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Medical Conditions and Symptoms: A Comprehensive Guide for Students, Exams of Nursing

A concise overview of various medical conditions and their associated symptoms. it's a valuable resource for students studying medicine, nursing, or related healthcare fields. The guide includes descriptions of conditions such as kaposi's sarcoma, retinal detachment, acne rosacea, and many others, offering a quick reference for identifying key characteristics and potential treatments. each entry is brief but informative, making it useful for quick review or as supplementary material for more in-depth study.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 04/19/2025

Nurseexcel
Nurseexcel 🇺🇸

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Family Nurse Practitioner Exam ANCC Test Exam
Questions and Correct Solutions 100% Guaranteed Pass
1. KarposijSarcoma:jCharacteristicjpurplejareasjonjthejnosejinjanjHIV-
positivejfemale.jAjtypejofjcancerjthatjcanjformjinjthejskin,jlymphjnodes,jorjotherjorgans.jThejski
njlesionsjarejusuallyjpurplejinjcolor.
2. Malodorousjsinglejnare:jForeignjbody
3. RetinaljDetachment:jthejretinajseparatesjfromjthejlayerjunderneath.jSymptomsjincludejanjin
creasejinjthejnumberjofjfloaters,jflashesjofjlight,jandjworseningjofjthejouterjpartjofjthejvisualjfield.
4. Adolescentjwithjfriablejnasaljturbinates:jCocainejuse
5. Aphthousjulcer:jajrecurrentjroundjorjovaljsorejorjulcerjinsidejthejmouthjonjanjareajwherejthejs
kinjisjnotjtightlyjboundjtojthejunderlyingjbone,jsuchjasjonjthejinsidejofjthejlipsjandjcheeksjorjundern
eathjthejtongue.jAphthousjulcersjcanjalsojaffectjthejgenitaliajinjmalesjandjfemales.
6. GERDjfirstjlinejtx:jh2jthenjppijifjdoesntjwork
7. MaxillaryjSinusitis:jDentaljpain
8. KasmauljTriangle:jAnteriorjepitaxis
9. Roseolajinfantum:jH.jfeverj=>jsmalljpinkjdotsjpinkjorjraisedjbodyjrashj=>jarms
10. AcnejRoscaca:j"adultjacne."jmostjoftenjinjadultsj(30-
50jyearsjofjage).jUnlikejacnejvulgaris,jrosaceajisjdevoidjofjblackheadsjandjcharacteristicallyjdo
esjnotjresolvejafterjpuberty.jRosaceajstrikesjbothjsexesjandjpotentiallyjalljages.jItjtendsjtojbejmorejf
requentjinjwomenjbutjmorejseverejinjmen.jItjisjveryjuncommonjinjchildren,jandjitjisjlessjfrequentjinj
peoplejwithjdarkjskin.jTxjwithjFlagyl
11. AVjNicking:jHTN,jarteriesjcrossingjveins
12. Blepharitis:jcommonlyjoccursjwhenjthejtinyjoiljglandsjofjthejinnerjeyelidjbe-
jcomejinflamed.jItjoftenjoccursjalongjwithjotherjskinjconditionsjorjallergies.jSymptomsjincludejre
d,jitchyjeyelidsjthatjmayjlookjgreasyjandjcrusted.jDryjeyesjalsojarejajsymptom.
Treatmentsjincludejcleaningjthejeyelids,jantibioticjorjsteroidjeyejdropsjandjtreatingjunderlyingjcon
ditions.jHowever,jblepharitisjtendsjtojcomejback.
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Family Nurse Practitioner Exam ANCC Test Exam

