxylic acid acidities
  • (^) Nitriles

Deprotonation of COOH

COOH Acidities

  • (^) Electron DONATING groups decrease acidity
  • (^) Electron WITHDRAWING groups increase acidity

Ch.19 Mechanisms

  • (^) Esterification
  • (^) Ester formation with diazomethane
  • (^) Hydrolysis of nitriles
    • (^) Acid catalyzed
    • (^) Base catalyzed

Fischer Esterification

Hydrolysis of Nitriles- Acid Catalyzed

Hydrolysis of Nitriles- Base

Catalyzed

Lactones and Lactams

Reactivity/ LG Abilities

Anhydride Reactions

Reactions with Esters

Ch.20 Mechanisms

  • (^) Acyl Substitution
  • (^) Carboxylic acids and SOCl 2

Acyl Substitution