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Exam 3 with Answer Key for Principles of Chemistry I | CHM 211, Exams of Chemistry

Material Type: Exam; Professor: Castellani; Class: Principles of Chemistry I; Subject: Chemistry; University: Marshall ; Term: Fall 2007;

Typology: Exams

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 07/31/2009

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Chemistry 211 Key 3 Fall 2007
1. Which of the following would be a strong electrolyte in aqueous solution?
a) CO2 b) HF c) NH4Cl d) O2 e) SCl2
2. What is the concentration of a solution of 4.28 g calcium sulfate in 300.0 mL of water?
a) 0.0143 M b) 0.0314 M c) 0.105 M d) 0.119 M e) 0.197 M
3. Which of the following is false?
a) All types of radiant energy travel at 3.00 x 108 m/s.
b) Energy is inversely proportional to frequency.
c) The probability of finding an electron at a certain place is its electron density.
d) Each electron has four quantum numbers associated with it.
e) A collection of orbitals with the same principle (n) quantum number is called a shell.
4. Which form of light carries the most energy per photon?
a) infrared light c) radiowaves e) ultraviolet light
b) microwaves d) visible light
5. What wavelength of energy has photons of energy 4.12 x 10-18 J?
a) 1.61 x 10-16 m c) 4.82 x 10-8 m e) 6.22 x 1015 m
b) 1.24 x 10-9 m d) 2.07 x 107 m
6. Which of the following is a metalloid?
a) Al b) As c) Cl d) S e) Sn
7. Which of the following oxides is ionic?
a) N2O b) P2O5 c) SO2 d) XeO3 e) Y2O3
8. Which of the following is false?
a) Alkali metals are strong oxidizing agents.
b) Alkaline earth metals react with oxygen to form compounds with the general formula MO.
c) Non-metals tend to form anions in reactions.
d) The halogens are very reactive.
e) The noble gases are generally unreactive.
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Chemistry 211 Key 3 Fall 2007

  1. Which of the following would be a strong electrolyte in aqueous solution?

a) CO 2 b) HF c) NH 4 Cl d) O 2 e) SCl 2

  1. What is the concentration of a solution of 4.28 g calcium sulfate in 300.0 mL of water?

a) 0.0143 M b) 0.0314 M c) 0.105 M d) 0.119 M e) 0.197 M

  1. Which of the following is false?

a) All types of radiant energy travel at 3.00 x 10^8 m/s. b) Energy is inversely proportional to frequency. c) The probability of finding an electron at a certain place is its electron density. d) Each electron has four quantum numbers associated with it. e) A collection of orbitals with the same principle (n) quantum number is called a shell.

  1. Which form of light carries the most energy per photon?

a) infrared light c) radiowaves e) ultraviolet light b) microwaves d) visible light

  1. What wavelength of energy has photons of energy 4.12 x 10-^18 J?

a) 1.61 x 10-^16 m c) 4.82 x 10-^8 m e) 6.22 x 10^15 m b) 1.24 x 10-^9 m d) 2.07 x 10^7 m

  1. Which of the following is a metalloid?

a) Al b) As c) Cl d) S e) Sn

  1. Which of the following oxides is ionic?

a) N 2 O b) P 2 O 5 c) SO 2 d) XeO 3 e) Y 2 O 3

  1. Which of the following is false?

a) Alkali metals are strong oxidizing agents. b) Alkaline earth metals react with oxygen to form compounds with the general formula MO. c) Non-metals tend to form anions in reactions. d) The halogens are very reactive. e) The noble gases are generally unreactive.

Discussion Questions: (You must show your work to receive credit.)

  1. Given the following equations. (10 points)

4 B(s) + 3 O 2 (g) → 2 B 2 O 3 (s) ∆Hº = -2509.1 kJ 2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) → 2 H 2 O (^) (l) ∆Hº = -571.7 kJ B 2 H 6 (g) + 3 O 2 (g) → B 2 O 3 (s) + 3 H 2 O(l) ∆Hº = -2147.5 kJ a) Calculate the heat of formation of one mole of B 2 H 6 (g). b) Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? c) How much heat is produced or is required in the preparation of 5.00 g of B 2 H 6?

a) 4 B(s) + 3 O 2 (g) → 2 B 2 O 3 (s) ∆Hº = [-2509.1 kJ] x 0. 2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) → 2 H 2 O (^) (l) ∆Hº = [-571.7 kJ] x 1. B 2 O 3 (s) + 3 H 2 O(l) → B 2 H 6 (g) + 3 O 2 (g) ∆Hº = [-2147.5 kJ] x - 2 B(s) + 3 H2 (g) → B 2 H 6 (g) ∆Hº = 35.2 kJ [Problem 5.76 a] b) endothermic

c) ∆H = (5.00 gB2H6) (^)  

B2H6 B2H

B2H 1 mol

352 kJ 2767 g

1 mol. .

= 6.36 J

  1. Define the following: (12 points)

quantum – the discreet amounts of energy emitted or absorbed by an atom ground state – the lowest energy state electron affinity – the energy change that occurs when an electron is added to a gas phase atom or ion amphoteric – species that can act as either (or both) an acid or base

  1. Calculate the energy of the transition from n = 4 to n = 1, given that the Rydberg constant is RH. Is energy emitted or absorbed? Explain. (You did see this one coming, right?) (8 points)

∆E = -RH 

2 i

2 f n

n

= -RH 

RH

Energy is emitted because the electron moves from a more distant orbital from the nucleus to a closer one. Since the electron and nucleus possess opposite charges, the shorter distance results in a greater attraction and a concomitant energy release.

  1. What are the biggest differences between the Bohr and Schrödinger models of atoms? (i.e Do a brief comparison and contrast.) (8 points)
    1. In the Bohr atom electrons travel in circles around the nucleus at fixed distances, whereas in the Schrödinger model the electrons exist in 3-dimensional orbitals of varying shapes. Electrons now may exist at any distance from the nucleus.
    2. In Bohr the electrons are truly particles, while in Schrödinger they are treated as waves.
    3. In Bohr quantization is assumed, in Schrödinger it is a consequence of the math.