Questions and Correct Solutions 100% Guaranteed Pass

  1. KarposijSarcoma:j CharacteristicjpurplejareasjonjthejnosejinjanjHIV- positivejfemale.jAjtypejofjcancerjthatjcanjformjinjthejskin,jlymphjnodes,jorjotherjorgans.jThejski njlesionsjarejusuallyjpurplejinjcolor.
  2. Malodorousjsinglejnare:j Foreignjbody
  3. RetinaljDetachment:j thejretinajseparatesjfromjthejlayerjunderneath.jSymptomsjincludejanjin creasejinjthejnumberjofjfloaters,jflashesjofjlight,jandjworseningjofjthejouterjpartjofjthejvisualjfield.
  4. Adolescentjwithjfriablejnasaljturbinates:j Cocainejuse
  5. Aphthousjulcer:j ajrecurrentjroundjorjovaljsorejorjulcerjinsidejthejmouthjonjanjareajwherejthejs kinjisjnotjtightlyjboundjtojthejunderlyingjbone,jsuchjasjonjthejinsidejofjthejlipsjandjcheeksjorjundern eathjthejtongue.jAphthousjulcersjcanjalsojaffectjthejgenitaliajinjmalesjandjfemales.
  6. GERDjfirstjlinejtx:j h2jthenjppijifjdoesntjwork
  7. MaxillaryjSinusitis:j Dentaljpain
  8. KasmauljTriangle:j Anteriorjepitaxis
  9. Roseolajinfantum:j H.jfeverj=>jsmalljpinkjdotsjpinkjorjraisedjbodyjrashj=>jarms
  10. AcnejRoscaca:j "adultjacne."jmostjoftenjinjadultsj(30- 50 jyearsjofjage).jUnlikejacnejvulgaris,jrosaceajisjdevoidjofjblackheadsjandjcharacteristicallyjdo esjnotjresolvejafterjpuberty.jRosaceajstrikesjbothjsexesjandjpotentiallyjalljages.jItjtendsjtojbejmorejf requentjinjwomenjbutjmorejseverejinjmen.jItjisjveryjuncommonjinjchildren,jandjitjisjlessjfrequentjinj peoplejwithjdarkjskin.jTxjwithjFlagyl
  11. AVjNicking:j HTN,jarteriesjcrossingjveins
  12. Blepharitis:j commonlyjoccursjwhenjthejtinyjoiljglandsjofjthejinnerjeyelidjbe- jcomejinflamed.jItjoftenjoccursjalongjwithjotherjskinjconditionsjorjallergies.jSymptomsjincludejre d,jitchyjeyelidsjthatjmayjlookjgreasyjandjcrusted.jDryjeyesjalsojarejajsymptom. Treatmentsjincludejcleaningjthejeyelids,jantibioticjorjsteroidjeyejdropsjandjtreatingjunderlyingjcon ditions.jHowever,jblepharitisjtendsjtojcomejback.
  1. Hordelum:j Painfuljstyejitjhurts
  2. chalazion:j Nonjpainfuljlesionjtojeyelid
  3. CottonjWool:j Cottonjwooljspotsjarejanjabnormaljfindingjonjfunduscopicjexamjofjthejretinajo fjthejeye.jTheyjappearjasjfluffyjwhitejpatchesjonjthejretina.jTheyjarejcausedjbyjdamagejtojnervejfib ersjandjarejajresultjofjaccumulationsjofjaxoplasmicjmaterialjwithinjthejnervejfiberjlayer.jSystemi cjHTN,jDM
  4. HerpesjZoster:j Earlyjsignsjofjshinglesjincludejajburningjsensationjorjstabbingjpainjandjtingli ngjorjitchingjonjthejskin.jAfterjajfewjdays,jajrashjorjblistersjappear

jtactjsports,jandjbreaksjinjthejskinjsuchjasjfromjmosquitojbites,jeczema,jscabies,jorjherpes.jWithjc ontactjitjcanjspreadjaroundjorjbetweenjpeople.Diagnosisjisjtypicallyjbasedjonjthejsymptoms. Preventionjisjbyjhandjwashing,javoidingjpeoplejwhojarejinfected,jandjcleaningjinjuries.jTreatmentji sjtypicallyjwithjantibioticjcreamsjsuchjasjmupirocinjorjfusidic

acid.jAntibioticsjbyjmouth,jsuchjasjcephalexin,jmayjbejusedjifjlargejareasjarejaffected.jAntibiotic- resistantjformsjhavejbeenjfound.

