Fundamentals of Micro-Rossi section
Study Guide
Exam #4 : End Chapter 6, Chapters 8 and 10
Study your notes from the microbe minutes. Make tables that allow you to compare
specific features of the microbes (aka, Gram + vs. Gram -, spore former versus non,
flagella versus none, pathogenic versus non, morphology so bacterial shape, cocci,
rods etc.)
Chapter 6
1-Understand the importance for chemoorganohetrotrophic funneling substrates
towards the same metabolic pathways
2-What ways can cells use to get energy?
3-Understand amphibolic pathways
4-Difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and fermentation – which
pathway produces the most energy and why
5-Embden-Meyerhof pathway: what is it? where does it occur in prokaryotes and
eukaryotes?
6-Know start and ends products of glycolysis, where energy is invested. where energy
is generated
-What happens to the carbon
-Know how many ATP and NADH generated
-What is the difference between substrate level phosphorylation and oxidative
phosphorylation?
7-What happens during transition/prep step (pyruvate dehydrogenase)
8-TCA cycle: where it occurs in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, how many NADH,
FADH2, CO2, and GTP are generated. Point of regulation (isocitrate dehydrogenase)
9-Concept of redox potential and how the redox potential of a conjugate pair (either –
or +) determine how electrons will flow
10-General concept of how the ETC works and how movement of electrons leads to
generation of PMF and in turn ATP generation
11-ETC: oxidative phosphorylation, why so much more ATP generated from ETC
than glycolysis and TCA – Chemiosmotic hypothesis
12-Differences in bacterial ETCs compared to eukaryote and archaea: how ATP yield
compares and why
13-ATP synthase how it works to generate ATP
14-Anaerobic respiration compared to aerobic: differences, why less ATP generated
15-Fermentation: importance, under what circumstances it occurs and how does
energy generated compare to aerobic and anaerobic respiration
16-General types of fermentation: heterolactic acid vs. homolactic acid (differences
between the two) vs alcoholic fermentation vs. mixed acid
17-Chemolithotrophy – why less ATP generated
18-General knowledge of metabolism of non-glucose carbon sources
19-Phototrophy
20-Anabolism
21-Precursor metabolites
