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Free Association
(1) saying what is on your mind TERM 2
Hysteria / Conversion Disorder (Symptoms &
Causation)
DEFINITION 2 (1) symptoms: blindness, deafness, paralysis, physical twitching fainting (2) causation: no cause (mental trauma) TERM 3
Psychoanalysis
DEFINITION 3 (1) created by Sigmund Freud (2) a set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a method of treating various mental disorders (3) Freud believed the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight TERM 4
Id ("it")
DEFINITION 4 (1) irrational and impulsive (does whatever comes to mind) (2) the source of libido (3) focuses on the pleasure principle (4) begins in infants *** example: babies do not want to eat in an hour, they want to eat now TERM 5
Libido
DEFINITION 5 (1) sexual desire (2) psychological sexual energy that comes from the id
Pleasure
Principle
(1) wants immediate gratification in a sexual sense TERM 7
Ego
("self")
DEFINITION 7 (1) rational (2) the thinking, reasoning, and planning part of personality (3) if overwhelmed, defense mechanisms will occur (4) deals with the reality principle (5) emerges from 1- 3 *** example: the id wants ice cream, but the ego says that you can have it later or you can eat another food TERM 8
Reality
Principle
DEFINITION 8 (1) develops a way to deal with gratification TERM 9
Superego ("conscience")
DEFINITION 9 (1) irrational and modeled loosely on your parents morals (2) made up of your sense of right and wrong (wants to do what is right) (3) emerges from 3-6 (4) remains childlike *** example: OMG my parents are going to find out about this (even if you were to say this as an adult, you are still acting childlike) TERM 10
Defense Mechanisms
DEFINITION 10 (1) unconscious psychological strategies brought into play by various entities to cope with reality (2) tools for when the ego is overwhelmed (3) always starts with repression
Regression
(1) a person returns to a child state to escape the present *** example: a person who suffers a mental breakdown assumes a fetal position, rocking and crying TERM 17
Denial
DEFINITION 17 (1) pretending that an uncomfortable thing did not happen *** example: alcoholics vigorously deny that they have a problem TERM 18
Sublimation
DEFINITION 18 (1) the transformation of unwanted impulses into something less harmful (2) finding good outlets for bad thoughts *** example: a person with strong sexual urges becomes an artist TERM 19
Oral Stage
DEFINITION 19 (1) birth-1 year (2) libido is throughout the body (3) gratification is through the mouth (biting, sucking) (4) too much or too little fixation can affect adulthood *** example: being stubborn, over eating, under eating TERM 20
Anal Stage
DEFINITION 20 (1) 1-3 years (2) libido is in the anus or rectum (3) gratified by retaining or eliminating poop (4) fixation can cause anal retentive or anal expulsive personalities
Anal Retentive
(1) caused by harsh and/or early potty training *** example: person will be overly neat and will like to collect things TERM 22
Anal Expulsive
DEFINITION 22 (1) caused by late potty training *** example: person will be messy TERM 23
Phallic Stage
DEFINITION 23 (1) 3-6 years (2) libido is in the genitals (3) fixation can be over/under-indulged (4) involves the Oedipus and Electra Conflicts (Castration Anxiety and Penis Envy) TERM 24
Oedipus Conflict
DEFINITION 24 (1) a boy is attracted to his mother and is afraid that his father will find out and cut his penis off (2) sexual orientation emerges (it is developed and can't be changed) TERM 25
Castration Anxiety
DEFINITION 25 (1) the fear a boy has of his father cutting his penis off
Sexual Orientation
(1) feelings of sexual attraction toward others (2) is it nurture or nature? (3) Freud believed this occurred during the phallic stage *** example: gay, lesbian, straight TERM 32
Gender Identity
DEFINITION 32 o Gender Identity your knowledge of being male or female Consistent with your biological sex (not always) there can be a boy who really thinks she is a girl or vise versa (presents at the age of two) this is transgender (gender identity disorder people who are transgender think this is offensive) Not the same thing as sexual orientation TERM 33
Transgender
DEFINITION 33 (1) involving a partial or full reversal of gender TERM 34
Intersex (Hermaphrodite)
DEFINITION 34 (1) one having both male and female sexual characteristics and organs (2) an assignment of male or female cannot be made at birth (the baby has an internal reproductive system) TERM 35
Ally
DEFINITION 35 (1) usually a straight person who is an advocate for gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people
Homophobia
(1) an fear/dislike for gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people TERM 37
Heterosexist
DEFINITION 37 (1) making assumptions that everyone in the world is heterosexual (2) a system of negative attitudes in favor of opposite-sex sexuality *** example: if someone wears a wedding ring, a heterosexist assumes they are straight TERM 38
Psychoanalytic Theory
DEFINITION 38 (1) there are inner forces outside of one's awareness that are directing behavior TERM 39
Cognitive-Social Learning Theory
DEFINITION 39 (1) people can learn new information and behaviors by watching other people *** example: parents (you might think their kids will be gay/lesbian and this is not true) TERM 40
Slips of the Tongue (Freudian Slips)
DEFINITION 40 (1) saying something out loud by accident *** example: "Hi, Mr. Dork, oops-I mean Mr. Fork"
Trait Perspective
interested in the measurement of traits, which can be defined as habitual patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion TERM 47
Social Cognitive Perspective
DEFINITION 47 (1) portions of an individual's knowledge acquisition can be directly related to observing others within the context of social interactions, experiences, and outside media influences TERM 48
Unstable &
Introverted
DEFINITION 48 (1) moody, anxious, unsociable, quiet TERM 49
Unstable &
Extraverted
DEFINITION 49 (1) aggressive, excitable, impulsive, optimistic TERM 50
Stable &
Introverted
DEFINITION 50 (1) passive, careful, peaceful, controlled
Stable &
Extraverted
(1) sociable, outgoing, talkative, carefree TERM 52
Conscientiousness
DEFINITION 52 (1) organized ----- TERM 53
Agreeableness
DEFINITION 53 (1) soft-hearted ----- ruthless (2) trusting ----------- suspicious (3) helpful ------------ uncooperative TERM 54
Neuroticism (Emotional Stability vs.
Instability)
DEFINITION 54 (1) calm -------------- anxious (2) secure ------------ insecure (3) self-satisfied ----- self-pitying