  1. Mildjacne:j Skinjwashjretinoljbenzol
  2. moderatejacne:j retinoljplusjtetracylinesjoraljabx
  3. Retinoljreaction:j decreasejtoj 3 jtimesjajday
  4. Welljdemarcatedjcellulitis:j erysipelasjaffectsjthejdermis,jmostjcommonlyjonjthejlegs,jandj tendsjtojbejsharplyjdemarcated.jCellulitis,jwhichjtypicallyjaffectsjthejlowerjlegs,jinvolvesjthejsu bcutaneousjfatjandjisjoftenjlessjwelljdemarcated.j j The diagnosisjofjcellulitisjorjerysipelasjisjusuallyjclinical.
  5. polymyalgiajrheumatica:j youjfeeljpainjandjstiffnessjinjthejmusclesjinjyourjshouldersjandju pperjarmsj(shoulderjgirdle)jandjhipsj(pelvicjgirdle).jThisjfeelingjoftenjcomesjafterjyou'vejspentjti mejresting,jandjisjmostjseverejuponjwakeningjfromjsleep.
  6. Fibromyalgia:j canjalsojcausejmusclejpainjinjthejsamejpartsjofjthejbody.jButjit'sjmorejwide- spreadjandjthejpainjisjmorejsevere.jPeoplejwithjfibromyalgiajtendjtojexperiencejotherjsymptomsj asjwell,jincluding: tirednessjtroublejs leeping memoryjproblems boweljandjbladderjproblems
  7. Temporaljarteritis:j isjajconditionjinjwhichjthejtemporaljarteries,jwhichjsupplyjbloodjtojthejh eadjandjbrain,jbecomejinflamedjorjdamaged.jItjisjalsojknownjasjcranialjarteritisjorjgiantjcelljarte ritis.jAlthoughjthisjconditionjusuallyjoccursjinjthejtemporaljarteries,jitjcanjoccurjinjalmostjanyj mediumjtojlargejarteryjinjthejbody.
  8. Temporaljarteritis:j ESRjCRPjBiopsy
  9. Temporaljarteritis:j S/SXjdoublejvisionjsudden ,jpermanentjlossjofjvisionjinjonejeye ajthrobbingjheadachejthat'sjusuallyjinjthejtemplesjfatigue weakness lossjofjappetite jawjpain,jwhichjsometimesjcanjoccurjwithjchewingjfever
  1. herpesjkeratosis:j acutejonset,jphotophobia,jblurredjvisionjreferjtojo phthalmologist
  2. Pinworms:j itchingjatjrectum,jworstjatjnoc,jscotchjtape,jalsojknownjasjentero-jbiasis
  3. Cellulitisjworsening:j SuspectjDVD
  4. Millia:j whitejspotsjonjmouthjw/jinfants
  5. KawasakijDisease:j Redeye,jstrawberryjpharnyx,jrashjonjbody,jedemajhandsjandjfeet t'sjmostjcommonjinjinfantsjandjyoungjchildren. Earlyjstagesjincludejajrashjandjfever.jSymptomsjincludejhighjfeverjandjpeelingjskin.jInjlatejstages,jth erejmayjbejinflammationjofjmedium- sizedjbloodjvesselsj(vasculitis).jItjalsojaffectsjlymphjnodes,jskinjandjmucousjmembranes,jsuchjasji nsidejthejmouth.jKawasakijdiseasejisjusuallyjtreatable.jInitialjtreatmentsjincludejaspirinjandjintr a-jvenousjimmunoglobulinjtherapyjgivenjinjajmedicaljfacility. Critical:jconsultjajdoctorjforjmedicaljadvice
  6. varicella:j chickenjpoxjrashjcrustedj"vesicles"
  7. HeraldjPatch:j Pityriasisjroseajisjajviraljrashjwhichjlastsjaboutj 6 - 12 jweeks.jItjisjcharacterisedjbyjajheraldjpatchjfollowedjbyjsimilar,jsmallerjovaljredjpatchesjthatja rejlocatedjmainlyjonjthejchestjandjback.
  8. 3 jtypesjofjhandjrashes:j FHandjmouth,jsypillis,jRMSD
  9. Bullsjeyejlesion:j LymesjDisease,jDoxyjxj 21 jdays
  10. HandjFootjMouth:j cocsackijvirus
  11. Syphillis:j palmjofjhand,jRPRjtest,jtxjw/jpenicillin
  12. Rashjonjshoulder(body):j TineajCorpius
  13. Ringworm:j azolejantifungal
  14. Parvolajlab:j slapjface,j5thsjdisease,jstayjawayjfromjpregnantjwomen
  15. Koplikjspots:j Measels,jRubeola,jThejdiseasejspreadsjthroughjthejairjbyjrespi- jratoryjdropletsjproducedjfromjcoughingjorjsneezing. Measlesjsymptomsjdon'tjappearjuntilj 10 jtoj 14 jdaysjafterjexposure.jTheyjincludejcough,jrunnyj nose,jinflamedjeyes,jsorejthroat,jfeverjandjajred,jblotchyjskinjrash. There'sjnojtreatmentjtojgetjridjofjanjestablishedjmeaslesjinfection,jbutjover-the- counterjfeverjreducersjorjvitaminjAjmayjhelpjwithjsymptoms.
  16. Waxyjpearlyjdomeshapedjlesion:j Basaljcelljcarcinoma
  1. Actinicjkeratosis:j flatjscalyjrash,jprecurserjtojSCC
  2. AddisonjDisease:j Cortisoljisjlow,jhyperkalemia,jlowjsodium,jcravingsjthirstyjprimaryjadren aljinsufficiencyjandjhypocortisolism,jisjajlong- termjendocrinejdisorderjinjwhichjthejadrenaljglandsjdojnotjproducejenoughjsteroidjhormones.jS ymptomsjgenerallyjcomejonjslowlyjandjmayjincludejabdominaljpain,jweakness,jandjweightjloss .

