Partial preview of the text
Download Animal Nutrition and Feed Science: Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Animal Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
Carnivore
an animal that eats meat and meat products
TERM 2
Omnivore
DEFINITION 2
an animal that eats a combination of meat and plant
materials
TERM 3
Herbivore
DEFINITION 3
an animal that eats plant materials
TERM 4
Nutrient
DEFINITION 4
chemical elements or compounds found in food that provide
energy, promote growth, and allow for the maintenance of
body functions
TERM 5
feedstuff
DEFINITION 5
ingredients in the diets of animals, including flavoring and
preservation
protien
an organic compound composed of amino acids that are
used in the building and repair of tissues.
TERM 7
amino acid
DEFINITION 7
an organic compound that is a building block of proteins
TERM 8
carbohydrates
DEFINITION 8
an organic subvstance occurring in foods; there are four
types: of sugars, starches, cellulose, and lignin, and all of
which can be broken down by animals for energy
TERM 9
lipid
DEFINITION 9
fats and oils
TERM 10
deficiency
DEFINITION 10
lack of a nutrient in an animal's system
concentrate
feed that is high in energy with less than 18 percent crude
fiber
TERM 17
ration
DEFINITION 17
the total amount of feed provided to an animal in a 24 hour
peirod
TERM 18
diet
DEFINITION 18
the type and amount of feed provided over a period of time
TERM 19
palatable
DEFINITION 19
pleasing to the taste
TERM 20
marbling
DEFINITION 20
fat intermingled with the muscle fibers
fetus
unborn animal, that is still developing in the mother's womb
TERM 22
feed tag
DEFINITION 22
label attached to a bag of commercial feed
TERM 23
medicated
feed
DEFINITION 23
anhy feed that contains one or more medications
TERM 24
Bos taurus
DEFINITION 24
a species of beef cattle with European origins that thrive in
temperate regions
TERM 25
Bos
indicus
DEFINITION 25
a species of beef cattle originationg in tropical areas which
are heat tolerant and disease and insect resistant also know
as Zebu
sheath
navel flap, a protective covering of a part of an animal
TERM 32
performance pedigree
DEFINITION 32
a tool that helps beef cattle producers determine which
animals to keep breed. This performance pedigree analyzes
how much of the particular animals's genetics will be passed
to subsequent generations
TERM 33
herdbook
DEFINITION 33
a recognized, officail record of the ancestry of a puirebred
aniaml which is kept by the particular breed association
TERM 34
ruminant
DEFINITION 34
a cud-chewing animal with a forestomach that allows
fermentation of ingested materials
TERM 35
palatability
DEFINITION 35
appealing to the sense of taste
legume
a family of plants such as soybeans and clovers that, with the
aid of symbiotic bacteria, can convert nitrogen from the air
into a form of nitrogen in thesoil that can be used by plants.
TERM 37
intensive or rotational grazing
DEFINITION 37
periodically moving livetock from one section of a pasture to
another
TERM 38
finishing
DEFINITION 38
the increased feeding of an animal before harvest to
increase weight and imporove carcass quality
TERM 39
Body condition score (BCS)
DEFINITION 39
a numerical scale that describes the overall conditionof the
animals's body, with one being emaciated and nine being
obese.
TERM 40
anthrax
DEFINITION 40
an acute infectious disease caused by a spore-forming
bacteria
Dairy Herd Improvement, (DHI)
a program that tracks the feeding, reproduction, health, and
production of each cow in the herd
TERM 47
Dairy Herd Improvement Association
(DHIA)
DEFINITION 47
an organization that provides production testing services to
daireies.
TERM 48
Stanchion barn
DEFINITION 48
a barn thta is constructed so that each cow is confined to an
individual stall; also called a tie stall barn
TERM 49
free stall barn
DEFINITION 49
a loose housing system that has many available stalls that
cows may enter and leave as they desire
TERM 50
dry cow
DEFINITION 50
a cow that is not producing milk
sex-selected semen
male reproductive fluid containing only the spermthat will
produce calves of the desired sex
TERM 52
heritability
DEFINITION 52
a measure of the traits passed from the parents to the
offspring
TERM 53
inbreeding
DEFINITION 53
the mating of two related individuals
TERM 54
gene pool
DEFINITION 54
the complete collection of genetic information for a group
TERM 55
culling
DEFINITION 55
removal of animals from the herd
anaerobic
a process that, occurs without oxygen
TERM 62
body condition score (BCS)
DEFINITION 62
a numerical scor indicating the estimated amount of fat on
an animal's body
TERM 63
milk parlor
DEFINITION 63
the area where cows are milked
TERM 64
carousel
DEFINITION 64
a type of milking parlor; the cows are placed on a circualr
rotating platform, and when the cows complete a full
rotation, they should be fully milked
TERM 65
bulk
tank
DEFINITION 65
a stainless steel tank used for storing milk at a dair farm
mastitis
inflammation of the udder
TERM 67
ketosis
DEFINITION 67
a nutritional disorder in dairy cows, most often occurring in
high producing cows in the first 6-8 weeks after calving
TERM 68
milk fever
DEFINITION 68
a disorder caused by a shortage of calcium in th blood
TERM 69
fortify
DEFINITION 69
to add nutrients to a product
TERM 70
dairy cooperatives
DEFINITION 70
a business that is owned, operated and condtrolled by dairy
producers