Thejmostjcommonjsymptomsjofjfibromyalgiajare: painjinjmanyjdifferentjmusclesjandjbones tendernessjorjstiffnessjinjthejmusclesjorjbones,jlastingjforjatjleastj 3 jmonthsjtiredness difficultiesjinjsleeping.

  1. Orthopnea:j oftenjajsymptomjofjleftjventricularjheartjfailurejand/orjpulmonaryjedema.jItjca njalsojoccurjinjthosejwithjasthmajandjchronicjbronchitis,jasjwelljasjthosejwithjsleepjapneajorjp anicjdisorder
  2. Pulmonicjareajheartjsound:j splitjS
  3. CarotidjStenosis:j CVA,jStroke
  4. Arterialjinsufficiency,jPeripheraljvascularjdisease:j lackjpedaljpulses,jpainjinjcalf,jredjfeet,j commonjinjelderly,jbloodjcantjgojdown.jDXjw/jbrachialjindexjtest,jencouragejexercise
  5. Venousjinsufficiency:j Edema,jnojfeeling,jbloodjcantjgojup
  6. S4jindicates:j Leftjventricularjhypertrophy
  7. PulsusjParadoxus:j BPjdecreasesjwithjinspiration
  8. ProlongedjPRjinterval:j 1stjdegreejheartjblock
  9. AbsentjPjwave:j AFIB
  10. STEMI:j STjelevatedjMI
  11. AAA:j diagnosedjwithjUS
  12. ApicaljMurmurs:j systolicjatjbase,jMitraljRegurgitation
  13. AorticjMurmurs:j tojneck,jaorticjstenosis
  14. AcutejOM:j 1stjlinejtxjPenicillin-jAmoxicillin- jifjallergicjPCNjreactionjgojtojMacrolide.j("Mycin")jIfjnauseajetcjchangejtojdifferentjMacrolidej ie.jAzith,jErrith,jClarithomycin
  15. AcutejExternaljOttitis:j chiefjpathogenjPseudojmonasjAuginajtxjw/j1stjCi pro,j2ndjcephlosporin
  16. SwimmersjEar:j Gm-ve,jfouljsmelljpseudojauginas
  17. Herbaljalternativesjpostjmenopausaljhormonaljreplacement:j Isoflavins=jsoybeans,jb lackbeans,jblackjcohash
  18. PreferredjABOjAnthrax:j Ciproj500mg
  19. Medsjtojweanjoffjslowly,jneverjstopjabruptly:j BenzosjSSRI'sj+jEff exor Prednisonejafterj 7 jdays
  20. CavajCava:j naturaljTxjforjanxiety,jneverjwithjbenzos
  21. Medjcausingjsexualjdysfunction:j Paxiljespecially,jbutjanyjSSRIjwilljdecreasejsexualjfunction
  22. Lithium:j Bipolarjtreatmentjofjgrandiosityjdontjg

Ejnergyj(lack):jcommonjpresentingjsymptomj(fatigue) Cjognition/Cjoncentration:jreducedjcognitionj&/orjdifficultyjconcentratingjAjppetitej( wt.jloss);jusuallyjdeclined,joccasionallyjincreased Pjsychomotor:jagitationj(anxiety)jorjretardationsj(lethargic)jSjuicide/d eathjpreocp.

  1. BestjBPjMedjforjAfricanjAmericans:j CCB
  2. Metforminjcontraindications:j Decr.jrenaljfunctionjHepati cjdisease Lympaticj-jcausesjlacticacidosis
  3. Surgeryjw/jmetformin:j holdj24oja/jandj48ojp/
  4. IncreasedjCreatinjandjdecreasedjGFR:j Renaljeffects=jrenaljfailure
  5. Ifjmedsjarejinvacanajandjmetforminjandjcreatinejelevatedjwhichjonejtojdc?:j Metformi n
  6. WhichjBPjmedjnotjgivenjwithjCHF:j CCBjd/tjincreasedjedema
  7. IfjPTjonjCCBjandjgetsjperipheraljedemajwhatjdojyoujtelljthem?:j Movejaroundjoften,jdo n'tjbejsedentary
  8. ElderlyjPT'sjonjThiazidesjarejriskjfor?:j Dehydrationjandjkidneyjstones,jholdsjcalcium
  9. Symptomsjofjserratoninjsyndrome:j feversjmusclejrigidity
  10. Seasonaljdepressivejdisorder:j Depressionjnojtxjdu ejtojsymrtomatic, getjajsunjlamp
  11. EffectsjofjNSAIDSjonjcardiac:j inhibitsprostaglandinsjreactionjinjbloodjvessels,jmakesjBPjinc rease
  12. Synthroid:j increasedjisjhypojdecr easedjisjhyper
  13. parathyroid:j calciumjhigherjthanj 13 j=jhyperparathyroid
  14. Highjtrigyleridejlevels:j normalj 150 j 150 - 280 j+jlifestylejmods,jdietjwtjloss

350j+jniacinjplusjdiet 900jfibrates

  1. CYP40jw/jgrapefruit:j avoidjifjonjstatinsjCCB
  2. Flagylj(Metronidazole)jwhatjtojavoidjwhenjtakingjit?:j ETOHjd/tjmetallicjtaste
  3. TCA'sjwithjelderly:j canjcausejarrithmias
  4. 1stjlinejtxjforjanxiety:j Benzos,jativanjorjbuspar
  5. canjyoujgivejSSRI'sjtojelderly:j yesjmonitorjforjfalls

15 - 44 jyears 0 e45jyears

  • 1

ExudatejorjswellingjonjtonsilsjNo 0 Yes

Tender/swollenjanteriorjcervicaljlymphjnodesjNo 0 Yes

Tempj>38°Cj(100.4°F) Noj 0 Yes

Cough Coughjpresentj 0 Coughjabsent

  1. centorjscore:j ThejCentorjScorejcorrelatesjdirectlyjwithjriskjofjpositivejthroatjculturejforjGA Sj(GroupjAjStreptococcus). Newj 2012 jguidelinesjfromjthejIDSAj(InfectiousjDiseasejSocietyjofjAmerica)jnojlongerjrecommendj empiricjtreatmentjforjpatientsjalone;jtheyjrecommendjtestingjpatientsjthatjarejatjhigherjriskjforjstr epjpharyngitis,jbutjnotjgivingjantibioticsjuntiljajrapidjtestjisjpositivejorjajthroatjculturejisjpositive.
  2. Strepjthroat:j ThejmodifiedjcriteriajbyjMcIsaacjetjaljincludejanjagejcomponent,jalongjwithjton sillarjswelling,jasjpartjofjthejrule.jGASjisjincrediblyjrarejinjpatientsjunderj 3 jandjlessjcommonjinjol derjadults,jsojthisjcanjhelpjcliniciansjriskjstratifyjpatients. Mostjcasesjofjpharyngitisjarejviraljinjorigin,jandjwithjthejrarejincidencejofjrheumaticjfever,jalongjwithjt hejquestionablejbenefitsjofjearlyjantibioticsjtojpreventjsequelaejlikejperitonsillarjabscess,jantibio ticsjarejprescribedjmuchjlessjoften.jSteroidsj(likejdexamethasone)jandjNSAIDSjoftenjprovidejsimi larjpainjreliefjandjresolutionjofjsymptomsjtojantibiotics.
  3. CentorjscorejforjtxjofjStrep:j StrepjScorej 4 jtoj 5 j(orjStrepjScorej 2 jifjpatientjunreliable) Treatjwithjantibiotics

Antigenjtestjpositive:jTreatjwithjantibioticsjAntige njtestjnegative:jThroatjCulturejStrepjScorej 0 jtoj 1 ProvidejPharyngitisjSymptomaticjTreatment

  1. Fundascopic:j veinsjbiggerjthanjarteries
  2. coryza:j congestion catarrhaljinflammationjofjthejmucousjmembranejinjthejnose,jcausedjespeciallyjbyjajcoldjorjbyjh ayjfever.
  3. Commonjcold:j wateryjrhiarheajfever clearjmucous
  4. allericjrhinitis:j nojfever
  5. viraljstomatitis:j ulcerjinjmouth
  6. Aphthousjstomatitis:j canjbejonejorjajclusterjofjsmalljpitsjorjulcersjinjthejcheeks,jgums,jth ejinsidejofjthejlips,jorjonjthejtongue.j...jAphthousjstomatitisjisjnotjcausedjbyjajvirusjandjisjnotjcont agious.
  7. fussyjinfantjdifferentials:j dehydration,julcerji njmouth decreasedjPO
  8. cholesteatoma:j cauliflowerjinjearjAOM periorbitaljsynisitusjsendjto jreferral
  9. Cuppingjofjopticjdisc:j glucomaj=jincreasedjpressurejtonometr yjtest primaryjglucomajlossjofjperipheraljvision
  10. Weberjtest:j laterizationjtojonejearjabnormal
  11. rheinejtest:j normaljac>BC
  12. glucoma:j primaryjbloodjflowjopenjangle narrowj=>jclosedjanglejglucomaj=>jstiffjclosedj=jpain
  13. conjunctivitisjviraljvsjallergic:j Viraljconjunctivitisjcomesjonjfastjwhenjthejeyejorjbodyjisji nfectedjwithjajvirus.jOftenjjustjanjadditionaljsymptomjofjthejcoldjorjflu,jviraljconjunctivitisjcaus esjajsticky,jwateryjdischargejthatjisjveryjcontagious.jThisjinfectionjshouldjgojawayjwithinj 3 - 5 jdays,jbutjitjcanjalsojtriggerjbacterialjconjunctivitis.

allergicjconjunctivitis.jSeasonaljhayjfeverjallergensjlikejpollenjandjgrassjorjperen- jnialjallergensjlikejdust,jmold,jandjanimalsjwilljbringjonjalljsymptomsjofjallergicjconjunctivitisjevenl yjinjbothjeyes:jchronicjeyejitchiness,jclearjwateryjdischarge,jand